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1. CJM 2017 (vol 70 pp. 117)

Ha, Junsoo
 Smooth Polynomial Solutions to a Ternary Additive Equation Let $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]$ be the ring of polynomials over the finite field of $q$ elements, and $Y$ be a large integer. We say a polynomial in $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]$ is $Y$-smooth if all of its irreducible factors are of degree at most $Y$. We show that a ternary additive equation $a+b=c$ over $Y$-smooth polynomials has many solutions. As an application, if $S$ is the set of first $s$ primes in $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]$ and $s$ is large, we prove that the $S$-unit equation $u+v=1$ has at least $\exp(s^{1/6-\epsilon}\log q)$ solutions. Keywords:smooth number, polynomial over a finite field, circle methodCategories:11T55, 11D04, 11L07, 11T23

2. CJM 2011 (vol 64 pp. 1201)

Aistleitner, Christoph; Elsholtz, Christian
 The Central Limit Theorem for Subsequences in Probabilistic Number Theory Let $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$ be an increasing sequence of positive integers, and let $f(x)$ be a real function satisfying $$\tag{1} f(x+1)=f(x), \qquad \int_0^1 f(x) ~dx=0,\qquad \operatorname{Var_{[0,1]}} f \lt \infty.$$ If $\lim_{k \to \infty} \frac{n_{k+1}}{n_k} = \infty$ the distribution of $$\tag{2} \frac{\sum_{k=1}^N f(n_k x)}{\sqrt{N}}$$ converges to a Gaussian distribution. In the case $$1 \lt \liminf_{k \to \infty} \frac{n_{k+1}}{n_k}, \qquad \limsup_{k \to \infty} \frac{n_{k+1}}{n_k} \lt \infty$$ there is a complex interplay between the analytic properties of the function $f$, the number-theoretic properties of $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$, and the limit distribution of (2). In this paper we prove that any sequence $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$ satisfying $\limsup_{k \to \infty} \frac{n_{k+1}}{n_k} = 1$ contains a nontrivial subsequence $(m_k)_{k \geq 1}$ such that for any function satisfying (1) the distribution of $$\frac{\sum_{k=1}^N f(m_k x)}{\sqrt{N}}$$ converges to a Gaussian distribution. This result is best possible: for any $\varepsilon\gt 0$ there exists a sequence $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$ satisfying $\limsup_{k \to \infty} \frac{n_{k+1}}{n_k} \leq 1 + \varepsilon$ such that for every nontrivial subsequence $(m_k)_{k \geq 1}$ of $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$ the distribution of (2) does not converge to a Gaussian distribution for some $f$. Our result can be viewed as a Ramsey type result: a sufficiently dense increasing integer sequence contains a subsequence having a certain requested number-theoretic property. Keywords:central limit theorem, lacunary sequences, linear Diophantine equations, Ramsey type theoremCategories:60F05, 42A55, 11D04, 05C55, 11K06
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