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51. CMB 2009 (vol 40 pp. 198)

Meldrum, J. D. P.; Meyer, J. H.
 The ${\cal J}_0$-radical of a matrix nearring can be intermediate An example is constructed to show that the ${\cal J}_0$-radical of a matrix nearring can be an intermediate ideal. This solves a conjecture put forward in [1]. Categories:16Y30, 16S50, 16D25

52. CMB 2009 (vol 40 pp. 221)

 On semiregular rings whose finitely generated modules embed in free modules We consider rings as in the title and find the precise obstacle for them not to be Quasi-Frobenius, thus shedding new light on an old open question in Ring Theory. We also find several partial affirmative answers for that question. Categories:16D10, 16L60, 16N20

53. CMB 2009 (vol 40 pp. 47)

Hartl, Manfred
 A universal coefficient decomposition for subgroups induced by submodules of group algebras Dimension subgroups and Lie dimension subgroups are known to satisfy a universal coefficient decomposition', {\it i.e.} their value with respect to an arbitrary coefficient ring can be described in terms of their values with respect to the universal' coefficient rings given by the cyclic groups of infinite and prime power order. Here this fact is generalized to much more general types of induced subgroups, notably covering Fox subgroups and relative dimension subgroups with respect to group algebra filtrations induced by arbitrary $N$-series, as well as certain common generalisations of these which occur in the study of the former. This result relies on an extension of the principal universal coefficient decomposition theorem on polynomial ideals (due to Passi, Parmenter and Seghal), to all additive subgroups of group rings. This is possible by using homological instead of ring theoretical methods. Keywords:induced subgroups, group algebras, Fox subgroups, relative dimension, subgroups, polynomial idealsCategories:20C07, 16A27

54. CMB 2009 (vol 40 pp. 103)

 The transfer of a commutator law from a nil-ring to its adjoint group For every field $F$ of characteristic $p\geq 0$, we construct an example of a finite dimensional nilpotent $F$-algebra $R$ whose adjoint group $A(R)$ is not centre-by-metabelian, in spite of the fact that $R$ is Lie centre-by-metabelian and satisfies the identities $x^{2p}=0$ when $p>2$ and $x^8=0$ when $p=2$. The existence of such algebras answers a question raised by A.~E.~Zalesskii, and is in contrast to positive results obtained by Krasilnikov, Sharma and Srivastava for Lie metabelian rings and by Smirnov for the class Lie centre-by-metabelian nil-algebras of exponent 4 over a field of characteristic 2 of cardinality at least 4. Categories:16U60, 17B60

55. CMB 2009 (vol 52 pp. 267)

Ko\c{s}an, Muhammet Tamer
 Extensions of Rings Having McCoy Condition Let $R$ be an associative ring with unity. Then $R$ is said to be a {\it right McCoy ring} when the equation $f(x)g(x)=0$ (over $R[x]$), where $0\neq f(x),g(x) \in R[x]$, implies that there exists a nonzero element $c\in R$ such that $f(x)c=0$. In this paper, we characterize some basic ring extensions of right McCoy rings and we prove that if $R$ is a right McCoy ring, then $R[x]/(x^n)$ is a right McCoy ring for any positive integer $n\geq 2$ . Keywords:right McCoy ring, Armendariz ring, reduced ring, reversible ring, semicommutative ringCategories:16D10, 16D80, 16R50

56. CMB 2009 (vol 52 pp. 145)

Wang, Z.; Chen, J. L.
 $2$-Clean Rings A ring $R$ is said to be $n$-clean if every element can be written as a sum of an idempotent and $n$ units. The class of these rings contains clean rings and $n$-good rings in which each element is a sum of $n$ units. In this paper, we show that for any ring $R$, the endomorphism ring of a free $R$-module of rank at least 2 is $2$-clean and that the ring $B(R)$ of all $\omega\times \omega$ row and column-finite matrices over any ring $R$ is $2$-clean. Finally, the group ring $RC_{n}$ is considered where $R$ is a local ring. Keywords:$2$-clean rings, $2$-good rings, free modules, row and column-finite matrix rings, group ringsCategories:16D70, 16D40, 16S50

57. CMB 2009 (vol 52 pp. 39)

Cimpri\v{c}, Jakob
 A Representation Theorem for Archimedean Quadratic Modules on $*$-Rings We present a new approach to noncommutative real algebraic geometry based on the representation theory of $C^\ast$-algebras. An important result in commutative real algebraic geometry is Jacobi's representation theorem for archimedean quadratic modules on commutative rings. We show that this theorem is a consequence of the Gelfand--Naimark representation theorem for commutative $C^\ast$-algebras. A noncommutative version of Gelfand--Naimark theory was studied by I. Fujimoto. We use his results to generalize Jacobi's theorem to associative rings with involution. Keywords:Ordered rings with involution, $C^\ast$-algebras and their representations, noncommutative convexity theory, real algebraic geometryCategories:16W80, 46L05, 46L89, 14P99

58. CMB 2008 (vol 51 pp. 424)

Novelli, Jean-Christophe; Thibon, Jean-Yves
 Noncommutative Symmetric Bessel Functions The consideration of tensor products of $0$-Hecke algebra modules leads to natural analogs of the Bessel $J$-functions in the algebra of noncommutative symmetric functions. This provides a simple explanation of various combinatorial properties of Bessel functions. Categories:05E05, 16W30, 05A15

59. CMB 2008 (vol 51 pp. 460)

Smoktunowicz, Agata
 On Primitive Ideals in Graded Rings Let $R=\bigoplus_{i=1}^{\infty}R_{i}$ be a graded nil ring. It is shown that primitive ideals in $R$ are homogeneous. Let $A=\bigoplus_{i=1}^{\infty}A_{i}$ be a graded non-PI just-infinite dimensional algebra and let $I$ be a prime ideal in $A$. It is shown that either $I=\{0\}$ or $I=A$. Moreover, $A$ is either primitive or Jacobson radical. Categories:16D60, 16W50

60. CMB 2008 (vol 51 pp. 261)

Neeb, Karl-Hermann
 On the Classification of Rational Quantum Tori and the Structure of Their Automorphism Groups An $n$-dimensional quantum torus is a twisted group algebra of the group $\Z^n$. It is called rational if all invertible commutators are roots of unity. In the present note we describe a normal form for rational $n$-dimensional quantum tori over any field. Moreover, we show that for $n = 2$ the natural exact sequence describing the automorphism group of the quantum torus splits over any field. Keywords:quantum torus, normal form, automorphisms of quantum toriCategory:16S35

61. CMB 2008 (vol 51 pp. 291)

Spinelli, Ernesto
 Group Algebras with Minimal Strong Lie Derived Length Let $KG$ be a non-commutative strongly Lie solvable group algebra of a group $G$ over a field $K$ of positive characteristic $p$. In this note we state necessary and sufficient conditions so that the strong Lie derived length of $KG$ assumes its minimal value, namely $\lceil \log_{2}(p+1)\rceil$. Keywords:group algebras, strong Lie derived lengthCategories:16S34, 17B30

62. CMB 2008 (vol 51 pp. 81)

Kassel, Christian
 Homotopy Formulas for Cyclic Groups Acting on Rings The positive cohomology groups of a finite group acting on a ring vanish when the ring has a norm one element. In this note we give explicit homotopies on the level of cochains when the group is cyclic, which allows us to express any cocycle of a cyclic group as the coboundary of an explicit cochain. The formulas in this note are closely related to the effective problems considered in previous joint work with Eli Aljadeff. Keywords:group cohomology, norm map, cyclic group, homotopyCategories:20J06, 20K01, 16W22, 18G35

63. CMB 2007 (vol 50 pp. 105)

Klep, Igor
 On Valuations, Places and Graded Rings Associated to $*$-Orderings We study natural $*$-valuations, $*$-places and graded $*$-rings associated with $*$-ordered rings. We prove that the natural $*$-valuation is always quasi-Ore and is even quasi-commutative (\emph{i.e.,} the corresponding graded $*$-ring is commutative), provided the ring contains an imaginary unit. Furthermore, it is proved that the graded $*$-ring is isomorphic to a twisted semigroup algebra. Our results are applied to answer a question of Cimpri\v c regarding $*$-orderability of quantum groups. Keywords:$*$--orderings, valuations, rings with involutionCategories:14P10, 16S30, 16W10

64. CMB 2006 (vol 49 pp. 347)

Ecker, Jürgen
 Affine Completeness of Generalised Dihedral Groups In this paper we study affine completeness of generalised dihedral groups. We give a formula for the number of unary compatible functions on these groups, and we characterise for every $k \in~\N$ the $k$-affine complete generalised dihedral groups. We find that the direct product of a $1$-affine complete group with itself need not be $1$-affine complete. Finally, we give an example of a nonabelian solvable affine complete group. For nilpotent groups we find a strong necessary condition for $2$-affine completeness. Categories:08A40, 16Y30, 20F05

65. CMB 2006 (vol 49 pp. 265)

Nicholson, W. K.; Zhou, Y.
 Endomorphisms That Are the Sum of a Unit and a Root of a Fixed Polynomial If $C=C(R)$ denotes the center of a ring $R$ and $g(x)$ is a polynomial in C[x]$, Camillo and Sim\'{o}n called a ring$g(x)$-clean if every element is the sum of a unit and a root of$g(x)$. If$V$is a vector space of countable dimension over a division ring$D,$they showed that$\end {}_{D}V$is$g(x)$-clean provided that$g(x)$has two roots in$C(D)$. If$g(x)=x-x^{2}$this shows that$\end {}_{D}V$is clean, a result of Nicholson and Varadarajan. In this paper we remove the countable condition, and in fact prove that$\Mend {}_{R}M$is$g(x)$-clean for any semisimple module$M$over an arbitrary ring$R$provided that$g(x)\in (x-a)(x-b)C[x]$where$a,b\in C$and both$b$and$b-a$are units in$R$. Keywords:Clean rings, linear transformations, endomorphism ringsCategories:16S50, 16E50 66. CMB 2005 (vol 48 pp. 587) Lopes, Samuel A.  Separation of Variables for$U_{q}(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})^{+}$Let$U_{q}(\SL)^{+}$be the positive part of the quantized enveloping algebra$U_{q}(\SL)$. Using results of Alev--Dumas and Caldero related to the center of$U_{q}(\SL)^{+}$, we show that this algebra is free over its center. This is reminiscent of Kostant's separation of variables for the enveloping algebra$U(\g)$of a complex semisimple Lie algebra$\g$, and also of an analogous result of Joseph--Letzter for the quantum algebra$\Check{U}_{q}(\g)$. Of greater importance to its representation theory is the fact that$\U{+}$is free over a larger polynomial subalgebra$N$in$n$variables. Induction from$N$to$\U{+}$provides infinite-dimensional modules with good properties, including a grading that is inherited by submodules. Categories:17B37, 16W35, 17B10, 16D60 67. CMB 2005 (vol 48 pp. 445) Patras, Frédéric; Reutenauer, Christophe; Schocker, Manfred  On the Garsia Lie Idempotent The orthogonal projection of the free associative algebra onto the free Lie algebra is afforded by an idempotent in the rational group algebra of the symmetric group$S_n$, in each homogenous degree$n$. We give various characterizations of this Lie idempotent and show that it is uniquely determined by a certain unit in the group algebra of$S_{n-1}$. The inverse of this unit, or, equivalently, the Gram matrix of the orthogonal projection, is described explicitly. We also show that the Garsia Lie idempotent is not constant on descent classes (in fact, not even on coplactic classes) in$S_n$. Categories:17B01, 05A99, 16S30, 17B60 68. CMB 2005 (vol 48 pp. 355) Chebotar, M. A.; Ke, W.-F.; Lee, P.-H.; Shiao, L.-S.  On Maps Preserving Products Maps preserving certain algebraic properties of elements are often studied in Functional Analysis and Linear Algebra. The goal of this paper is to discuss the relationships among these problems from the ring-theoretic point of view. Categories:16W20, 16N50, 16N60 69. CMB 2005 (vol 48 pp. 275) Smith, Patrick F.  Krull Dimension of Injective Modules Over Commutative Noetherian Rings Let$R$be a commutative Noetherian integral domain with field of fractions$Q$. Generalizing a forty-year-old theorem of E. Matlis, we prove that the$R$-module$Q/R$(or$Q$) has Krull dimension if and only if$R$is semilocal and one-dimensional. Moreover, if$X$is an injective module over a commutative Noetherian ring such that$X$has Krull dimension, then the Krull dimension of$X$is at most$1$. Categories:13E05, 16D50, 16P60 70. CMB 2005 (vol 48 pp. 317) Yousif, Mohamed F.; Zhou, Yiqiang; Zeyada, Nasr  On Pseudo-Frobenius Rings It is proved here that a ring$R$is right pseudo-Frobenius if and only if$R $is a right Kasch ring such that the second right singular ideal is injective. Categories:16D50, 16L60 71. CMB 2005 (vol 48 pp. 80) Herman, Allen; Li, Yuanlin; Parmenter, M. M.  Trivial Units for Group Rings with$G$-adapted Coefficient Rings For each finite group$G$for which the integral group ring$\mathbb{Z}G$has only trivial units, we give ring-theoretic conditions for a commutative ring$R$under which the group ring$RG$has nontrivial units. Several examples of rings satisfying the conditions and rings not satisfying the conditions are given. In addition, we extend a well-known result for fields by showing that if$R$is a ring of finite characteristic and$RG$has only trivial units, then$G$has order at most 3. Categories:16S34, 16U60, 20C05 72. CMB 2004 (vol 47 pp. 445) Pirkovskii, A. Yu.  Biprojectivity and Biflatness for Convolution Algebras of Nuclear Operators For a locally compact group$G$, the convolution product on the space$\nN(L^p(G))$of nuclear operators was defined by Neufang \cite{Neuf_PhD}. We study homological properties of the convolution algebra$\nN(L^p(G))$and relate them to some properties of the group$G$, such as compactness, finiteness, discreteness, and amenability. Categories:46M10, 46H25, 43A20, 16E65 73. CMB 2004 (vol 47 pp. 343) Drensky, Vesselin; Hammoudi, Lakhdar  Combinatorics of Words and Semigroup Algebras Which Are Sums of Locally Nilpotent Subalgebras We construct new examples of non-nil algebras with any number of generators, which are direct sums of two locally nilpotent subalgebras. Like all previously known examples, our examples are contracted semigroup algebras and the underlying semigroups are unions of locally nilpotent subsemigroups. In our constructions we make more transparent than in the past the close relationship between the considered problem and combinatorics of words. Keywords:locally nilpotent rings,, nil rings, locally nilpotent semigroups,, semigroup algebras, monomial algebras, infinite wordsCategories:16N40, 16S15, 20M05, 20M25, 68R15 74. CMB 2003 (vol 46 pp. 14) Bahturin, Yu. A.; Parmenter, M. M.  Generalized Commutativity in Group Algebras We study group algebras$FG$which can be graded by a finite abelian group$\Gamma$such that$FG$is$\beta$-commutative for a skew-symmetric bicharacter$\beta$on$\Gamma$with values in$F^*$. Categories:16S34, 16R50, 16U80, 16W10, 16W55 75. CMB 2002 (vol 45 pp. 451) Allison, Bruce; Smirnov, Oleg  Coordinatization Theorems For Graded Algebras In this paper we study simple associative algebras with finite$\mathbb{Z}$-gradings. This is done using a simple algebra$F_g$that has been constructed in Morita theory from a bilinear form$g\colon U\times V\to A$over a simple algebra$A$. We show that finite$\mathbb{Z}$-gradings on$F_g$are in one to one correspondence with certain decompositions of the pair$(U,V)$. We also show that any simple algebra$R$with finite$\mathbb{Z}$-grading is graded isomorphic to$F_g$for some bilinear from$g\colon U\times V \to A$, where the grading on$F_g$is determined by a decomposition of$(U,V)$and the coordinate algebra$A$is chosen as a simple ideal of the zero component$R_0$of$R\$. In order to prove these results we first prove similar results for simple algebras with Peirce gradings. Category:16W50
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