Let $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$ be Bieberbach groups contained in the full isometry group $G$ of $\mathbb{R}^n$. We prove that if the compact flat manifolds $\Gamma_1\backslash\mathbb{R}^n$ and $\Gamma_2\backslash\mathbb{R}^n$ are strongly isospectral then the Bieberbach groups $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$ are representation equivalent, that is, the right regular representations $L^2(\Gamma_1\backslash G)$ and $L^2(\Gamma_2\backslash G)$ are unitarily equivalent.

In this paper, we will discuss the groups generated by two Heisenberg translations of $\mathbf{PU}(2,1)$ and determine when they are free.

In this short note we introduce a notion called ``quantum injectivity'' of locally compact quantum groups, and prove that it is equivalent to amenability of the dual. Particularly, this provides a new characterization of amenability of locally compact groups.

It is a well-known fact, that the greatest ambit for a topological group $G$ is the Samuel compactification of $G$ with respect to the right uniformity on $G.$ We apply the original description by Samuel from 1948 to give a simple computation of the universal minimal flow for groups of automorphisms of uncountable structures using Fraïssé theory and Ramsey theory. This work generalizes some of the known results about countable structures.

Let $F$ be a local non-archimedean field of characteristic zero. We prove that a representation of $GL(n,F)$ obtained from irreducible parabolic induction of supercuspidal representations is distinguished by an orthogonal group only if the inducing data is distinguished by appropriate orthogonal groups. As a corollary, we get that an irreducible representation induced from supercuspidals that is distinguished by an orthogonal group is metic.

Let $G$ be an infinite discrete group and let $\beta G$ be the Stone--Čech compactification of $G$. We take the points of $ėta G$ to be the ultrafilters on $G$, identifying the principal ultrafilters with the points of $G$. The set $U(G)$ of uniform ultrafilters on $G$ is a closed two-sided ideal of $\beta G$. For every $p\in U(G)$, define $I_p\subseteq\beta G$ by $I_p=\bigcap_{A\in p}\operatorname{cl} (GU(A))$, where $U(A)=\{p\in U(G):A\in p\}$. We show that if $|G|$ is a regular cardinal, then $\{I_p:p\in U(G)\}$ is the finest decomposition of $U(G)$ into closed left ideals of $\beta G$ such that the corresponding quotient space of $U(G)$ is Hausdorff.

It was claimed by Halmos in 1944 that if $G$ is a Hausdorff locally compact topological abelian group and if the character group of $G$ is torsion free, then $G$ is divisible. We prove that such a claim is false by presenting a family of counterexamples. While other counterexamples are known, we also present a family of stronger counterexamples, showing that even if one assumes that the character group of $G$ is both torsion free and divisible, it does not follow that $G$ is divisible.

In this paper we study left invariant Einstein-Randers metrics on compact Lie groups. First, we give a method to construct left invariant non-Riemannian Einstein-Randers metrics on a compact Lie group, using the Zermelo navigation data. Then we prove that this gives a complete classification of left invariant Einstein-Randers metrics on compact simple Lie groups with the underlying Riemannian metric naturally reductive. Further, we completely determine the identity component of the group of isometries for this type of metrics on simple groups. Finally, we study some geometric properties of such metrics. In particular, we give the formulae of geodesics and flag curvature of such metrics.

By exploring the relations among functional equations, harmonic analysis and representation theory, we give a unified and very accessible approach to solve three important functional equations - the d'Alembert equation, the Wilson equation, and the d'Alembert long equation - on compact groups.

An explicit construction of a pre-quantum line bundle for the moduli space of flat $G$-bundles over a Riemann surface is given, where $G$ is any non-simply connected compact simple Lie group. This work helps to explain a curious coincidence previously observed between Toledano Laredo's work classifying central extensions of loop groups $LG$ and the author's previous work on the obstruction to pre-quantization of the moduli space of flat $G$-bundles.

Following a similar result of Uspenskij on the unitary group of a separable Hilbert space, we show that, with respect to the lower (or Roelcke) uniform structure, the Polish group $G= \operatorname{Aut}(\mu)$ of automorphisms of an atomless standard Borel probability space $(X,\mu)$ is precompact. We identify the corresponding compactification as the space of Markov operators on $L_2(\mu)$ and deduce that the algebra of right and left uniformly continuous functions, the algebra of weakly almost periodic functions, and the algebra of Hilbert functions on $G$, i.e., functions on $G$ arising from unitary representations, all coincide. Again following Uspenskij, we also conclude that $G$ is totally minimal.

Let $W$ be a Weyl group, $\Sigma$ a set of simple reflections in $W$ related to a basis $\Delta$ for the root system $\Phi$ associated with $W$ and $\theta$ an involution such that $\theta(\Delta) = \Delta$. We show that the set of $\theta$-twisted involutions in $W$, $\mathcal{I}_{\theta} = \{w\in W \mid \theta(w) = w^{-1}\}$ is in one to one correspondence with the set of regular involutions $\mathcal{I}_{\operatorname{Id}}$. The elements of $\mathcal{I}_{\theta}$ are characterized by sequences in $\Sigma$ which induce an ordering called the Richardson-Springer Poset. In particular, for $\Phi$ irreducible, the ascending Richardson-Springer Poset of $\mathcal{I}_{\theta}$, for nontrivial $\theta$ is identical to the descending Richardson-Springer Poset of $\mathcal{I}_{\operatorname{Id}}$.

Given a complex semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{k}+i\mathfrak{k}$ ($\mathfrak{k}$ is a compact real form of $\mathfrak{g}$), let $\pi\colon\mathfrak{g}\to \mathfrak{h}$ be the orthogonal projection (with respect to the Killing form) onto the Cartan subalgebra $\mathfrak{h}:=\mathfrak{t}+i\mathfrak{t}$, where $\mathfrak{t}$ is a maximal abelian subalgebra of $\mathfrak{k}$. Given $x\in \mathfrak{g}$, we consider $\pi(\mathop{\textrm{Ad}}(K) x)$, where $K$ is the analytic subgroup $G$ corresponding to $\mathfrak{k}$, and show that it is star-shaped. The result extends a result of Tsing. We also consider the generalized numerical range $f(\mathop{\textrm{Ad}}(K)x)$, where $f$ is a linear functional on $\mathfrak{g}$. We establish the star-shapedness of $f(\mathop{\textrm{Ad}}(K)x)$ for simple Lie algebras of type $B$.

We prove that the fundamental solutions of Kohn sub-Laplacians $\Delta + i\alpha \partial_t$ on the anisotropic Heisenberg groups are tempered distributions and have meromorphic continuation in $\alpha$ with simple poles. We compute the residues and find the partial fundamental solutions at the poles. We also find formulas for the fundamental solutions for some matrix-valued Kohn type sub-Laplacians on H-type groups.

For unimodular semidirect products of locally compact amenable groups $N$ and $H$, we show that one can always construct a F{\o}lner net of the form $(A_\alpha \times B_\beta)$ for $G$, where $(A_\alpha)$ is a strong form of F{\o}lner net for $N$ and $(B_\beta)$ is any F{\o}lner net for $H$. Applications to the Heisenberg and Euclidean motion groups are provided.

Let $G$ be a compact topological group and let $f\colon G\to G$ be a continuous transformation of $G$. Define $f^*\colon G\to G$ by $f^*(x)=f(x^{-1})x$ and let $\mu=\mu_G$ be Haar measure on $G$. Assume that $H=\Imag f^*$ is a subgroup of $G$ and for every measurable $C\subseteq H$, $\mu_G((f^*)^{-1}(C))=\mu_H(C)$. Then for every measurable $C\subseteq G$, there exist $S\subseteq C$ and $g\in G$ such that $f(Sg^{-1})\subseteq Cg^{-1}$ and $\mu(S)\ge(\mu(C))^2$.

Let $G_1$ and $G_2$ be $p$-adic groups. We describe a decomposition of ${\rm Ext}$-groups in the category of smooth representations of $G_1 \times G_2$ in terms of ${\rm Ext}$-groups for $G_1$ and $G_2$. We comment on ${\rm Ext}^1_G(\pi,\pi)$ for a supercuspidal representation $\pi$ of a $p$-adic group $G$. We also consider an example of identifying the class, in a suitable ${\rm Ext}^1$, of a Jacquet module of certain representations of $p$-adic ${\rm GL}_{2n}$.

We prove that a separable, nuclear, purely infinite, simple $C^*$-algebra satisfying the universal coefficient theorem is weakly semiprojective if and only if its $K$-groups are direct sums of cyclic groups.

We prove Beurling's theorem for rank $1$ Riemannian symmetric spaces and relate its consequences with the characterization of the heat kernel of the symmetric space.

In this paper, we study the tensor product $\pi=\sigma^{\min}\otimes \sigma^{\min}$ of the minimal representation $\sigma^{\min}$ of $O(p,q)$ with itself, and decompose $\pi$ into a direct integral of irreducible representations. The decomposition is given in terms of the Plancherel measure on a certain real hyperbolic space.

In this paper we determine the structure of the full lift for the Howe correspondence of $(Sp(n),O(V))$ for rank-one reducibilities.

Let $G$ be a compact group. Let $\sigma$ be a continuous involution of $G$. In this paper, we are concerned by the following functional equation $$\int_{G}f(xtyt^{-1})\,dt+\int_{G}f(xt\sigma(y)t^{-1})\,dt=2g(x)h(y), \quad x, y \in G,$$ where $f, g, h \colonG \mapsto \mathbb{C}$, to be determined, are complex continuous functions on $G$ such that $f$ is central. This equation generalizes d'Alembert's and Wilson's functional equations. We show that the solutions are expressed by means of characters of irreducible, continuous and unitary representations of the group $G$.

The stable basin theorem was introduced by Basmajian and Miner as a key step in their necessary condition for the discreteness of a non-elementary group of complex hyperbolic isometries. In this paper we improve several of Basmajian and Miner's key estimates and so give a substantial improvement on the main inequality in the stable basin theorem.

A discrete group $G$ is called \emph{identity excluding\/} if the only irreducible unitary representation of $G$ which weakly contains the $1$-dimensional identity representation is the $1$-dimensional identity representation itself. Given a unitary representation $\pi$ of $G$ and a probability measure $\mu$ on $G$, let $P_\mu$ denote the $\mu$-average $\int\pi(g) \mu(dg)$. The goal of this article is twofold: (1)~to study the asymptotic behaviour of the powers $P_\mu^n$, and (2)~to provide a characterization of countable amenable identity excluding groups. We prove that for every adapted probability measure $\mu$ on an identity excluding group and every unitary representation $\pi$ there exists and orthogonal projection $E_\mu$ onto a $\pi$-invariant subspace such that $s$-$\lim_{n\to\infty}\bigl(P_\mu^n- \pi(a)^nE_\mu\bigr)=0$ for every $a\in\supp\mu$. This also remains true for suitably defined identity excluding locally compact groups. We show that the class of countable amenable identity excluding groups coincides with the class of $\FC$-hypercentral groups; in the finitely generated case this is precisely the class of groups of polynomial growth. We also establish that every adapted random walk on a countable amenable identity excluding group is ergodic.

We generalize the well-known result that a square traceless complex matrix is unitarily similar to a matrix with zero diagonal to arbitrary connected semisimple complex Lie groups $G$ and their Lie algebras $\mathfrak{g}$ under the action of a maximal compact subgroup $K$ of $G$. We also introduce a natural partial order on $\mathfrak{g}$: $x\le y$ if $f(K\cdot x) \subseteq f(K\cdot y)$ for all $f\in \mathfrak{g}^*$, the complex dual of $\mathfrak{g}$. This partial order is $K$-invariant and induces a partial order on the orbit space $\mathfrak{g}/K$. We prove that, under some restrictions on $\mathfrak{g}$, the set $f(K\cdot x)$ is star-shaped with respect to the origin.