Klep and Velu\v{s}\v{c}ek generalized the Krull--Baer theorem for higher level preorderings to the non-commutative setting. A $n$-real valuation $v$ on a skew field $D$ induces a group homomorphism $\overline{v}$. A section of $\overline{v}$ is a crucial ingredient of the construction of a complete preordering on the base field $D$ such that its projection on the residue skew field $k_v$ equals the given level $1$ ordering on $k_v$. In the article we give a proof of the existence of the section of $\overline{v}$, which was left as an open problem by Klep and Velu\v{s}\v{c}ek, and thus complete the generalization of the Krull--Baer theorem for preorderings.

We present a new approach to noncommutative real algebraic geometry based on the representation theory of $C^\ast$-algebras. An important result in commutative real algebraic geometry is Jacobi's representation theorem for archimedean quadratic modules on commutative rings. We show that this theorem is a consequence of the Gelfand--Naimark representation theorem for commutative $C^\ast$-algebras. A noncommutative version of Gelfand--Naimark theory was studied by I. Fujimoto. We use his results to generalize Jacobi's theorem to associative rings with involution.

Let $X$, $Y$ be reduced and irreducible compact complex spaces and $S$ the set of all isomorphism classes of reduced and irreducible compact complex spaces $W$ such that $X\times Y \cong X\times W$. Here we prove that $S$ is at most countable. We apply this result to show that for every reduced and irreducible compact complex space $X$ the set $S(X)$ of all complex reduced compact complex spaces $W$ with $X\times X^\sigma \cong W\times W^\sigma$ (where $A^\sigma$ denotes the complex conjugate of any variety $A$) is at most countable.