The study carried out in this paper about some new examples of Banach spaces, consisting of certain valued fields extensions, is a typical non-archimedean feature. We determine whether these extensions are of countable type, have $t$-orthogonal bases, or are reflexive. As an application we construct, for a class of base fields, a norm $\|\cdot\|$ on $c_0$, equivalent to the canonical supremum norm, without non-zero vectors that are $\|\cdot\|$-orthogonal and such that there is a multiplication on $c_0$ making $(c_0,\|\cdot\|)$ into a valued field.

It is proved that every infinite-dimensional non-archimedean Banach space of countable type admits a linear continuous operator without a non-trivial closed invariant subspace. This solves a problem stated by A.~C.~M. van Rooij and W.~H. Schikhof in 1992.

We show that there exists a non-archimedean Fr\'echet-Montel space $W$ with a basis and with a continuous norm such that any non-archimedean Fr\'echet space of countable type is isomorphic to a quotient of $W$. We also prove that any non-archimedean nuclear Fr\'echet space is isomorphic to a quotient of some non-archimedean nuclear Fr\'echet space with a basis and with a continuous norm.

It is known that any non-archimedean Fr\'echet space of countable type is isomorphic to a subspace of $c_0^{\mathbb{N}}$. In this paper we prove that there exists a non-archimedean Fr\'echet space $U$ with a basis $(u_n)$ such that any basis $(x_n)$ in a non-archimedean Fr\'echet space $X$ is equivalent to a subbasis $(u_{k_n})$ of $(u_n)$. Then any non-archimedean Fr\'echet space with a basis is isomorphic to a complemented subspace of $U$. In contrast to this, we show that a non-archimedean Fr\'echet space $X$ with a basis $(x_n)$ is isomorphic to a complemented subspace of $c_0^{\mathbb{N}}$ if and only if $X$ is isomorphic to one of the following spaces: $c_0$, $c_0 \times \mathbb{K}^{\mathbb{N}}$, $\mathbb{K}^{\mathbb{N}}$, $c_0^{\mathbb{N}}$. Finally, we prove that there is no nuclear non-archimedean Fr\'echet space $H$ with a basis $(h_n)$ such that any basis $(y_n)$ in a nuclear non-archimedean Fr\'echet space $Y$ is equivalent to a subbasis $(h_{k_n})$ of $(h_n)$.