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1. CJM Online first

Mihara, Tomoki
 Cohomological Approach to Class Field Theory in Arithmetic Topology We establish class field theory for $3$-dimensional manifolds and knots. For this purpose, we formulate analogues of the multiplicative group, the idÃ¨le class group, and ray class groups in a cocycle-theoretic way. Following the arguments in abstract class field theory, we construct reciprocity maps and verify the existence theorems. Keywords:arithmetic topology, class field theory, branched covering, knots and prime numbersCategories:11Z05, 18F15, 55N20, 57P05

2. CJM Online first

 The mod two cohomology of the moduli space of rank two stable bundles on a surface and skew Schur polynomials We compute cup product pairings in the integral cohomology ring of the moduli space of rank two stable bundles with odd determinant over a Riemann surface using methods of Zagier. The resulting formula is related to a generating function for certain skew Schur polynomials. As an application, we compute the nilpotency degree of a distinguished degree two generator in the mod two cohomology ring. We then give descriptions of the mod two cohomology rings in low genus, and describe the subrings invariant under the mapping class group action. Keywords:stable bundle, mod two cohomology, skew schur polynomialCategories:14D20, 57R58

3. CJM 2018 (vol 70 pp. 983)

Conway, Anthony
 An Explicit Computation of the Blanchfield Pairing for Arbitrary Links Given a link $L$, the Blanchfield pairing $\operatorname{Bl}(L)$ is a pairing which is defined on the torsion submodule of the Alexander module of $L$. In some particular cases, namely if $L$ is a boundary link or if the Alexander module of $L$ is torsion, $\operatorname{Bl}(L)$ can be computed explicitly; however no formula is known in general. In this article, we compute the Blanchfield pairing of any link, generalizing the aforementioned results. As a corollary, we obtain a new proof that the Blanchfield pairing is hermitian. Finally, we also obtain short proofs of several properties of $\operatorname{Bl}(L)$. Keywords:link, Blanchfield pairing, C-complex, Alexander moduleCategory:57M25

4. CJM 2018 (vol 70 pp. 1130)

Rushworth, William
 Doubled Khovanov Homology We define a homology theory of virtual links built out of the direct sum of the standard Khovanov complex with itself, motivating the name doubled Khovanov homology. We demonstrate that it can be used to show that some virtual links are non-classical, and that it yields a condition on a virtual knot being the connect sum of two unknots. Further, we show that doubled Khovanov homology possesses a perturbation analogous to that defined by Lee in the classical case and define a doubled Rasmussen invariant. This invariant is used to obtain various cobordism obstructions; in particular it is an obstruction to sliceness. Finally, we show that the doubled Rasmussen invariant contains the odd writhe of a virtual knot, and use this to show that knots with non-zero odd writhe are not slice. Keywords:Khovanov homology, virtual knot concordance, virtual knot theoryCategories:57M25, 57M27, 57N70

5. CJM 2017 (vol 69 pp. 851)

Pronk, Dorette; Scull, Laura
 Erratum: Translation Groupoids and Orbifold Cohomology We correct an error in the proof of a lemma in "Translation Groupoids and Orbifold Cohomology", Canadian J. Math Vol 62 (3), pp 614-645 (2010). This error was pointed out to the authors by Li Du of the Georg-August-UniversitÃ¤t at Gottingen, who also suggested the outline for the corrected proof. Keywords:orbifold, equivariant homotopy theory, translation groupoid, bicategory of fractionsCategory:57S15

6. CJM 2016 (vol 69 pp. 1201)

Abe, Tetsuya; Tagami, Keiji
 Characterization of Positive Links and the $s$-invariant for Links We characterize positive links in terms of strong quasipositivity, homogeneity and the value of Rasmussen and Beliakova-Wehrli's $s$-invariant. We also study almost positive links, in particular, determine the $s$-invariants of almost positive links. This result suggests that all almost positive links might be strongly quasipositive. On the other hand, it implies that almost positive links are never homogeneous links. Keywords:knot, $s$-invariant, positive link, almost positive linkCategories:57M25, 57M27

7. CJM 2016 (vol 69 pp. 767)

Choi, Suyoung; Park, Hanchul
 Wedge Operations and Torus Symmetries II A fundamental idea in toric topology is that classes of manifolds with well-behaved torus actions (simply, toric spaces) are classified by pairs of simplicial complexes and (non-singular) characteristic maps. The authors in their previous paper provided a new way to find all characteristic maps on a simplicial complex $K(J)$ obtainable by a sequence of wedgings from $K$. The main idea was that characteristic maps on $K$ theoretically determine all possible characteristic maps on a wedge of $K$. In this work, we further develop our previous work for classification of toric spaces. For a star-shaped simplicial sphere $K$ of dimension $n-1$ with $m$ vertices, the Picard number $\operatorname{Pic}(K)$ of $K$ is $m-n$. We refer to $K$ as a seed if $K$ cannot be obtained by wedgings. First, we show that, for a fixed positive integer $\ell$, there are at most finitely many seeds of Picard number $\ell$ supporting characteristic maps. As a corollary, the conjecture proposed by V.V. Batyrev in 1991 is solved affirmatively. Second, we investigate a systematic method to find all characteristic maps on $K(J)$ using combinatorial objects called (realizable) puzzles that only depend on a seed $K$. These two facts lead to a practical way to classify the toric spaces of fixed Picard number. Keywords:puzzle, toric variety, simplicial wedge, characteristic mapCategories:57S25, 14M25, 52B11, 13F55, 18A10

8. CJM 2016 (vol 68 pp. 1201)

Banks, Jessica; Rathbun, Matt
 Monodromy Action on Unknotting Tunnels in Fiber Surfaces In \cite{RatTOFL}, the second author showed that a tunnel of a tunnel number one, fibered link in $S^3$ can be isotoped to lie as a properly embedded arc in the fiber surface of the link. In this paper, we observe that this is true for fibered links in any 3-manifold, we analyze how the arc behaves under the monodromy action, and we show that the tunnel arc is nearly clean, with the possible exception of twisting around the boundary of the fiber. Keywords:fibered, monodromy, tunnel, cleanCategory:57M25

9. CJM 2016 (vol 68 pp. 445)

Martins, Luciana de Fátima; Saji, Kentaro
 Geometric Invariants of Cuspidal Edges We give a normal form of the cuspidal edge which uses only diffeomorphisms on the source and isometries on the target. Using this normal form, we study differential geometric invariants of cuspidal edges which determine them up to order three. We also clarify relations between these invariants. Keywords:cuspidal edge, curvature, wave frontsCategories:57R45, 53A05, 53A55

10. CJM 2016 (vol 68 pp. 655)

 Discrete Curvature and Abelian Groups We study a natural discrete Bochner-type inequality on graphs, and explore its merit as a notion of curvature'' in discrete spaces. An appealing feature of this discrete version of the so-called $\Gamma_2$-calculus (of Bakry-Ãmery) seems to be that it is fairly straightforward to compute this notion of curvature parameter for several specific graphs of interest -- particularly, abelian groups, slices of the hypercube, and the symmetric group under various sets of generators. We further develop this notion by deriving Buser-type inequalities (Ã  la Ledoux), relating functional and isoperimetric constants associated with a graph. Our derivations provide a tight bound on the Cheeger constant (i.e., the edge-isoperimetric constant) in terms of the spectral gap, for graphs with nonnegative curvature, particularly, the class of abelian Cayley graphs -- a result of independent interest. Keywords:Ricci curvature, graph theory, abelian groupsCategories:53C21, 57M15

11. CJM 2015 (vol 68 pp. 3)

Boden, Hans Ulysses; Curtis, Cynthia L
 The SL$(2, C)$ Casson Invariant for Knots and the $\hat{A}$-polynomial In this paper, we extend the definition of the ${SL(2, {\mathbb C})}$ Casson invariant to arbitrary knots $K$ in integral homology 3-spheres and relate it to the $m$-degree of the $\widehat{A}$-polynomial of $K$. We prove a product formula for the $\widehat{A}$-polynomial of the connected sum $K_1 \# K_2$ of two knots in $S^3$ and deduce additivity of ${SL(2, {\mathbb C})}$ Casson knot invariant under connected sum for a large class of knots in $S^3$. We also present an example of a nontrivial knot $K$ in $S^3$ with trivial $\widehat{A}$-polynomial and trivial ${SL(2, {\mathbb C})}$ Casson knot invariant, showing that neither of these invariants detect the unknot. Keywords:Knots, 3-manifolds, character variety, Casson invariant, $A$-polynomialCategories:57M27, 57M25, 57M05

12. CJM 2014 (vol 67 pp. 152)

Lescop, Christine
 On Homotopy Invariants of Combings of Three-manifolds Combings of compact, oriented $3$-dimensional manifolds $M$ are homotopy classes of nowhere vanishing vector fields. The Euler class of the normal bundle is an invariant of the combing, and it only depends on the underlying Spin$^c$-structure. A combing is called torsion if this Euler class is a torsion element of $H^2(M;\mathbb Z)$. Gompf introduced a $\mathbb Q$-valued invariant $\theta_G$ of torsion combings on closed $3$-manifolds, and he showed that $\theta_G$ distinguishes all torsion combings with the same Spin$^c$-structure. We give an alternative definition for $\theta_G$ and we express its variation as a linking number. We define a similar invariant $p_1$ of combings for manifolds bounded by $S^2$. We relate $p_1$ to the $\Theta$-invariant, which is the simplest configuration space integral invariant of rational homology $3$-balls, by the formula $\Theta=\frac14p_1 + 6 \lambda(\hat{M})$ where $\lambda$ is the Casson-Walker invariant. The article also includes a self-contained presentation of combings for $3$-manifolds. Keywords:Spin$^c$-structure, nowhere zero vector fields, first Pontrjagin class, Euler class, Heegaard Floer homology grading, Gompf invariant, Theta invariant, Casson-Walker invariant, perturbative expansion of Chern-Simons theory, configuration space integralsCategories:57M27, 57R20, 57N10

13. CJM 2013 (vol 66 pp. 141)

Caillat-Gibert, Shanti; Matignon, Daniel
 Existence of Taut Foliations on Seifert Fibered Homology $3$-spheres This paper concerns the problem of existence of taut foliations among $3$-manifolds. Since the contribution of David Gabai, we know that closed $3$-manifolds with non-trivial second homology group admit a taut foliation. The essential part of this paper focuses on Seifert fibered homology $3$-spheres. The result is quite different if they are integral or rational but non-integral homology $3$-spheres. Concerning integral homology $3$-spheres, we can see that all but the $3$-sphere and the PoincarÃ© $3$-sphere admit a taut foliation. Concerning non-integral homology $3$-spheres, we prove there are infinitely many which admit a taut foliation, and infinitely many without taut foliation. Moreover, we show that the geometries do not determine the existence of taut foliations on non-integral Seifert fibered homology $3$-spheres. Keywords:homology 3-spheres, taut foliation, Seifert-fibered 3-manifoldsCategories:57M25, 57M50, 57N10, 57M15

14. CJM 2013 (vol 66 pp. 453)

Vaz, Pedro; Wagner, Emmanuel
 A Remark on BMW algebra, $q$-Schur Algebras and Categorification We prove that the 2-variable BMW algebra embeds into an algebra constructed from the HOMFLY-PT polynomial. We also prove that the $\mathfrak{so}_{2N}$-BMW algebra embeds in the $q$-Schur algebra of type $A$. We use these results to suggest a schema providing categorifications of the $\mathfrak{so}_{2N}$-BMW algebra. Keywords:tangle algebras, BMW algebra, HOMFLY-PT Skein algebra, q-Schur algebra, categorificationCategories:57M27, 81R50, 17B37, 16W99

15. CJM 2012 (vol 65 pp. 575)

 The Geometry and Fundamental Group of Permutation Products and Fat Diagonals Permutation products and their various fat diagonal'' subspaces are studied from the topological and geometric point of view. We describe in detail the stabilizer and orbit stratifications related to the permutation action, producing a sharp upper bound for its depth and then paying particular attention to the geometry of the diagonal stratum. We write down an expression for the fundamental group of any permutation product of a connected space $X$ having the homotopy type of a CW complex in terms of $\pi_1(X)$ and $H_1(X;\mathbb{Z})$. We then prove that the fundamental group of the configuration space of $n$-points on $X$, of which multiplicities do not exceed $n/2$, coincides with $H_1(X;\mathbb{Z})$. Further results consist in giving conditions for when fat diagonal subspaces of manifolds can be manifolds again. Various examples and homological calculations are included. Keywords:symmetric products, fundamental group, orbit stratificationCategories:14F35, 57F80

16. CJM 2011 (vol 64 pp. 102)

Ishii, Atsushi; Iwakiri, Masahide
 Quandle Cocycle Invariants for Spatial Graphs and Knotted Handlebodies We introduce a flow of a spatial graph and see how invariants for spatial graphs and handlebody-links are derived from those for flowed spatial graphs. We define a new quandle (co)homology by introducing a subcomplex of the rack chain complex. Then we define quandle colorings and quandle cocycle invariants for spatial graphs and handlebody-links. Keywords:quandle cocycle invariant, knotted handlebody, spatial graphCategories:57M27, 57M15, 57M25

17. CJM 2010 (vol 63 pp. 436)

Mine, Kotaro; Sakai, Katsuro
 Simplicial Complexes and Open Subsets of Non-Separable LF-Spaces Let $F$ be a non-separable LF-space homeomorphic to the direct sum $\sum_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \ell_2(\tau_n)$, where $\aleph_0 < \tau_1 < \tau_2 < \cdots$. It is proved that every open subset $U$ of $F$ is homeomorphic to the product $|K| \times F$ for some locally finite-dimensional simplicial complex $K$ such that every vertex $v \in K^{(0)}$ has the star $\operatorname{St}(v,K)$ with $\operatorname{card} \operatorname{St}(v,K)^{(0)} < \tau = \sup\tau_n$ (and $\operatorname{card} K^{(0)} \le \tau$), and, conversely, if $K$ is such a simplicial complex, then the product $|K| \times F$ can be embedded in $F$ as an open set, where $|K|$ is the polyhedron of $K$ with the metric topology. Keywords:LF-space, open set, simplicial complex, metric topology, locally finite-dimensional, star, small box product, ANR, $\ell_2(\tau)$, $\ell_2(\tau)$-manifold, open embedding, $\sum_{i\in\mathbb{N}}\ell_2(\tau_i)$Categories:57N20, 46A13, 46T05, 57N17, 57Q05, 57Q40

18. CJM 2010 (vol 62 pp. 1387)

Pamuk, Mehmetcik
 Homotopy Self-Equivalences of 4-manifolds with Free Fundamental Group We calculate the group of homotopy classes of homotopy self-equivalences of $4$-manifolds with free fundamental group and obtain a classification of such $4$-manifolds up to $s$-cobordism. Categories:57N13, 55P10, 57R80

19. CJM 2010 (vol 62 pp. 994)

Breslin, William
 Curvature Bounds for Surfaces in Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds A triangulation of a hyperbolic $3$-manifold is \emph{L-thick} if each tetrahedron having all vertices in the thick part of $M$ is $L$-bilipschitz diffeomorphic to the standard Euclidean tetrahedron. We show that there exists a fixed constant $L$ such that every complete hyperbolic $3$-manifold has an $L$-thick geodesic triangulation. We use this to prove the existence of universal bounds on the principal curvatures of $\pi_1$-injective surfaces and strongly irreducible Heegaard surfaces in hyperbolic $3$-manifolds. Category:57M50

20. CJM 2009 (vol 62 pp. 614)

Pronk, Dorette; Scull, Laura
 Translation Groupoids and Orbifold Cohomology We show that the bicategory of (representable) orbifolds and good maps is equivalent to the bicategory of orbifold translation groupoids and generalized equivariant maps, giving a mechanism for transferring results from equivariant homotopy theory to the orbifold category. As an application, we use this result to define orbifold versions of a couple of equivariant cohomology theories: K-theory and Bredon cohomology for certain coefficient diagrams. Keywords:orbifolds, equivariant homotopy theory, translation groupoids, bicategories of fractionsCategories:57S15, 55N91, 19L47, 18D05, 18D35

21. CJM 2009 (vol 62 pp. 284)

Grbić, Jelena; Theriault, Stephen
 Self-Maps of Low Rank Lie Groups at Odd Primes Let G be a simple, compact, simply-connected Lie group localized at an odd prime~p. We study the group of homotopy classes of self-maps $[G,G]$ when the rank of G is low and in certain cases describe the set of homotopy classes of multiplicative self-maps $H[G,G]$. The low rank condition gives G certain structural properties which make calculations accessible. Several examples and applications are given. Keywords:Lie group, self-map, H-mapCategories:55P45, 55Q05, 57T20

22. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 1240)

Beliakova, Anna; Wehrli, Stephan
 Categorification of the Colored Jones Polynomial and Rasmussen Invariant of Links We define a family of formal Khovanov brackets of a colored link depending on two parameters. The isomorphism classes of these brackets are invariants of framed colored links. The Bar-Natan functors applied to these brackets produce Khovanov and Lee homology theories categorifying the colored Jones polynomial. Further, we study conditions under which framed colored link cobordisms induce chain transformations between our formal brackets. We conjecture that for special choice of parameters, Khovanov and Lee homology theories of colored links are functorial (up to sign). Finally, we extend the Rasmussen invariant to links and give examples where this invariant is a stronger obstruction to sliceness than the multivariable Levine--Tristram signature. Keywords:Khovanov homology, colored Jones polynomial, slice genus, movie moves, framed cobordismCategories:57M25, 57M27, 18G60

23. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 164)

Lee, Sangyop; Teragaito, Masakazu
 Boundary Structure of Hyperbolic $3$-Manifolds Admitting Annular and Toroidal Fillings at Large Distance For a hyperbolic $3$-manifold $M$ with a torus boundary component, all but finitely many Dehn fillings yield hyperbolic $3$-manifolds. In this paper, we will focus on the situation where $M$ has two exceptional Dehn fillings: an annular filling and a toroidal filling. For such a situation, Gordon gave an upper bound of $5$ for the distance between such slopes. Furthermore, the distance $4$ is realized only by two specific manifolds, and $5$ is realized by a single manifold. These manifolds all have a union of two tori as their boundaries. Also, there is a manifold with three tori as its boundary which realizes the distance $3$. We show that if the distance is $3$ then the boundary of the manifold consists of at most three tori. Keywords:Dehn filling, annular filling, toroidal filling, knotCategories:57M50, 57N10

24. CJM 2007 (vol 59 pp. 418)

Stoimenow, A.
 On Cabled Knots and Vassiliev Invariants (Not) Contained in Knot Polynomials It is known that the Brandt--Lickorish--Millett--Ho polynomial $Q$ contains Casson's knot invariant. Whether there are (essentially) other Vassiliev knot invariants obtainable from $Q$ is an open problem. We show that this is not so up to degree $9$. We also give the (apparently) first examples of knots not distinguished by 2-cable HOMFLY polynomials which are not mutants. Our calculations provide evidence of a negative answer to the question whether Vassiliev knot invariants of degree $d \le 10$ are determined by the HOMFLY and Kauffman polynomials and their 2-cables, and for the existence of algebras of such Vassiliev invariants not isomorphic to the algebras of their weight systems. Categories:57M25, 57M27, 20F36, 57M50

25. CJM 2006 (vol 58 pp. 673)

Bart, Anneke; Scannell, Kevin P.
 The Generalized Cuspidal Cohomology Problem Let $\Gamma \subset \SO(3,1)$ be a lattice. The well known \emph{bending deformations}, introduced by \linebreak Thurston and Apanasov, can be used to construct non-trivial curves of representations of $\Gamma$ into $\SO(4,1)$ when $\Gamma \backslash \hype{3}$ contains an embedded totally geodesic surface. A tangent vector to such a curve is given by a non-zero group cohomology class in $\H^1(\Gamma, \mink{4})$. Our main result generalizes this construction of cohomology to the context of branched'' totally geodesic surfaces. We also consider a natural generalization of the famous cuspidal cohomology problem for the Bianchi groups (to coefficients in non-trivial representations), and perform calculations in a finite range. These calculations lead directly to an interesting example of a link complement in $S^3$ which is not infinitesimally rigid in $\SO(4,1)$. The first order deformations of this link complement are supported on a piecewise totally geodesic $2$-complex. Categories:57M50, 22E40
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