This paper is concerned with the structure of inner $E_0$-semigroups. We show that any inner $E_0$-semigroup acting on an infinite factor $M$ is completely determined by a continuous tensor product system of Hilbert spaces in $M$ and that the product system associated with an inner $E_0$-semigroup is a complete cocycle conjugacy invariant.

Let $G_0$ and $G_1$ be countable abelian groups. Let $\gamma_i$ be an automorphism of $G_i$ of order two. Then there exists a unital Kirchberg algebra $A$ satisfying the Universal Coefficient Theorem and with $[1_A] = 0$ in $K_0 (A)$, and an automorphism $\alpha \in \Aut(A)$ of order two, such that $K_0 (A) \cong G_0$, such that $K_1 (A) \cong G_1$, and such that $\alpha_* \colon K_i (A) \to K_i (A)$ is $\gamma_i$. As a consequence, we prove that every $\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded countable module over the representation ring $R (\mathbb{Z}_2)$ of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ is isomorphic to the equivariant $K$-theory $K^{\mathbb{Z}_2} (A)$ for some action of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ on a unital Kirchberg algebra~$A$. Along the way, we prove that every not necessarily finitely generated $\mathbb{Z} [\mathbb{Z}_2]$-module which is free as a $\mathbb{Z}$-module has a direct sum decomposition with only three kinds of summands, namely $\mathbb{Z} [\mathbb{Z}_2]$ itself and $\mathbb{Z}$ on which the nontrivial element of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ acts either trivially or by multiplication by $-1$.

We prove that the pure state space is homogeneous under the action of the automorphism group (or the subgroup of asymptotically inner automorphisms) for all the separable simple $C^*$-algebras. The first result of this kind was shown by Powers for the UHF algbras some 30 years ago.

Irrational rotation $C^*$-algebras have an inductive limit decomposition in terms of matrix algebras over the space of continuous functions on the circle and this decomposition can be chosen to be invariant under the flip automorphism. It is shown that the flip is essentially the only toral automorphism with this property.