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51. CMB 2011 (vol 55 pp. 260)

Delvaux, L.; Van Daele, A.; Wang, Shuanhong
 A Note on the Antipode for Algebraic Quantum Groups Recently, Beattie, Bulacu ,and Torrecillas proved Radford's formula for the fourth power of the antipode for a co-Frobenius Hopf algebra. In this note, we show that this formula can be proved for any regular multiplier Hopf algebra with integrals (algebraic quantum groups). This, of course, not only includes the case of a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra, but also that of any Hopf algebra with integrals (co-Frobenius Hopf algebras). Moreover, it turns out that the proof in this more general situation, in fact, follows in a few lines from well-known formulas obtained earlier in the theory of regular multiplier Hopf algebras with integrals. We discuss these formulas and their importance in this theory. We also mention their generalizations, in particular to the (in a certain sense) more general theory of locally compact quantum groups. Doing so, and also because the proof of the main result itself is very short, the present note becomes largely of an expository nature. Keywords:multiplier Hopf algebras, algebraic quantum groups, the antipodeCategories:16W30, 46L65

52. CMB 2011 (vol 55 pp. 410)

Service, Robert
 A Ramsey Theorem with an Application to Sequences in Banach Spaces The notion of a maximally conditional sequence is introduced for sequences in a Banach space. It is then proved using Ramsey theory that every basic sequence in a Banach space has a subsequence which is either an unconditional basic sequence or a maximally conditional sequence. An apparently novel, purely combinatorial lemma in the spirit of Galvin's theorem is used in the proof. An alternative proof of the dichotomy result for sequences in Banach spaces is also sketched, using the Galvin-Prikry theorem. Keywords:Banach spaces, Ramsey theoryCategories:46B15, 05D10

53. CMB 2011 (vol 54 pp. 577)

Aqzzouz, Belmesnaoui
 Erratum: The Duality Problem For The Class of AM-Compact Operators On Banach Lattices It is proved that if a positive operator $S: E \rightarrow F$ is AM-compact whenever its adjoint $S': F' \rightarrow E'$ is AM-compact, then either the norm of F is order continuous or $E'$ is discrete. This note corrects an error in the proof of Theorem 2.3 of B. Aqzzouz, R. Nouira, and L. Zraoula, The duality problem for the class of AM-compact operators on Banach lattices. Canad. Math. Bull. 51(2008). Categories:46A40, 46B40, 46B42

54. CMB 2011 (vol 55 pp. 339)

Loring, Terry A.
 From Matrix to Operator Inequalities We generalize LÃ¶wner's method for proving that matrix monotone functions are operator monotone. The relation $x\leq y$ on bounded operators is our model for a definition of $C^{*}$-relations being residually finite dimensional. Our main result is a meta-theorem about theorems involving relations on bounded operators. If we can show there are residually finite dimensional relations involved and verify a technical condition, then such a theorem will follow from its restriction to matrices. Applications are shown regarding norms of exponentials, the norms of commutators, and "positive" noncommutative $*$-polynomials. Keywords:$C*$-algebras, matrices, bounded operators, relations, operator norm, order, commutator, exponential, residually finite dimensionalCategories:46L05, 47B99

55. CMB 2011 (vol 55 pp. 73)

Dean, Andrew J.
 Classification of Inductive Limits of Outer Actions of ${\mathbb R}$ on Approximate Circle Algebras In this paper we present a classification, up to equivariant isomorphism, of $C^*$-dynamical systems $(A,{\mathbb R},\alpha )$ arising as inductive limits of directed systems $\{ (A_n,{\mathbb R},\alpha_n),\varphi_{nm}\}$, where each $A_n$ is a finite direct sum of matrix algebras over the continuous functions on the unit circle, and the $\alpha_n$s are outer actions generated by rotation of the spectrum. Keywords:classification, $C^*$-dynamical systemCategories:46L57, 46L35

56. CMB 2011 (vol 54 pp. 726)

Ostrovskii, M. I.
 Auerbach Bases and Minimal Volume Sufficient Enlargements Let $B_Y$ denote the unit ball of a normed linear space $Y$. A symmetric, bounded, closed, convex set $A$ in a finite dimensional normed linear space $X$ is called a sufficient enlargement for $X$ if, for an arbitrary isometric embedding of $X$ into a Banach space $Y$, there exists a linear projection $P\colon Y\to X$ such that $P(B_Y)\subset A$. Each finite dimensional normed space has a minimal-volume sufficient enlargement that is a parallelepiped; some spaces have exotic'' minimal-volume sufficient enlargements. The main result of the paper is a characterization of spaces having exotic'' minimal-volume sufficient enlargements in terms of Auerbach bases. Keywords:Banach space, Auerbach basis, sufficient enlargementCategories:46B07, 52A21, 46B15

57. CMB 2011 (vol 54 pp. 411)

Davidson, Kenneth R.; Wright, Alex
 Operator Algebras with Unique Preduals We show that every free semigroup algebra has a (strongly) unique Banach space predual. We also provide a new simpler proof that a weak-$*$ closed unital operator algebra containing a weak-$*$ dense subalgebra of compact operators has a unique Banach space predual. Keywords:unique predual, free semigroup algebra, CSL algebraCategories:47L50, 46B04, 47L35

58. CMB 2011 (vol 54 pp. 593)

Boersema, Jeffrey L.; Ruiz, Efren
 Stability of Real $C^*$-Algebras We will give a characterization of stable real $C^*$-algebras analogous to the one given for complex $C^*$-algebras by Hjelmborg and RÃ¸rdam. Using this result, we will prove that any real $C^*$-algebra satisfying the corona factorization property is stable if and only if its complexification is stable. Real $C^*$-algebras satisfying the corona factorization property include AF-algebras and purely infinite $C^*$-algebras. We will also provide an example of a simple unstable $C^*$-algebra, the complexification of which is stable. Keywords:stability, real C*-algebrasCategory:46L05

59. CMB 2011 (vol 54 pp. 680)

Jiménez-Vargas, A.; Villegas-Vallecillos, Moisés
 $2$-Local Isometries on Spaces of Lipschitz Functions Let $(X,d)$ be a metric space, and let $\mathop{\textrm{Lip}}(X)$ denote the Banach space of all scalar-valued bounded Lipschitz functions $f$ on $X$ endowed with one of the natural norms $\| f\| =\max \{\| f\| _\infty ,L(f)\}$ or $\|f\| =\| f\| _\infty +L(f),$ where $L(f)$ is the Lipschitz constant of $f.$ It is said that the isometry group of $\mathop{\textrm{Lip}}(X)$ is canonical if every surjective linear isometry of $\mathop{\textrm{Lip}}(X)$ is induced by a surjective isometry of $X$. In this paper we prove that if $X$ is bounded separable and the isometry group of $\mathop{\textrm{Lip}}(X)$ is canonical, then every $2$-local isometry of $\mathop{\textrm{Lip}}(X)$ is a surjective linear isometry. Furthermore, we give a complete description of all $2$-local isometries of $\mathop{\textrm{Lip}}(X)$ when $X$ is bounded. Keywords:isometry, local isometry, Lipschitz functionCategories:46B04, 46J10, 46E15

60. CMB 2011 (vol 54 pp. 338)

Nakazi, Takahiko
 SzegÃ¶'s Theorem and Uniform Algebras We study SzegÃ¶'s theorem for a uniform algebra. In particular, we do it for the disc algebra or the bidisc algebra. Keywords:SzegÃ¶'s theorem, uniform algebras, disc algebra, weighted Bergman spaceCategories:32A35, 46J15, 60G25

61. CMB 2011 (vol 54 pp. 347)

Potapov, D.; Sukochev, F.
 The Haar System in the Preduals of Hyperfinite Factors We shall present examples of Schauder bases in the preduals to the hyperfinite factors of types~$\hbox{II}_1$, $\hbox{II}_\infty$, $\hbox{III}_\lambda$, $0 < \lambda \leq 1$. In the semifinite (respectively, purely infinite) setting, these systems form Schauder bases in any associated separable symmetric space of measurable operators (respectively, in any non-commutative $L^p$-space). Category:46L52

62. CMB 2011 (vol 54 pp. 302)

Kurka, Ondřej
 Structure of the Set of Norm-attaining Functionals on Strictly Convex Spaces Let $X$ be a separable non-reflexive Banach space. We show that there is no Borel class which contains the set of norm-attaining functionals for every strictly convex renorming of $X$. Keywords:separable non-reflexive space, set of norm-attaining functionals, strictly convex norm, Borel class Categories:46B20, 54H05, 46B10

63. CMB 2010 (vol 54 pp. 82)

Emerson, Heath
 Lefschetz Numbers for $C^*$-Algebras Using Poincar\'e duality, we obtain a formula of Lefschetz type that computes the Lefschetz number of an endomorphism of a separable nuclear $C^*$-algebra satisfying Poincar\'e duality and the Kunneth theorem. (The Lefschetz number of an endomorphism is the graded trace of the induced map on $\textrm{K}$-theory tensored with $\mathbb{C}$, as in the classical case.) We then examine endomorphisms of Cuntz--Krieger algebras $O_A$. An endomorphism has an invariant, which is a permutation of an infinite set, and the contracting and expanding behavior of this permutation describes the Lefschetz number of the endomorphism. Using this description, we derive a closed polynomial formula for the Lefschetz number depending on the matrix $A$ and the presentation of the endomorphism. Categories:19K35, 46L80

64. CMB 2010 (vol 54 pp. 141)

Kim, Sang Og; Park, Choonkil
 Linear Maps on $C^*$-Algebras Preserving the Set of Operators that are Invertible in $\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{I}$ For $C^*$-algebras $\mathcal{A}$ of real rank zero, we describe linear maps $\phi$ on $\mathcal{A}$ that are surjective up to ideals $\mathcal{I}$, and $\pi(A)$ is invertible in $\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{I}$ if and only if $\pi(\phi(A))$ is invertible in $\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{I}$, where $A\in\mathcal{A}$ and $\pi:\mathcal{A}\to\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{I}$ is the quotient map. We also consider similar linear maps preserving zero products on the Calkin algebra. Keywords:preservers, Jordan automorphisms, invertible operators, zero productsCategories:47B48, 47A10, 46H10

65. CMB 2010 (vol 54 pp. 68)

Eilers, Søren; Restorff, Gunnar; Ruiz, Efren
 Non-splitting in Kirchberg's Ideal-related $KK$-Theory A. Bonkat obtained a universal coefficient theorem in the setting of Kirchberg's ideal-related $KK$-theory in the fundamental case of a $C^*$-algebra with one specified ideal. The universal coefficient sequence was shown to split, unnaturally, under certain conditions. Employing certain $K$-theoretical information derivable from the given operator algebras using a method introduced here, we shall demonstrate that Bonkat's UCT does not split in general. Related methods lead to information on the complexity of the $K$-theory which must be used to classify $*$-isomorphisms for purely infinite $C^*$-algebras with one non-trivial ideal. Keywords:KK-theory, UCTCategory:46L35

66. CMB 2010 (vol 53 pp. 587)

Birkenmeier, Gary F.; Park, Jae Keol; Rizvi, S. Tariq
 Hulls of Ring Extensions We investigate the behavior of the quasi-Baer and the right FI-extending right ring hulls under various ring extensions including group ring extensions, full and triangular matrix ring extensions, and infinite matrix ring extensions. As a consequence, we show that for semiprime rings $R$ and $S$, if $R$ and $S$ are Morita equivalent, then so are the quasi-Baer right ring hulls $\widehat{Q}_{\mathfrak{qB}}(R)$ and $\widehat{Q}_{\mathfrak{qB}}(S)$ of $R$ and $S$, respectively. As an application, we prove that if unital $C^*$-algebras $A$ and $B$ are Morita equivalent as rings, then the bounded central closure of $A$ and that of $B$ are strongly Morita equivalent as $C^*$-algebras. Our results show that the quasi-Baer property is always preserved by infinite matrix rings, unlike the Baer property. Moreover, we give an affirmative answer to an open question of Goel and Jain for the commutative group ring $A[G]$ of a torsion-free Abelian group $G$ over a commutative semiprime quasi-continuous ring $A$. Examples that illustrate and delimit the results of this paper are provided. Keywords:(FI-)extending, Morita equivalent, ring of quotients, essential overring, (quasi-)Baer ring, ring hull, u.p.-monoid, $C^*$-algebraCategories:16N60, 16D90, 16S99, 16S50, 46L05

67. CMB 2010 (vol 53 pp. 690)

Puerta, M. E.; Loaiza, G.
 On the Maximal Operator Ideal Associated with a Tensor Norm Defined by Interpolation Spaces The classical approach to studying operator ideals using tensor norms mainly focuses on those tensor norms and operator ideals defined by means of $\ell_p$ spaces. In a previous paper, an interpolation space, defined via the real method and using $\ell_p$ spaces, was used to define a tensor norm, and the associated minimal operator ideals were characterized. In this paper, the next natural step is taken, that is, the corresponding maximal operator ideals are characterized. As an application, necessary and sufficient conditions for the coincidence of the maximal and minimal ideals are given. Finally, the previous results are used in order to find some new metric properties of the mentioned tensor norm. Keywords:maximal operator ideals, ultraproducts of spaces, interpolation spacesCategories:46M05, 46M35, 46A32

68. CMB 2010 (vol 53 pp. 550)

Shalit, Orr Moshe
 Representing a Product System Representation as a Contractive Semigroup and Applications to Regular Isometric Dilations In this paper we propose a new technical tool for analyzing representations of Hilbert $C^*$-product systems. Using this tool, we give a new proof that every doubly commuting representation over $\mathbb{N}^k$ has a regular isometric dilation, and we also prove sufficient conditions for the existence of a regular isometric dilation of representations over more general subsemigroups of $\mathbb R_{+}^k$. Categories:47A20, 46L08

69. CMB 2010 (vol 53 pp. 447)

Choi, Yemon
 Injective Convolution Operators on l∞(Γ) are Surjective Let $\Gamma$ be a discrete group and let $f \in \ell^{1}(\Gamma)$. We observe that if the natural convolution operator $\rho_f: \ell^{\infty}(\Gamma)\to \ell^{\infty}(\Gamma)$ is injective, then $f$ is invertible in $\ell^{1}(\Gamma)$. Our proof simplifies and generalizes calculations in a preprint of Deninger and Schmidt by appealing to the direct finiteness of the algebra $\ell^{1}(\Gamma)$. We give simple examples to show that in general one cannot replace $\ell^{\infty}$ with $\ell^{p}$, $1\leq p< \infty$, nor with $L^{\infty}(G)$ for nondiscrete $G$. Finally, we consider the problem of extending the main result to the case of weighted convolution operators on $\Gamma$, and give some partial results. Categories:43A20, 46L05, 43A22

70. CMB 2010 (vol 53 pp. 256)

Fang, Xiaochun; Wang, Lin
 Equivalent Definitions of Infinite Positive Elements in Simple C*-algebras We prove the equivalence of three definitions given by different comparison relations for infiniteness of positive elements in simple $C^*$-algebras. Keywords:Infinite positive element, Comparison relationCategory:46L99

71. CMB 2010 (vol 53 pp. 466)

Dubarbie, Luis
 Separating Maps between Spaces of Vector-Valued Absolutely Continuous Functions In this paper we give a description of separating or disjointness preserving linear bijections on spaces of vector-valued absolutely continuous functions defined on compact subsets of the real line. We obtain that they are continuous and biseparating in the finite-dimensional case. The infinite-dimensional case is also studied. Keywords:separating maps, disjointness preserving, vector-valued absolutely continuous functions, automatic continuityCategories:47B38, 46E15, 46E40, 46H40, 47B33

72. CMB 2009 (vol 53 pp. 118)

Lewis, Paul
 The Uncomplemented Spaces $W(X,Y)$ and $K(X,Y)$ Classical results of Kalton and techniques of Feder are used to study the complementation of the space $W(X, Y)$ of weakly compact operators and the space $K(X,Y)$ of compact operators in the space $L(X,Y)$ of all bounded linear maps from X to Y. Keywords:spaces of operators, complemented subspace, weakly compact operator, basic sequenceCategories:46B28, 46B15, 46B20

73. CMB 2009 (vol 53 pp. 278)

Galego, Elói M.
 Cantor-Bernstein Sextuples for Banach Spaces Let $X$ and $Y$ be Banach spaces isomorphic to complemented subspaces of each other with supplements $A$ and $B$. In 1996, W. T. Gowers solved the Schroeder--Bernstein (or Cantor--Bernstein) problem for Banach spaces by showing that $X$ is not necessarily isomorphic to $Y$. In this paper, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition on the sextuples $(p, q, r, s, u, v)$ in $\mathbb N$ with $p+q \geq 1$, $r+s \geq 1$ and $u, v \in \mathbb N^*$, to provide that $X$ is isomorphic to $Y$, whenever these spaces satisfy the following decomposition scheme $$A^u \sim X^p \oplus Y^q, \quad B^v \sim X^r \oplus Y^s.$$ Namely, $\Phi=(p-u)(s-v)-(q+u)(r+v)$ is different from zero and $\Phi$ divides $p+q$ and $r+s$. These sextuples are called Cantor--Bernstein sextuples for Banach spaces. The simplest case $(1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1)$ indicates the well-known PeÅczyÅski's decomposition method in Banach space. On the other hand, by interchanging some Banach spaces in the above decomposition scheme, refinements of the Schroeder--Bernstein problem become evident. Keywords:Pel czyÅski's decomposition method, Schroeder-Bernstein problemCategories:46B03, 46B20

74. CMB 2009 (vol 53 pp. 239)

Dong, Z.
 A Note on the Exactness of Operator Spaces In this paper, we give two characterizations of the exactness of operator spaces. Keywords:operator space, exactnessCategory:46L07

75. CMB 2009 (vol 53 pp. 64)

Dodos, Pandelis
 On Antichains of Spreading Models of Banach Spaces We show that for every separable Banach space $X$, either $\mathrm{SP_w}(X)$ (the set of all spreading models of $X$ generated by weakly-null sequences in $X$, modulo equivalence) is countable, or $\mathrm{SP_w}(X)$ contains an antichain of the size of the continuum. This answers a question of S.~J. Dilworth, E. Odell, and B. Sari. Categories:46B20, 03E15
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