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51. CMB 2003 (vol 46 pp. 356)

Ishiwata, Makiko; Przytycki, Józef H.; Yasuhara, Akira
 Branched Covers of Tangles in Three-balls We give an algorithm for a surgery description of a $p$-fold cyclic branched cover of $B^3$ branched along a tangle. We generalize constructions of Montesinos and Akbulut-Kirby. Keywords:tangle, branched cover, surgery, Heegaard decompositionCategories:57M25, 57M12

52. CMB 2003 (vol 46 pp. 310)

Wang, Xiaofeng
 Second Order Dehn Functions of Asynchronously Automatic Groups Upper bounds of second order Dehn functions of asynchronously automatic groups are obtained. Keywords:second order Dehn function, combing, asynchronously automatic groupCategories:20E06, 20F05, 57M05

53. CMB 2003 (vol 46 pp. 265)

Oh, Seungsang
 Reducing Spheres and Klein Bottles after Dehn Fillings Let $M$ be a compact, connected, orientable, irreducible 3-manifold with a torus boundary. It is known that if two Dehn fillings on $M$ along the boundary produce a reducible manifold and a manifold containing a Klein bottle, then the distance between the filling slopes is at most three. This paper gives a remarkably short proof of this result. Keywords:Dehn filling, reducible, Klein bottleCategory:57M50

54. CMB 2003 (vol 46 pp. 122)

Moon, Myoungho
 On Certain Finitely Generated Subgroups of Groups Which Split Define a group $G$ to be in the class $\mathcal{S}$ if for any finitely generated subgroup $K$ of $G$ having the property that there is a positive integer $n$ such that $g^n \in K$ for all $g\in G$, $K$ has finite index in $G$. We show that a free product with amalgamation $A*_C B$ and an $\HNN$ group $A *_C$ belong to $\mathcal{S}$, if $C$ is in $\mathcal{S}$ and every subgroup of $C$ is finitely generated. Keywords:free product with amalgamation, $\HNN$ group, graph of groups, fundamental groupCategories:20E06, 20E08, 57M07

55. CMB 2002 (vol 45 pp. 231)

Hironaka, Eriko
 Erratum:~~The Lehmer Polynomial and Pretzel Links Erratum to {\it The Lehmer Polynomial and Pretzel Links}, Canad. J. Math. {\bf 44}(2001), 440--451. Keywords:Alexander polynomial, pretzel knot, Mahler measure, Salem number, Coxeter groupsCategories:57M05, 57M25, 11R04, 11R27

56. CMB 2002 (vol 45 pp. 131)

Przytycki, Józef H.; Rosicki, Witold
 The Topological Interpretation of the Core Group of a Surface in $S^4$ We give a topological interpretation of the core group invariant of a surface embedded in $S^4$ \cite{F-R}, \cite{Ro}. We show that the group is isomorphic to the free product of the fundamental group of the double branch cover of $S^4$ with the surface as a branched set, and the infinite cyclic group. We present a generalization for unoriented surfaces, for other cyclic branched covers, and other codimension two embeddings of manifolds in spheres. Categories:57Q45, 57M12, 57M05

57. CMB 2001 (vol 44 pp. 440)

Hironaka, Eriko
 The Lehmer Polynomial and Pretzel Links In this paper we find a formula for the Alexander polynomial $\Delta_{p_1,\dots,p_k} (x)$ of pretzel knots and links with $(p_1,\dots,p_k, \nega 1)$ twists, where $k$ is odd and $p_1,\dots,p_k$ are positive integers. The polynomial $\Delta_{2,3,7} (x)$ is the well-known Lehmer polynomial, which is conjectured to have the smallest Mahler measure among all monic integer polynomials. We confirm that $\Delta_{2,3,7} (x)$ has the smallest Mahler measure among the polynomials arising as $\Delta_{p_1,\dots,p_k} (x)$. Keywords:Alexander polynomial, pretzel knot, Mahler measure, Salem number, Coxeter groupsCategories:57M05, 57M25, 11R04, 11R27

58. CMB 2000 (vol 43 pp. 343)

Hughes, Bruce; Taylor, Larry; Williams, Bruce
 Controlled Homeomorphisms Over Nonpositively Curved Manifolds We obtain a homotopy splitting of the forget control map for controlled homeomorphisms over closed manifolds of nonpositive curvature. Keywords:controlled topology, controlled homeomorphism, nonpositive curvature, Novikov conjecturesCategories:57N15, 53C20, 55R65, 57N37

59. CMB 2000 (vol 43 pp. 268)

Bogley, W. A.; Gilbert, N. D.; Howie, James
 Cockcroft Properties of Thompson's Group In a study of the word problem for groups, R.~J.~Thompson considered a certain group $F$ of self-homeomorphisms of the Cantor set and showed, among other things, that $F$ is finitely presented. Using results of K.~S.~Brown and R.~Geoghegan, M.~N.~Dyer showed that $F$ is the fundamental group of a finite two-complex $Z^2$ having Euler characteristic one and which is {\em Cockcroft}, in the sense that each map of the two-sphere into $Z^2$ is homologically trivial. We show that no proper covering complex of $Z^2$ is Cockcroft. A general result on Cockcroft properties implies that no proper regular covering complex of any finite two-complex with fundamental group $F$ is Cockcroft. Keywords:two-complex, covering space, Cockcroft two-complex, Thompson's groupCategories:57M20, 20F38, 57M10, 20F34

60. CMB 2000 (vol 43 pp. 145)

Chang, Jae-Ho; Lee, Sang Youl; Park, Chan-Young
 On the 2-Parallel Versions of Links In this paper, we show that the absolute value of the signature of the $2$-parallel version of a link is less than or equal to the nullity of it and show that the signature, nullity, and Minkowski units of the $2$-parallel version of a certain class of links are always equal to $0$, $2$, and $1$ respectively. Keywords:braid, Goeritz matrix, Minkowski unit, nullity, signature, 2-parallel versionCategory:57M25

61. CMB 2000 (vol 43 pp. 79)

König, Steffen
 Cyclotomic Schur Algebras and Blocks of Cyclic Defect An explicit classification is given of blocks of cyclic defect of cyclotomic Schur algebras and of cyclotomic Hecke algebras, over discrete valuation rings. Categories:20G05, 20C20, 16G30, 17B37, 57M25

62. CMB 1999 (vol 42 pp. 257)

Austin, David; Rolfsen, Dale
 Homotopy of Knots and the Alexander Polynomial Any knot in a 3-dimensional homology sphere is homotopic to a knot with trivial Alexander polynomial. Categories:57N10, 57M05, 57M25, 57N65

63. CMB 1999 (vol 42 pp. 248)

Weber, Christian
 The Classification of $\Pin_4$-Bundles over a $4$-Complex In this paper we show that the Lie-group $\Pin_4$ is isomorphic to the semidirect product $(\SU_2\times \SU_2)\timesv \Z/2$ where $\Z/2$ operates by flipping the factors. Using this structure theorem we prove a classification theorem for $\Pin_4$-bundles over a finite $4$-complex $X$. Categories:55N25, 55R10, 57S15

64. CMB 1999 (vol 42 pp. 190)

Gilmer, Patrick M.
 Topological Quantum Field Theory and Strong Shift Equivalence Given a TQFT in dimension $d+1,$ and an infinite cyclic covering of a closed $(d+1)$-dimensional manifold $M$, we define an invariant taking values in a strong shift equivalence class of matrices. The notion of strong shift equivalence originated in R.~Williams' work in symbolic dynamics. The Turaev-Viro module associated to a TQFT and an infinite cyclic covering is then given by the Jordan form of this matrix away from zero. This invariant is also defined if the boundary of $M$ has an $S^1$ factor and the infinite cyclic cover of the boundary is standard. We define a variant of a TQFT associated to a finite group $G$ which has been studied by Quinn. In this way, we recover a link invariant due to D.~Silver and S.~Williams. We also obtain a variation on the Silver-Williams invariant, by using the TQFT associated to $G$ in its unmodified form. Keywords:knot, link, TQFT, symbolic dynamics, shift equivalenceCategories:57R99, 57M99, 54H20

65. CMB 1999 (vol 42 pp. 149)

Boyer, S.; Zhang, X.
 A Note on Finite Dehn Fillings Let $M$ be a compact, connected, orientable 3-manifold whose boundary is a torus and whose interior admits a complete hyperbolic metric of finite volume. In this paper we show that if the minimal Culler-Shalen norm of a non-zero class in $H_1(\partial M)$ is larger than $8$, then the finite surgery conjecture holds for $M$. This means that there are at most $5$ Dehn fillings of $M$ which can yield manifolds having cyclic or finite fundamental groups and the distance between any slopes yielding such manifolds is at most $3$. Categories:57M25, 57R65

66. CMB 1999 (vol 42 pp. 52)

Edmonds, Allan L.
 Embedding Coverings in Bundles If $V\to X$ is a vector bundle of fiber dimension $k$ and $Y\to X$ is a finite sheeted covering map of degree $d$, the implications for the Euler class $e(V)$ in $H^k(X)$ of $V$ implied by the existence of an embedding $Y\to V$ lifting the covering map are explored. In particular it is proved that $dd'e(V)=0$ where $d'$ is a certain divisor of $d-1$, and often $d'=1$. Categories:57M10, 55R25, 55S40, 57N35

67. CMB 1999 (vol 42 pp. 46)

Dijkstra, Jan J.
 Generic Partial Two-Point Sets Are Extendable It is shown that under $\ZFC$ almost all planar compacta that meet every line in at most two points are subsets of sets that meet every line in exactly two points. This result was previously obtained by the author jointly with K.~Kunen and J.~van~Mill under the assumption that Martin's Axiom is valid. Category:57N05

68. CMB 1998 (vol 41 pp. 374)

Young, Carmen M.
 Normal invariants of lens spaces We show that normal and stable normal invariants of polarized homotopy equivalences of lens spaces $M = L(2^m;\r)$ and $N = L(2^m;\s)$ are determined by certain $\ell$-polynomials evaluated on the elementary symmetric functions $\sigma_i(\rsquare)$ and $\sigma_i(\ssquare)$. Each polynomial $\ell_k$ appears as the homogeneous part of degree $k$ in the Hirzebruch multiplicative $L$-sequence. When $n = 8$, the elementary symmetric functions alone determine the relevant normal invariants. Categories:57R65, 57S25

69. CMB 1998 (vol 41 pp. 252)

Yang, Qingjie
 Dihedral groups of automorphisms of compact Riemann surfaces In this note we determine which dihedral subgroups of $\GL_g(\D C)$ can be realized by group actions on Riemann surfaces of genus $g>1$. Category:57H20

70. CMB 1998 (vol 41 pp. 140)

Bullock, Doug; Frohman, Charles; Kania-Bartoszyńska, Joanna
 Skein homology A new class of homology groups associated to a 3-manifold is defined. The theories measure the syzygies between skein relations in a skein module. We investigate some of the properties of the homology theory associated to the Kauffman bracket. Categories:57M25, 57M99
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