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1. CJM Online first

Barros, Carlos Braga; Rocha, Victor; Souza, Josiney
 Lyapunov Stability and Attraction Under Equivariant Maps Let $M$ and $N$ be admissible Hausdorff topological spaces endowed with admissible families of open coverings. Assume that $\mathcal{S}$ is a semigroup acting on both $M$ and $N$. In this paper we study the behavior of limit sets, prolongations, prolongational limit sets, attracting sets, attractors and Lyapunov stable sets (all concepts defined for the action of the semigroup $\mathcal{S}$) under equivariant maps and semiconjugations from $M$ to $N$. Keywords:Lyapunov stability, semigroup actions, generalized flows, equivariant maps, admissible topological spacesCategories:37B25, 37C75, 34C27, 34D05

2. CJM Online first

Nystedt, Patrik; Öinert, Johan
 Outer Partial Actions and Partial Skew Group Rings We extend the classicial notion of an outer action $\alpha$ of a group $G$ on a unital ring $A$ to the case when $\alpha$ is a partial action on ideals, all of which have local units. We show that if $\alpha$ is an outer partial action of an abelian group $G$, then its associated partial skew group ring $A \star_\alpha G$ is simple if and only if $A$ is $G$-simple. This result is applied to partial skew group rings associated with two different types of partial dynamical systems. Keywords:outer action, partial action, minimality, topological dynamics, partial skew group ring, simplicityCategories:16W50, 37B05, 37B99, 54H15, 54H20

3. CJM Online first

Di Nasso, Mauro; Goldbring, Isaac; Jin, Renling; Leth, Steven; Lupini, Martino; Mahlburg, Karl
 On a sumset conjecture of ErdÅs ErdÅs conjectured that for any set $A\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ with positive lower asymptotic density, there are infinite sets $B,C\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ such that $B+C\subseteq A$. We verify ErdÅs' conjecture in the case that $A$ has Banach density exceeding $\frac{1}{2}$. As a consequence, we prove that, for $A\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ with positive Banach density (a much weaker assumption than positive lower density), we can find infinite $B,C\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ such that $B+C$ is contained in the union of $A$ and a translate of $A$. Both of the aforementioned results are generalized to arbitrary countable amenable groups. We also provide a positive solution to ErdÅs' conjecture for subsets of the natural numbers that are pseudorandom. Keywords:sumsets of integers, asymptotic density, amenable groups, nonstandard analysisCategories:11B05, 11B13, 11P70, 28D15, 37A45

4. CJM 2014 (vol 67 pp. 90)

Bousch, Thierry
 Une propriÃ©tÃ© de domination convexe pour les orbites sturmiennes Let ${\bf x}=(x_0,x_1,\ldots)$ be a $N$-periodic sequence of integers ($N\ge1$), and ${\bf s}$ a sturmian sequence with the same barycenter (and also $N$-periodic, consequently). It is shown that, for affine functions $\alpha:\mathbb R^\mathbb N_{(N)}\to\mathbb R$ which are increasing relatively to some order $\le_2$ on $\mathbb R^\mathbb N_{(N)}$ (the space of all $N$-periodic sequences), the average of $|\alpha|$ on the orbit of ${\bf x}$ is greater than its average on the orbit of ${\bf s}$. Keywords:suite sturmienne, domination convexe, optimisation ergodiqueCategories:37D35, 49N20, 90C27

5. CJM 2014 (vol 67 pp. 330)

Bernardes, Nilson C.; Vermersch, Rômulo M.
 Hyperspace Dynamics of Generic Maps of the Cantor Space We study the hyperspace dynamics induced from generic continuous maps and from generic homeomorphisms of the Cantor space, with emphasis on the notions of Li-Yorke chaos, distributional chaos, topological entropy, chain continuity, shadowing and recurrence. Keywords:cantor space, continuous maps, homeomorphisms, hyperspace, dynamicsCategories:37B99, 54H20, 54E52

6. CJM 2013 (vol 66 pp. 57)

Bezuglyi, S.; Kwiatkowski, J.; Yassawi, R.
 Perfect Orderings on Finite Rank Bratteli Diagrams Given a Bratteli diagram $B$, we study the set $\mathcal O_B$ of all possible orderings on $B$ and its subset $\mathcal P_B$ consisting of perfect orderings that produce Bratteli-Vershik topological dynamical systems (Vershik maps). We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the ordering $\omega$ to be perfect. On the other hand, a wide class of non-simple Bratteli diagrams that do not admit Vershik maps is explicitly described. In the case of finite rank Bratteli diagrams, we show that the existence of perfect orderings with a prescribed number of extreme paths constrains significantly the values of the entries of the incidence matrices and the structure of the diagram $B$. Our proofs are based on the new notions of skeletons and associated graphs, defined and studied in the paper. For a Bratteli diagram $B$ of rank $k$, we endow the set $\mathcal O_B$ with product measure $\mu$ and prove that there is some $1 \leq j\leq k$ such that $\mu$-almost all orderings on $B$ have $j$ maximal and $j$ minimal paths. If $j$ is strictly greater than the number of minimal components that $B$ has, then $\mu$-almost all orderings are imperfect. Keywords:Bratteli diagrams, Vershik mapsCategories:37B10, 37A20

7. CJM 2013 (vol 65 pp. 1287)

Reihani, Kamran
 $K$-theory of Furstenberg Transformation Group $C^*$-algebras The paper studies the $K$-theoretic invariants of the crossed product $C^{*}$-algebras associated with an important family of homeomorphisms of the tori $\mathbb{T}^{n}$ called Furstenberg transformations. Using the Pimsner-Voiculescu theorem, we prove that given $n$, the $K$-groups of those crossed products, whose corresponding $n\times n$ integer matrices are unipotent of maximal degree, always have the same rank $a_{n}$. We show using the theory developed here that a claim made in the literature about the torsion subgroups of these $K$-groups is false. Using the representation theory of the simple Lie algebra $\frak{sl}(2,\mathbb{C})$, we show that, remarkably, $a_{n}$ has a combinatorial significance. For example, every $a_{2n+1}$ is just the number of ways that $0$ can be represented as a sum of integers between $-n$ and $n$ (with no repetitions). By adapting an argument of van Lint (in which he answered a question of ErdÅs), a simple, explicit formula for the asymptotic behavior of the sequence $\{a_{n}\}$ is given. Finally, we describe the order structure of the $K_{0}$-groups of an important class of Furstenberg crossed products, obtaining their complete Elliott invariant using classification results of H. Lin and N. C. Phillips. Keywords:$K$-theory, transformation group $C^*$-algebra, Furstenberg transformation, Anzai transformation, minimal homeomorphism, positive cone, minimal homeomorphismCategories:19K14, 19K99, 46L35, 46L80, , 05A15, 05A16, 05A17, 15A36, 17B10, 17B20, 37B05, 54H20

8. CJM 2013 (vol 67 pp. 450)

Santoprete, Manuele; Scheurle, Jürgen; Walcher, Sebastian
 Motion in a Symmetric Potential on the Hyperbolic Plane We study the motion of a particle in the hyperbolic plane (embedded in Minkowski space), under the action of a potential that depends only on one variable. This problem is the analogous to the spherical pendulum in a unidirectional force field. However, for the discussion of the hyperbolic plane one has to distinguish three inequivalent cases, depending on the direction of the force field. Symmetry reduction, with respect to groups that are not necessarily compact or even reductive, is carried out by way of Poisson varieties and Hilbert maps. For each case the dynamics is discussed, with special attention to linear potentials. Keywords:Hamiltonian systems with symmetry, symmetries, non-compact symmetry groups, singular reductionCategories:37J15, 70H33, 70F99, 37C80, 34C14, , 20G20

9. CJM 2013 (vol 65 pp. 1384)

Wright, Paul
 Estimates of Hausdorff Dimension for Non-wandering Sets of Higher Dimensional Open Billiards This article concerns a class of open billiards consisting of a finite number of strictly convex, non-eclipsing obstacles $K$. The non-wandering set $M_0$ of the billiard ball map is a topological Cantor set and its Hausdorff dimension has been previously estimated for billiards in $\mathbb{R}^2$, using well-known techniques. We extend these estimates to billiards in $\mathbb{R}^n$, and make various refinements to the estimates. These refinements also allow improvements to other results. We also show that in many cases, the non-wandering set is confined to a particular subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$ formed by the convex hull of points determined by period 2 orbits. This allows more accurate bounds on the constants used in estimating Hausdorff dimension. Keywords:dynamical systems, billiards, dimension, HausdorffCategories:37D20, 37D40

10. CJM 2012 (vol 65 pp. 553)

Godinho, Leonor; Sousa-Dias, M. E.
 Addendum and Erratum to "The Fundamental Group of $S^1$-manifolds" This paper provides an addendum and erratum to L. Godinho and M. E. Sousa-Dias, "The Fundamental Group of $S^1$-manifolds". Canad. J. Math. 62(2010), no. 5, 1082--1098. Keywords:symplectic reduction; fundamental groupCategories:53D19, 37J10, 55Q05

11. CJM 2012 (vol 65 pp. 349)

Müller, Peter; Richard, Christoph
 Ergodic Properties of Randomly Coloured Point Sets We provide a framework for studying randomly coloured point sets in a locally compact, second-countable space on which a metrisable unimodular group acts continuously and properly. We first construct and describe an appropriate dynamical system for uniformly discrete uncoloured point sets. For point sets of finite local complexity, we characterise ergodicity geometrically in terms of pattern frequencies. The general framework allows to incorporate a random colouring of the point sets. We derive an ergodic theorem for randomly coloured point sets with finite-range dependencies. Special attention is paid to the exclusion of exceptional instances for uniquely ergodic systems. The setup allows for a straightforward application to randomly coloured graphs. Keywords:Delone sets, dynamical systemsCategories:37B50, 37A30

12. CJM 2012 (vol 64 pp. 318)

Ingram, Patrick
 Cubic Polynomials with Periodic Cycles of a Specified Multiplier We consider cubic polynomials $f(z)=z^3+az+b$ defined over $\mathbb{C}(\lambda)$, with a marked point of period $N$ and multiplier $\lambda$. In the case $N=1$, there are infinitely many such objects, and in the case $N\geq 3$, only finitely many (subject to a mild assumption). The case $N=2$ has particularly rich structure, and we are able to describe all such cubic polynomials defined over the field $\bigcup_{n\geq 1}\mathbb{C}(\lambda^{1/n})$. Keywords:cubic polynomials, periodic points, holomorphic dynamicsCategory:37P35

13. CJM 2011 (vol 65 pp. 149)

Kellendonk, Johannes; Lenz, Daniel
 Equicontinuous Delone Dynamical Systems We characterize equicontinuous Delone dynamical systems as those coming from Delone sets with strongly almost periodic Dirac combs. Within the class of systems with finite local complexity, the only equicontinuous systems are then shown to be the crystallographic ones. On the other hand, within the class without finite local complexity, we exhibit examples of equicontinuous minimal Delone dynamical systems that are not crystallographic. Our results solve the problem posed by Lagarias as to whether a Delone set whose Dirac comb is strongly almost periodic must be crystallographic. Keywords:Delone sets, tilings, diffraction, topological dynamical systems, almost periodic systemsCategory:37B50

14. CJM 2011 (vol 64 pp. 1341)

Killough, D. B.; Putnam, I. F.
 Bowen Measure From Heteroclinic Points We present a new construction of the entropy-maximizing, invariant probability measure on a Smale space (the Bowen measure). Our construction is based on points that are unstably equivalent to one given point, and stably equivalent to another: heteroclinic points. The spirit of the construction is similar to Bowen's construction from periodic points, though the techniques are very different. We also prove results about the growth rate of certain sets of heteroclinic points, and about the stable and unstable components of the Bowen measure. The approach we take is to prove results through direct computation for the case of a Shift of Finite type, and then use resolving factor maps to extend the results to more general Smale spaces. Keywords:hyperbolic dynamics, Smale spaceCategories:37D20, 37B10

15. CJM 2011 (vol 64 pp. 1058)

Plakhov, Alexander
 Optimal Roughening of Convex Bodies A body moves in a rarefied medium composed of point particles at rest. The particles make elastic reflections when colliding with the body surface, and do not interact with each other. We consider a generalization of Newton's minimal resistance problem: given two bounded convex bodies $C_1$ and $C_2$ such that $C_1 \subset C_2 \subset \mathbb{R}^3$ and $\partial C_1 \cap \partial C_2 = \emptyset$, minimize the resistance in the class of connected bodies $B$ such that $C_1 \subset B \subset C_2$. We prove that the infimum of resistance is zero; that is, there exist "almost perfectly streamlined" bodies. Keywords:billiards, shape optimization, problems of minimal resistance, Newtonian aerodynamics, rough surfaceCategories:37D50, 49Q10

16. CJM 2011 (vol 63 pp. 1201)

Abou Salem, Walid K. ; Sulem, Catherine
 Resonant Tunneling of Fast Solitons through Large Potential Barriers We rigorously study the resonant tunneling of fast solitons through large potential barriers for the nonlinear SchrÃ¶dinger equation in one dimension. Our approach covers the case of general nonlinearities, both local and Hartree (nonlocal). Keywords:nonlinear Schroedinger equations, external potential, solitary waves, long time behavior, resonant tunnelingCategories:37K40, 35Q55, 35Q51

17. CJM 2011 (vol 63 pp. 481)

Baragar, Arthur
 The Ample Cone for a K3 Surface In this paper, we give several pictorial fractal representations of the ample or KÃ¤hler cone for surfaces in a certain class of $K3$ surfaces. The class includes surfaces described by smooth $(2,2,2)$ forms in ${\mathbb P^1\times\mathbb P^1\times \mathbb P^1}$ defined over a sufficiently large number field $K$ that have a line parallel to one of the axes and have Picard number four. We relate the Hausdorff dimension of this fractal to the asymptotic growth of orbits of curves under the action of the surface's group of automorphisms. We experimentally estimate the Hausdorff dimension of the fractal to be $1.296 \pm .010$. Keywords:Fractal, Hausdorff dimension, K3 surface, Kleinian groups, dynamicsCategories:14J28, , , , 14J50, 11D41, 11D72, 11H56, 11G10, 37F35, 37D05

18. CJM 2010 (vol 62 pp. 1082)

Godinho, Leonor; Sousa-Dias, M. E.
 The Fundamental Group of $S^1$-manifolds We address the problem of computing the fundamental group of a symplectic $S^1$-manifold for non-Hamiltonian actions on compact manifolds, and for Hamiltonian actions on non-compact manifolds with a proper moment map. We generalize known results for compact manifolds equipped with a Hamiltonian $S^1$-action. Several examples are presented to illustrate our main results. Categories:53D20, 37J10, 55Q05

19. CJM 2009 (vol 61 pp. 656)

McCutcheon, Randall; Quas, Anthony
 Generalized Polynomials and Mild Mixing An unsettled conjecture of V. Bergelson and I. H\aa land proposes that if $(X,\alg,\mu,T)$ is an invertible weak mixing measure preserving system, where $\mu(X)<\infty$, and if $p_1,p_2,\dots ,p_k$ are generalized polynomials (functions built out of regular polynomials via iterated use of the greatest integer or floor function) having the property that no $p_i$, nor any $p_i-p_j$, $i\neq j$, is constant on a set of positive density, then for any measurable sets $A_0,A_1,\dots ,A_k$, there exists a zero-density set $E\subset \z$ such that $\lim_{\substack{n\to\infty\\ n\not\in E}} \,\mu(A_0\cap T^{p_1(n)}A_1\cap \cdots \cap T^{p_k(n)}A_k)=\prod_{i=0}^k \mu(A_i).$ We formulate and prove a faithful version of this conjecture for mildly mixing systems and partially characterize, in the degree two case, the set of families $\{ p_1,p_2, \dots ,p_k\}$ satisfying the hypotheses of this theorem. Categories:37A25, 28D05

20. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 975)

Boca, Florin P.
 An AF Algebra Associated with the Farey Tessellation We associate with the Farey tessellation of the upper half-plane an AF algebra $\AA$ encoding the cutting sequences'' that define vertical geodesics. The Effros--Shen AF algebras arise as quotients of $\AA$. Using the path algebra model for AF algebras we construct, for each $\tau \in \big(0,\frac{1}{4}\big]$, projections $(E_n)$ in $\AA$ such that $E_n E_{n\pm 1}E_n \leq \tau E_n$. Categories:46L05, 11A55, 11B57, 46L55, 37E05, 82B20

21. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 658)

Mihailescu, Eugen; Urba\'nski, Mariusz
 Inverse Pressure Estimates and the Independence of Stable Dimension for Non-Invertible Maps We study the case of an Axiom A holomorphic non-degenerate (hence non-invertible) map $f\from\mathbb P^2 \mathbb C \to \mathbb P^2 \mathbb C$, where $\mathbb P^2 \mathbb C$ stands for the complex projective space of dimension 2. Let $\Lambda$ denote a basic set for $f$ of unstable index 1, and $x$ an arbitrary point of $\Lambda$; we denote by $\delta^s(x)$ the Hausdorff dimension of $W^s_r(x) \cap \Lambda$, where $r$ is some fixed positive number and $W^s_r(x)$ is the local stable manifold at $x$ of size $r$; $\delta^s(x)$ is called \emph{the stable dimension at} $x$. Mihailescu and Urba\'nski introduced a notion of inverse topological pressure, denoted by $P^-$, which takes into consideration preimages of points. Manning and McCluskey study the case of hyperbolic diffeomorphisms on real surfaces and give formulas for Hausdorff dimension. Our non-invertible situation is different here since the local unstable manifolds are not uniquely determined by their base point, instead they depend in general on whole prehistories of the base points. Hence our methods are different and are based on using a sequence of inverse pressures for the iterates of $f$, in order to give upper and lower estimates of the stable dimension. We obtain an estimate of the oscillation of the stable dimension on $\Lambda$. When each point $x$ from $\Lambda$ has the same number $d'$ of preimages in $\Lambda$, then we show that $\delta^s(x)$ is independent of $x$; in fact $\delta^s(x)$ is shown to be equal in this case with the unique zero of the map $t \to P(t\phi^s - \log d')$. We also prove the Lipschitz continuity of the stable vector spaces over $\Lambda$; this proof is again different than the one for diffeomorphisms (however, the unstable distribution is not always Lipschitz for conformal non-invertible maps). In the end we include the corresponding results for a real conformal setting. Keywords:Hausdorff dimension, stable manifolds, basic sets, inverse topological pressureCategories:37D20, 37A35, 37F35

22. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 572)

Hitrik, Michael; Sj{östrand, Johannes
 Non-Selfadjoint Perturbations of Selfadjoint Operators in Two Dimensions IIIa. One Branching Point This is the third in a series of works devoted to spectral asymptotics for non-selfadjoint perturbations of selfadjoint $h$-pseudodifferential operators in dimension 2, having a periodic classical flow. Assuming that the strength $\epsilon$ of the perturbation is in the range $h^2\ll \epsilon \ll h^{1/2}$ (and may sometimes reach even smaller values), we get an asymptotic description of the eigenvalues in rectangles $[-1/C,1/C]+i\epsilon [F_0-1/C,F_0+1/C]$, $C\gg 1$, when $\epsilon F_0$ is a saddle point value of the flow average of the leading perturbation. Keywords:non-selfadjoint, eigenvalue, periodic flow, branching singularityCategories:31C10, 35P20, 35Q40, 37J35, 37J45, 53D22, 58J40

23. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 189)

Lin, Huaxin
 Furstenberg Transformations and Approximate Conjugacy Let $\alpha$ and $\beta$ be two Furstenberg transformations on $2$-torus associated with irrational numbers $\theta_1,$ $\theta_2,$ integers $d_1, d_2$ and Lipschitz functions $f_1$ and $f_2$. It is shown that $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are approximately conjugate in a measure theoretical sense if (and only if) $\overline{\theta_1\pm \theta_2}=0$ in $\R/\Z.$ Closely related to the classification of simple amenable \CAs, it is shown that $\af$ and $\bt$ are approximately $K$-conjugate if (and only if) $\overline{\theta_1\pm \theta_2}=0$ in $\R/\Z$ and $|d_1|=|d_2|.$ This is also shown to be equivalent to the condition that the associated crossed product \CAs are isomorphic. Keywords:Furstenberg transformations, approximate conjugacyCategories:37A55, 46L35

24. CJM 2007 (vol 59 pp. 596)

Itzá-Ortiz, Benjamín A.
 Eigenvalues, $K$-theory and Minimal Flows Let $(Y,T)$ be a minimal suspension flow built over a dynamical system $(X,S)$ and with (strictly positive, continuous) ceiling function $f\colon X\to\R$. We show that the eigenvalues of $(Y,T)$ are contained in the range of a trace on the $K_0$-group of $(X,S)$. Moreover, a trace gives an order isomorphism of a subgroup of $K_0(\cprod{C(X)}{S})$ with the group of eigenvalues of $(Y,T)$. Using this result, we relate the values of $t$ for which the time-$t$ map on the minimal suspension flow is minimal with the $K$-theory of the base of this suspension. Categories:37A55, 37B05

25. CJM 2007 (vol 59 pp. 311)

Christianson, Hans
 Growth and Zeros of the Zeta Function for Hyperbolic Rational Maps This paper describes new results on the growth and zeros of the Ruelle zeta function for the Julia set of a hyperbolic rational map. It is shown that the zeta function is bounded by $\exp(C_K |s|^{\delta})$ in strips $|\Real s| \leq K$, where $\delta$ is the dimension of the Julia set. This leads to bounds on the number of zeros in strips (interpreted as the Pollicott--Ruelle resonances of this dynamical system). An upper bound on the number of zeros in polynomial regions $\{|\Real s | \leq |\Imag s|^\alpha\}$ is given, followed by weaker lower bound estimates in strips $\{\Real s > -C, |\Imag s|\leq r\}$, and logarithmic neighbourhoods $\{ |\Real s | \leq \rho \log |\Imag s| \}$. Recent numerical work of Strain--Zworski suggests the upper bounds in strips are optimal. Keywords:zeta function, transfer operator, complex dynamicsCategory:37C30
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