Consider $M$, a bounded domain in ${\mathbb R}^d$, which is a Riemanian manifold with piecewise smooth boundary and suppose that the billiard associated to the geodesic flow reflecting on the boundary according to the laws of geometric optics is ergodic. We prove that the boundary value of the eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator with reasonable boundary conditions are asymptotically equidistributed in the boundary, extending previous results by G\'erard and Leichtnam as well as Hassell and Zelditch, obtained under the additional assumption of the convexity of~$M$.

Let $ E $ be an elliptic curve defined over $\Q,$ of conductor $N$ and without complex multiplication. For any positive integer $l$, let $\phi_l$ be the Galois representation associated to the $l$-division points of~$E$. From a celebrated 1972 result of Serre we know that $\phi_l$ is surjective for any sufficiently large prime $l$. In this paper we find conditional and unconditional upper bounds in terms of $N$ for the primes $l$ for which $\phi_l$ is {not} surjective.

We show that several torsion free 3-manifold groups are not left-orderable. Our examples are groups of cyclic branched coverings of $S^3$ branched along links. The figure eight knot provides simple nontrivial examples. The groups arising in these examples are known as Fibonacci groups which we show not to be left-orderable. Many other examples of non-orderable groups are obtained by taking 3-fold branched covers of $S^3$ branched along various hyperbolic 2-bridge knots. %with various hyperbolic 2-bridge knots as branched sets. The manifold obtained in such a way from the $5_2$ knot is of special interest as it is conjectured to be the hyperbolic 3-manifold with the smallest volume.

Let $G$ be a finite group and $H$ be a subgroup. We say that $H$ is degree homogeneous if, for each $\chi\in \Irr(G)$, all the irreducible constituents of the restriction $\chi_{H}$ have the same degree. Subgroups which are either normal or abelian are obvious examples of degree homogeneous subgroups. Following a question by E.~M. Zhmud', we investigate general properties of such subgroups. It appears unlikely that degree homogeneous subgroups can be characterized entirely by abstract group properties, but we provide mixed criteria (involving both group structure and character properties) which are both necessary and sufficient. For example, $H$ is degree homogeneous in $G$ if and only if the derived subgroup $H^{\prime}$ is normal in $G$ and, for every pair $\alpha,\beta$ of irreducible $G$-conjugate characters of $H^{\prime}$, all irreducible constituents of $\alpha^{H}$ and $\beta^{H}$ have the same degree.

Let $A$ be the inductive limit of a system $$A_{1}\xrightarrow{\phi_{1,2}}A_{2} \xrightarrow{\phi_{2,3}} A_{3}\longrightarrow \cd $$ with $A_n = \bigoplus_{i=1}^{t_n} P_{n,i}M_{[n,i]}(C(X_{n,i}))P_{n,i}$, where $~X_{n,i}$ is a finite simplicial complex, and $P_{n,i}$ is a projection in $M_{[n,i]}(C(X_{n,i}))$. In this paper, we will prove that $A$ can be written as another inductive limit $$B_1\xrightarrow{\psi_{1,2}} B_2 \xrightarrow{\psi_{2,3}} B_3\longrightarrow \cd $$ with $B_n = \bigoplus_{i=1}^{s_n} Q_{n,i}M_{\{n,i\}}(C(Y_{n,i}))Q_{n,i}$, where $Y_{n,i}$ is a finite simplicial complex, and $Q_{n,i}$ is a projection in $M_{\{n,i\}}(C(Y_{n,i}))$, with the extra condition that all the maps $\psi_{n,n+1}$ are injective. (The result is trivial if one allows the spaces $Y_{n,i}$ to be arbitrary compact metrizable spaces.) This result is important for the classification of simple AH algebras (see \cite{G5,G6,EGL}. The special case that the spaces $X_{n,i}$ are graphs is due to the third named author \cite{Li1}.

We study countable splitting of Markushevich bases in weakly Lindel\"of Banach spaces in connection with the geometry of these spaces.

For each finite group $G$ for which the integral group ring $\mathbb{Z}G$ has only trivial units, we give ring-theoretic conditions for a commutative ring $R$ under which the group ring $RG$ has nontrivial units. Several examples of rings satisfying the conditions and rings not satisfying the conditions are given. In addition, we extend a well-known result for fields by showing that if $R$ is a ring of finite characteristic and $RG$ has only trivial units, then $G$ has order at most 3.

We obtain a complete description of the conjugacy classes $C_1,\dots,C_n$ in $SU(2)$ with the property that $C_1\cdots C_n=SU(2)$. The basic instrument is a characterization of the conjugacy classes $C_1,\dots,C_{n+1}$ in $SU(2)$ with $C_1\cdots C_{n+1}\ni I$, which generalizes a result of \cite{Je-We}.

We develop a symbol calculus for normal bimodule maps over a masa that is the natural analogue of the Schur product theory. Using this calculus we are easily able to give a complete description of the ranges of contractive normal bimodule idempotents that avoids the theory of J*-algebras. We prove that if $P$ is a normal bimodule idempotent and $\|P\| < 2/\sqrt{3}$ then $P$ is a contraction. We finish with some attempts at extending the symbol calculus to non-normal maps.

In this paper, we prove a global rigidity theorem for negatively curved Finsler metrics on a compact manifold of dimension $n \geq 3$. We show that for such a Finsler manifold, if the flag curvature is a scalar function on the tangent bundle, then the Finsler metric is of Randers type. We also study the case when the Finsler metric is locally projectively flat

We look at the simple continued fraction expansion of $\sqrt{D}$ for any $D=2^hc $ where $c>1$ is odd with a goal of determining necessary and sufficient conditions for the central norm (as determined by the infrastructure of the underlying real quadratic order therein) to be $2^h$. At the end of the paper, we also address the case where $D=c$ is odd and the central norm of $\sqrt{D}$ is equal to $2$.

If $f$ is a real-valued function on $[-\pi,\pi]$ that is Henstock-Kurzweil integrable, let $u_r(\theta)$ be its Poisson integral. It is shown that $\|u_r\|_p=o(1/(1-r))$ as $r\to 1$ and this estimate is sharp for $1\leq p\leq\infty$. If $\mu$ is a finite Borel measure and $u_r(\theta)$ is its Poisson integral then for each $1\leq p\leq \infty$ the estimate $\|u_r\|_p=O((1-r)^{1/p-1})$ as $r\to 1$ is sharp. The Alexiewicz norm estimates $\|u_r\|\leq\|f\|$ ($0\leq r<1$) and $\|u_r-f\|\to 0$ ($r\to 1$) hold. These estimates lead to two uniqueness theorems for the Dirichlet problem in the unit disc with Henstock-Kurzweil integrable boundary data. There are similar growth estimates when $u$ is in the harmonic Hardy space associated with the Alexiewicz norm and when $f$ is of bounded variation.

We obtain lower estimates for the absolute values of linear forms of the values of generalized Heine series at non-zero points of an imaginary quadratic field~$\II$, in particular of the values of $q$-exponential function. These estimates depend on the individual coefficients, not only on the maximum of their absolute values. The proof uses a variant of classical Siegel's method applied to a system of functional Poincar\'e-type equations and the connection between the solutions of these functional equations and the generalized Heine series.

In this paper we study Hankel transforms and Hankel convolution operators on spaces of entire functions of finite order and their duals.

The main results deal with conditions for the validity of the weighted convolution inequality $\sum_{n\in\mathbb Z}\left|b_n\sum_{k\in\mathbb Z} a_{n-k}x_k\right|^p\le C^p\sum_{k\in\mathbb Z} |x_k|^p$ when $p\ge1$.

We study Calabi--Yau manifolds constructed as double coverings of $\mathbb{P}^3$ branched along an octic surface. We give a list of 87 examples corresponding to arrangements of eight planes defined over $\mathbb{Q}$. The Hodge numbers are computed for all examples. There are 10 rigid Calabi--Yau manifolds and 14 families with $h^{1,2}=1$. The modularity conjecture is verified for all the rigid examples.

A continuum is said to be Suslinian if it does not contain uncountably many mutually exclusive nondegenerate subcontinua. We prove that Suslinian continua are perfectly normal and rim-metrizable. Locally connected Suslinian continua have weight at most $\omega_1$ and under appropriate set-theoretic conditions are metrizable. Non-separable locally connected Suslinian continua are rim-finite on some open set.

We find an infinite family of projective monomial curves all of which have $h$-vector with no negative values and are not Cohen-Macaulay.

The integers coprime to $n$ are called the {\it totatives} \rm of $n$. D. H. Lehmer and Paul Erd\H{o}s were interested in understanding when the number of totatives between $in/k$ and $(i+1)n/k$ are $1/k$th of the total number of totatives up to $n$. They provided criteria in various cases. Here we give an ``if and only if'' criterion which allows us to recover most of the previous results in this literature and to go beyond, as well to reformulate the problem in terms of combinatorial group theory. Our criterion is that the above holds if and only if for every odd character $\chi \pmod \kappa$ (where $\kappa:=k/\gcd(k,n/\prod_{p|n} p)$) there exists a prime $p=p_\chi$ dividing $n$ for which $\chi(p)=1$.

We state and prove an important special case of Suslin reciprocity that has found significant use in the study of algebraic cycles. An introductory account is provided of the regulator and norm maps on Milnor $K_2$-groups (for function fields) employed in the proof.

Let $X$ be a projective smooth variety over a field $k$. In the first part we show that an indecomposable element in $CH^2(X,1)$ can be lifted to an indecomposable element in $CH^3(X_K,2)$ where $K$ is the function field of 1 variable over $k$. We also show that if $X$ is the self-product of an elliptic curve over $\Q$ then the $\Q$-vector space of indecomposable cycles $CH^3_{ind}(X_\C,2)_\Q$ is infinite dimensional. In the second part we give a new definition of the group of indecomposable cycles of $CH^3(X,2)$ and give an example of non-torsion cycle in this group.

We give a particularly elementary solution to the following well-known problem. What is the number of $k$-subsets $X \subseteq I_n=\{1,2,3,\dots,n\}$ satisfying ``no two elements of $X$ are adjacent in the circular display of $I_n$''? Then we investigate a new generalization (multiple cyclic choices without adjacencies) and apply it to enumerating a class of 3-line latin rectangles.

The index theory considered in this paper, a generalisation of the classical Fredholm index theory, is obtained in terms of a non-finite trace on a unital $C^\ast$-algebra. We relate it to the index theory of M.~Breuer, which is developed in a von~Neumann algebra setting, by means of a representation theorem. We show how our new index theory can be used to obtain an index theorem for Toeplitz operators on the compact group $\mathbf{U}(2)$, where the classical index theory does not give any interesting result.

We establish a sharp Fourier restriction estimate for a measure on a $k$-surface in $\mathbb R ^n$, where $n=k(k+3)/2$.

It is proved that every adjacency preserving continuous map on the vector space of real matrices of fixed size, is either a bijective affine tranformation of the form $ A \mapsto PAQ+R$, possibly followed by the transposition if the matrices are of square size, or its range is contained in a linear subspace consisting of matrices of rank at most one translated by some matrix $R$. The result extends previously known theorems where the map was assumed to be also injective.

Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian integral domain with field of fractions $Q$. Generalizing a forty-year-old theorem of E. Matlis, we prove that the $R$-module $Q/R$ (or $Q$) has Krull dimension if and only if $R$ is semilocal and one-dimensional. Moreover, if $X$ is an injective module over a commutative Noetherian ring such that $X$ has Krull dimension, then the Krull dimension of $X$ is at most $1$.

This paper studies the integration of inclusion of subdifferentials. Under various verifiable conditions, we obtain that if two proper lower semicontinuous functions $f$ and $g$ have the subdifferential of $f$ included in the $\gamma$-enlargement of the subdifferential of $g$, then the difference of those functions is $ \gamma$-Lipschitz over their effective domain.

We define a uniform structure on the set of discrete sets of a locally compact topological space on which a locally compact topological group acts continuously. Then we investigate the completeness of these uniform spaces and study these spaces by means of topological dynamical systems.

It is proved here that a ring $R$ is right pseudo-Frobenius if and only if $R $ is a right Kasch ring such that the second right singular ideal is injective.

We study the non-vanishing on the line $Re(s)=1$ of the convolution series associated to two Dirichlet series in a certain class of Dirichlet series. The non-vanishing of various $L$-functions on the line $Re(s)=1$ will be simple corollaries of our general theorems.

Let $$ \zeta(s,x)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(n+x)^s} \quad{(s>1,\, x>0)} $$ be the Hurwitz zeta function and let $$ Q(x)=Q(x;\alpha,\beta;a,b)=\frac{(\zeta(\alpha,x))^a}{(\zeta(\beta,x))^b}, $$ where $\alpha, \beta>1$ and $a,b>0$ are real numbers. We prove: (i) The function $Q$ is decreasing on $(0,\infty)$ if{}f $\alpha a-\beta b\geq \max(a-b,0)$. (ii) $Q$ is increasing on $(0,\infty)$ if{}f $\alpha a-\beta b\leq \min(a-b,0)$. An application of part (i) reveals that for all $x>0$ the function $s\mapsto [(s-1)\zeta(s,x)]^{1/(s-1)}$ is decreasing on $(1,\infty)$. This settles a conjecture of Bastien and Rogalski.

Let $\M$ be a type II$_1$ von Neumann algebra, $\tau$ a trace in $\M$, and $\l2$ the GNS Hilbert space of $\tau$. We regard the unitary group $U_\M$ as a subset of $\l2$ and characterize the shortest smooth curves joining two fixed unitaries in the $L^2$ metric. As a consequence of this we obtain that $U_\M$, though a complete (metric) topological group, is not an embedded riemannian submanifold of $\l2$

Maps preserving certain algebraic properties of elements are often studied in Functional Analysis and Linear Algebra. The goal of this paper is to discuss the relationships among these problems from the ring-theoretic point of view.

In this paper we consider multipliers on the real Hardy space $H_{2\pi}$. It is known that the Marcinkiewicz and the H\"ormander--Mihlin conditions are sufficient for the corresponding trigonometric multiplier to be bounded on $L_{2\pi}^p$, $1<p<\infty$. We show among others that the H\"ormander--Mihlin condition extends to $H_{2\pi}$ but the Marcinkiewicz condition does not.

In this paper we prove the sharp inequality $$ |P_n^{(s)}(x)|\leq P_n^{(s)}(1)\bigl(|x|^n +\frac{n-1}{2 s+1}(1-|x|^n)\bigr),$$ where $P_n^{(s)}(x)$ is the classical ultraspherical polynomial of degree $n$ and order $s\ge n\frac{1+\sqrt 5}{4}$. This inequality can be refined in $[0,z_n^s]$ and $[z_n^s,1]$, where $z_n^s$ denotes the largest zero of $P_n^{(s)}(x)$.

Let $n=2m$ be even and denote by $\Sp_n(F)$ the symplectic group of rank $m$ over an infinite field $F$ of characteristic different from $2$. We show that any $n\times n$ symmetric matrix $A$ is equivalent under symplectic congruence transformations to the direct sum of $m\times m$ matrices $B$ and $C$, with $B$ diagonal and $C$ tridiagonal. Since the $\Sp_n(F)$-module of symmetric $n\times n$ matrices over $F$ is isomorphic to the adjoint module $\sp_n(F)$, we infer that any adjoint orbit of $\Sp_n(F)$ in $\sp_n(F)$ has a representative in the sum of $3m-1$ root spaces, which we explicitly determine.

We present a very short proof of Liouville's theorem for solutions to a non-uniformly elliptic radially symmetric equation. The proof uses the Ricatti equation satisfied by the Dirichlet to Neumann map.

It is shown that there exists an inner function $I$ defined on the unit ball ${\bf B}^n$ of ${\mathbb C}^n$ such that each function holomorphic on ${\bf B}^n$ and bounded by $1$ can be approximated by ``non-Euclidean translates" of $I$.

Let $X$ be a smooth complex projective variety with a holomorphic vector field with isolated zero set $Z$. From the results of Carrell and Lieberman there exists a filtration $F_0 \subset F_1 \subset \cdots$ of $A(Z)$, the ring of $\c$-valued functions on $Z$, such that $\Gr A(Z) \cong H^*(X, \c)$ as graded algebras. In this note, for a smooth projective toric variety and a vector field generated by the action of a $1$-parameter subgroup of the torus, we work out this filtration. Our main result is an explicit connection between this filtration and the polytope algebra of $X$.

and fibre type for elliptic curves over discrete valued fields of equal characteristic~3. Along the same lines, partial results are obtained in equal characteristic~2.

The orthogonal projection of the free associative algebra onto the free Lie algebra is afforded by an idempotent in the rational group algebra of the symmetric group $S_n$, in each homogenous degree $n$. We give various characterizations of this Lie idempotent and show that it is uniquely determined by a certain unit in the group algebra of $S_{n-1}$. The inverse of this unit, or, equivalently, the Gram matrix of the orthogonal projection, is described explicitly. We also show that the Garsia Lie idempotent is not constant on descent classes (in fact, not even on coplactic classes) in $S_n$.

It is shown, using the Borwein--Preiss variational principle that for every continuous convex function $f$ on a weakly compactly generated space $X$, every $x_0\in X$ and every weakly compact convex symmetric set $K$ such that $\cspan K=X$, there is a point of G\^ateaux differentiability of $f$ in $x_0+K$. This extends a Klee's result for separable spaces.

We count the number of strictly positive $B$-stable ideals in the nilradical of a Borel subalgebra and prove that the minimal roots of any $B$-stable ideal are conjugate by an element of the Weyl group to a subset of the simple roots. We also count the number of ideals whose minimal roots are conjugate to a fixed subset of simple roots.

This paper is devoted to analysing the relation between the logarithm of a non-constant holomorphic polynomial $Q(z)$ and the topology of the complement of the hypersurface defined by $Q(z)=0$.

We establish sufficient conditions on the shape of a set $A$ included in the space $\mathcal L _s^n(X,Y)$ of the $n$-linear symmetric mappings between Banach spaces $X$ and $Y$, to ensure the existence of a $C^n$\nobreakdash-smooth mapping $f\colon X \rightarrow Y$, with bounded support, and such that $f^{(n)}(X)=A$, provided that $X$ admits a $C^{n}$-smooth bump with bounded $n$-th derivative and $\dens X=\dens \mathcal L ^n(X,Y)$. For instance, when $X$ is infinite-dimensional, every bounded connected and open set $U$ containing the origin is the range of the $n$-th derivative of such a mapping. The same holds true for the closure of $U$, provided that every point in the boundary of $U$ is the end point of a path within $U$. In the finite-dimensional case, more restrictive conditions are required. We also study the Fr\'echet smooth case for mappings from $\mathbb R^n$ to a separable infinite-dimensional Banach space and the G\^ateaux smooth case for mappings defined on a separable infinite-dimensional Banach space and with values in a separable Banach space.

We give a new proof of former results by G. Zampieri and the author on extension of holomorphic functions from one side $\Omega$ of a real hypersurface $M$ of $\mathbb{C}^n$ in the presence of an analytic disc tangent to $M$, attached to $\bar\Omega$ but not to $M$. Our method enables us to weaken the regularity assumptions both for the hypersurface and the disc.

Let $G$ be a compact group. Let $\sigma$ be a continuous involution of $G$. In this paper, we are concerned by the following functional equation $$\int_{G}f(xtyt^{-1})\,dt+\int_{G}f(xt\sigma(y)t^{-1})\,dt=2g(x)h(y), \quad x, y \in G,$$ where $f, g, h \colonG \mapsto \mathbb{C}$, to be determined, are complex continuous functions on $G$ such that $f$ is central. This equation generalizes d'Alembert's and Wilson's functional equations. We show that the solutions are expressed by means of characters of irreducible, continuous and unitary representations of the group $G$.

\begin{abstract} We prove that a Minkowski plane is Euclidean if and only if Busemann's or Glogovskij's definitions of angular bisectors coincide with a bisector defined by an angular measure in the sense of Brass. In addition, bisectors defined by the area measure coincide with bisectors defined by the circumference (arc length) measure if and only if the unit circle is an equiframed curve.

Let $\FF$ be an orthonormal basis for weight $2$ cusp forms of level $N$. We show that various weighted averages of special values $L(f \tensor \chi, 1)$ over $f \in \FF$ are equal to $4 \pi c + O(N^{-1 + \epsilon})$, where $c$ is an explicit nonzero constant. A previous result of Duke gives an error term of $O(N^{-1/2}\log N)$.

We study some global aspects of differential complex 2-forms and 3-forms on complex manifolds. We compute the cohomology classes represented by the sets of points on a manifold where such a form degenerates in various senses, together with other similar cohomological obstructions. Based on these results and a formula for projective representations, we calculate the degree of the projectivization of certain orbits of the representation $\Lambda^k\C^n$.

We study Hamiltonian actions of compact groups in the presence of compatible involutions. We show that the Lagrangian fixed point set on the symplectically reduced space is isomorphic to the disjoint union of the involutively reduced spaces corresponding to involutions on the group strongly inner to the given one. Our techniques imply that the solution to the eigenvalues of a sum problem for a given real form can be reduced to the quasi-split real form in the same inner class. We also consider invariant quotients with respect to the corresponding real form of the complexified group.

Let $m=p^e$ be a power of a prime number $p$. We say that a number field $F$ satisfies the property $(H_m')$ when for any $a \in F^{\times}$, the cyclic extension $F(\z_m, a^{1/m})/F(\z_m)$ has a normal $p$-integral basis. We prove that $F$ satisfies $(H_m')$ if and only if the natural homomorphism $Cl_F' \to Cl_K'$ is trivial. Here $K=F(\zeta_m)$, and $Cl_F'$ denotes the ideal class group of $F$ with respect to the $p$-integer ring of $F$.

Assume that $\Omega$ is a Hartogs domain in $\mathbb{C}^{1+n}$, defined as $\Omega=\{(z,w)\in\mathbb{C}^{1+n}:|z|<\mu(w),w\in H\}$, where $H$ is an open set in $\mathbb{C}^{n}$ and $\mu$ is a continuous function with positive values in $H$ such that $-\ln\mu$ is a strongly plurisubharmonic function in $H$. Let $\Omega_{w}=\Omega\cap(\mathbb{C}\times\{w\})$. For a given set $E$ contained in $H$ of the type $G_{\delta}$ we construct a holomorphic function $f\in\mathbb{O}(\Omega)$ such that \[ E=\Bigl\{ w\in\mathbb{C}^{n}:\int_{\Omega_{w}}|f(\cdot\,,w)|^{2}\,d\mathfrak{L}^{2}=\infty\Bigr\}. \]

Let $U_{q}(\SL)^{+}$ be the positive part of the quantized enveloping algebra $U_{q}(\SL)$. Using results of Alev--Dumas and Caldero related to the center of $U_{q}(\SL)^{+}$, we show that this algebra is free over its center. This is reminiscent of Kostant's separation of variables for the enveloping algebra $U(\g)$ of a complex semisimple Lie algebra $\g$, and also of an analogous result of Joseph--Letzter for the quantum algebra $\Check{U}_{q}(\g)$. Of greater importance to its representation theory is the fact that $\U{+}$ is free over a larger polynomial subalgebra $N$ in $n$ variables. Induction from $N$ to $\U{+}$ provides infinite-dimensional modules with good properties, including a grading that is inherited by submodules.

We show that the injective Kobayashi--Royden differential metric, as defined by Hahn, is upper semicontinous.

For a given irrational number $\theta$, we define Toeplitz operators with symbols in the irrational rotation algebra ${\mathcal A}_\theta$, and we show that the $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal T({\mathcal A}_\theta)$ generated by these Toeplitz operators is an extension of ${\mathcal A}_\theta$ by the algebra of compact operators. We then use these extensions to explicitly exhibit generators of the group $KK^1({\mathcal A}_\theta,\mathbb C)$. We also prove an index theorem for $\mathcal T({\mathcal A}_\theta)$ that generalizes the standard index theorem for Toeplitz operators on the circle.

In the article under consideration (Canad. Math. Bull. \textbf{47} (2004), pp.~373--388), Lemma 6 is not true in the form presented there. Lemma 6 is used only in the proof of part (i) of Theorem 9. We note, however, that part (i) of Theorem 9 in question is a special case of a theorem by Bennet, Bruin, Gy\H{o}ry and Hajdu.

No abstract.