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# Doubled Khovanov Homology

Published:2018-02-14
Printed: Oct 2018
• William Rushworth,
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University , United Kingdom
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## Abstract

We define a homology theory of virtual links built out of the direct sum of the standard Khovanov complex with itself, motivating the name doubled Khovanov homology. We demonstrate that it can be used to show that some virtual links are non-classical, and that it yields a condition on a virtual knot being the connect sum of two unknots. Further, we show that doubled Khovanov homology possesses a perturbation analogous to that defined by Lee in the classical case and define a doubled Rasmussen invariant. This invariant is used to obtain various cobordism obstructions; in particular it is an obstruction to sliceness. Finally, we show that the doubled Rasmussen invariant contains the odd writhe of a virtual knot, and use this to show that knots with non-zero odd writhe are not slice.
 Keywords: Khovanov homology, virtual knot concordance, virtual knot theory
 MSC Classifications: 57M25 - Knots and links in $S^3$ {For higher dimensions, see 57Q45} 57M27 - Invariants of knots and 3-manifolds 57N70 - Cobordism and concordance

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