Dimension groups (not countable) that are also real ordered vector spaces can be obtained as direct limits (over directed sets) of simplicial real vector spaces (finite dimensional vector spaces with the coordinatewise ordering), but the directed set is not as interesting as one would like, i.e., it is not true that a countable-dimensional real vector space that has interpolation can be represented as such a direct limit over the a countable directed set. It turns out this is the case when the group is additionally simple, and it is shown that the latter have an ordered tensor product decomposition. In the Appendix, we provide a huge class of polynomial rings that, with a pointwise ordering, are shown to satisfy interpolation, extending a result outlined by Fuchs.

Let $A$ be a Banach algebra and $\pi \colon A \longrightarrow \mathscr L(H)$ be a continuous representation of $A$ on a separable Hilbert space $H$ with $\dim H =\frak m$. Let $\pi_{ij}$ be the coordinate functions of $\pi$ with respect to an orthonormal basis and suppose that for each $1\le j \le \frak m$, $C_j=\sum_{i=1}^{\frak m} \|\pi_{ij}\|_{A^*}\lt \infty$ and $\sup_j C_j\lt \infty$. Under these conditions, we call an element $\overline\Phi \in l^\infty (\frak m , A^{**})$ left $\pi$-invariant if $a\cdot \overline\Phi ={}^t\pi (a) \overline\Phi$ for all $a\in A$. In this paper we prove a link between the existence of left $\pi$-invariant elements and the vanishing of certain Hochschild cohomology groups of $A$. Our results extend an earlier result by Lau on $F$-algebras and recent results of Kaniuth-Lau-Pym and the second named author in the special case that $\pi \colon A \longrightarrow \mathbf C$ is a non-zero character on $A$.

Let $(R,{\frak m})$ be a non-zero commutative Noetherian local ring (with identity), $M$ be a non-zero finitely generated $R$-module. In this paper for any ${\frak p}\in {\rm Spec}(R)$ we show that $ \operatorname{{\rm injdim_{_{R_{\frak p}}}}} H^{i-\dim(R/{\frak p})}_{{\frak p}R_{\frak p}}(M_{\frak p})$ and ${\rm fd}_{R_{\p}} H^{i-\dim(R/{\frak p})}_{{\frak p}R_{\frak p}}(M_{\frak p})$ are bounded from above by $ \operatorname{{\rm injdim_{_{R}}}} H^i_{\frak m}(M)$ and $ {\rm fd}_R H^i_{\frak m}(M)$ respectively, for all integers $i\geq \dim(R/{\frak p})$.

We first determine the domination number for the zero-divisor graph of the product of two commutative rings with $1$. We then calculate the domination number for the zero-divisor graph of any commutative artinian ring. Finally, we extend some of the results to non-commutative rings in which an element is a left zero-divisor if and only if it is a right zero-divisor.

A complete characterization of valuation rings closed for a holomorphic derivation is given, following an idea of Seidenberg, in dimension $2$.

We prove the existence of an approximation function for holomorphic solutions of a system of real analytic equations. For this we use ultraproducts and Weierstrass systems introduced by J. Denef and L. Lipshitz. We also prove a version of the Płoski smoothing theorem in this case.

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity, and let $M$ be a unitary module over $R$. We call $M$ H-smaller (HS for short) if and only if $M$ is infinite and $|M/N|<|M|$ for every nonzero submodule $N$ of $M$. After a brief introduction, we show that there exist nontrivial examples of HS modules of arbitrarily large cardinality over Noetherian and non-Noetherian domains. We then prove the following result: suppose $M$ is faithful over $R$, $R$ is a domain (we will show that we can restrict to this case without loss of generality), and $K$ is the quotient field of $R$. If $M$ is HS over $R$, then $R$ is HS as a module over itself, $R\subseteq M\subseteq K$, and there exists a generating set $S$ for $M$ over $R$ with $|S|<|R|$. We use this result to generalize a problem posed by Kaplansky and conclude the paper by answering an open question on Jónsson modules.

The zero-divisor graph $\Gamma(R)$ of a commutative ring $R$ is the graph whose vertices consist of the nonzero zero-divisors of $R$ such that distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy=0$. In this paper, a characterization is provided for zero-divisor graphs of Boolean rings. Also, commutative rings $R$ such that $\Gamma(R)$ is isomorphic to the zero-divisor graph of a direct product of integral domains are classified, as well as those whose zero-divisor graphs are central vertex complete.

For a finite module $M$ over a local, equicharacteristic ring $(R,m)$, we show that the well-known formula $\textrm{cd}(m,M)=\dim M$ becomes trivial if ones uses Matlis duals of local cohomology modules together with spectral sequences. We also prove a new ring-theoretic vanishing criterion for local cohomology modules.

Let $\mathfrak a$ be an ideal of a commutative Noetherian ring $R$ and $M$ and $N$ two finitely generated $R$-modules. Our main result asserts that if $\dim R/\mathfrak a\leq 1$, then all generalized local cohomology modules $H^i_{\mathfrak a}(M,N)$ are $\mathfrak a$-cofinite.

We show that if $R=\bigoplus_{n\in\mathbb{N}_0}R_n$ is a Noetherian homogeneous ring with local base ring $(R_0,\mathfrak{m}_0)$, irrelevant ideal $R_+$, and $M$ a finitely generated graded $R$-module, then $H_{\mathfrak{m}_0R}^j(H_{R_+}^t(M))$ is Artinian for $j=0,1$ where $t=\inf\{i\in{\mathbb{N}_0}: H_{R_+}^i(M)$ is not finitely generated $\}$. Also, we prove that if $\operatorname{cd}(R_+,M)=2$, then for each $i\in\mathbb{N}_0$, $H_{\mathfrak{m}_0R}^i(H_{R_+}^2(M))$ is Artinian if and only if $H_{\mathfrak{m}_0R}^{i+2}(H_{R_+}^1(M))$ is Artinian, where $\operatorname{cd}(R_+,M)$ is the cohomological dimension of $M$ with respect to $R_+$. This improves some results of R. Sazeedeh.

Let $M$ be a finite module over a commutative noetherian ring $R$. For ideals $\mathfrak{a}$ and $\mathfrak{b}$ of $R$, the relations between cohomological dimensions of $M$ with respect to $\mathfrak{a}, \mathfrak{b}$, $\mathfrak{a}\cap\mathfrak{b}$ and $\mathfrak{a}+ \mathfrak{b}$ are studied. When $R$ is local, it is shown that $M$ is generalized Cohen-Macaulay if there exists an ideal $\mathfrak{a}$ such that all local cohomology modules of $M$ with respect to $\mathfrak{a}$ have finite lengths. Also, when $r$ is an integer such that $0\leq r< \dim_R(M)$, any maximal element $\mathfrak{q}$ of the non-empty set of ideals $\{\mathfrak{a} : \textrm{H}_\mathfrak{a}^i(M) $ is not artinian for some $ i, i\geq r \}$ is a prime ideal, and all Bass numbers of $\textrm{H}_\mathfrak{q}^i(M)$ are finite for all $i\geq r$.

We give a characterization of contact manifolds in terms of symplectic Lie-Rinehart-Jacobi algebras. We also give a sufficient condition for a Jacobi manifold to be a contact manifold.

We study infinitesimal deformations of holomorphic maps of compact, complex, Kähler manifolds. In particular, we describe a generalization of Bloch's semiregularity map that annihilates obstructions to deform holomorphic maps with fixed codomain.

In this paper, we explore a generalization of the notion of integrality. In particular, we study a near-integrality condition that is intermediate between the concepts of integral and almost integral. This property (referred to as the $\Omega$-almost integral property) is a representative independent specialization of the standard notion of almost integrality. Some of the properties of this generalization are explored in this paper, and these properties are compared with the notion of pseudo-integrality introduced by Anderson, Houston, and Zafrullah. Additionally, it is shown that the $\Omega$-almost integral property serves to characterize the survival/lying over pairs of Dobbs and Coykendall

Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring and $\mathfrak{a}$ a proper ideal of $R$. We show that if $n:=\operatorname{grade}_R\mathfrak{a}$, then $\operatorname{End}_R(H^n_\mathfrak{a}(R))\cong \operatorname{Ext}_R^n(H^n_\mathfrak{a}(R),R)$. We also prove that, for a nonnegative integer $n$ such that $H^i_\mathfrak{a}(R)=0$ for every $i\neq n$, if $\operatorname{Ext}_R^i(R_z,R)=0$ for all $i >0$ and $z \in \mathfrak{a}$, then $\operatorname{End}_R(H^n_\mathfrak{a}(R))$ is a homomorphic image of $R$, where $R_z$ is the ring of fractions of $R$ with respect to a multiplicatively closed subset $\{z^j \mid j \geqslant 0 \}$ of $R$. Moreover, if $\operatorname{Hom}_R(R_z,R)=0$ for all $z \in \mathfrak{a}$, then $\mu_{H^n_\mathfrak{a}(R)}$ is an isomorphism, where $\mu_{H^n_\mathfrak{a}(R)}$ is the canonical ring homomorphism $R \rightarrow \operatorname{End}_R(H^n_\mathfrak{a}(R))$.

The bigraded Hilbert function and the minimal free resolutions for the diagonal coinvariants of the dihedral groups are exhibited, as well as for all their bigraded invariant Gorenstein quotients.

This paper discusses the connection between the local cohomology modules and the Serre classes of $R$-modules. This connection has provided a common language for expressing some results regarding the local cohomology $R$-modules that have appeared in different papers.

Let $G$ be a finite group acting linearly on the vector space $V$ over a field of arbitrary characteristic. The action is called \emph{coregular} if the invariant ring is generated by algebraically independent homogeneous invariants, and the \emph{direct summand property} holds if there is a surjective $k[V]^G$-linear map $\pi\colon k[V]\to k[V]^G$. The following Chevalley--Shephard--Todd type theorem is proved. Suppose $G$ is abelian. Then the action is coregular if and only if $G$ is generated by pseudo-reflections and the direct summand property holds.

An example is given of a UFD which has an infinitely generated Derksen invariant. The ring is "almost rigid" meaning that the Derksen invariant is equal to the Makar-Limanov invariant. Techniques to show that a ring is (almost) rigid are discussed, among which is a generalization of Mason's abc-theorem.

An integral domain R is IDPF (Irreducible Divisors of Powers Finite) if, for every non-zero element a in R, the ascending chain of non-associate irreducible divisors in R of $a^{n}$ stabilizes on a finite set as n ranges over the positive integers, while R is atomic if every non-zero element that is not a unit is a product of a finite number of irreducible elements (atoms). A ring extension S of R is a \emph{root extension} or \emph{radical extension} if for each s in S, there exists a natural number $n(s)$ with $s^{n(s)}$ in R. In this paper it is shown that the ascent and descent of the IDPF property and atomicity for the pair of integral domains $(R,S)$ is governed by the relative sizes of the unit groups $\operatorname{U}(R)$ and $\operatorname{U}(S)$ and whether S is a root extension of R. The following results are deduced from these considerations. An atomic IDPF domain containing a field of characteristic zero is completely integrally closed. An affine domain over a field of characteristic zero is IDPF if and only if it is completely integrally closed. Let R be a Noetherian domain with integral closure S. Suppose the conductor of S into R is non-zero. Then R is IDPF if and only if S is a root extension of R and $\operatorname{U}(S)/\operatorname{U}(R)$ is finite.

We strengthen certain results concerning actions of $(\Comp,+)$ on $\Comp^{3}$ and embeddings of $\Comp^{2}$ in $\Comp^{3}$, and show that these results are in fact valid over any field of characteristic zero.

Let $C_p$ denote the cyclic group of order $p$, where $p \geq 3$ is prime. We denote by $V_n$ the indecomposable $n$ dimensional representation of $C_p$ over a field $\mathbb F$ of characteristic $p$. We compute a set of generators, in fact a SAGBI basis, for the ring of invariants $\mathbb F[V_2 \oplus V_2 \oplus V_3]^{C_p}$.

This paper deals with the concepts of condensed and strongly condensed domains. By definition, an integral domain $R$ is condensed (resp. strongly condensed) if each pair of ideals $I$ and $J$ of $R$, $IJ=\{ab/a \in I, b \in J\}$ (resp. $IJ=aJ$ for some $a \in I$ or $IJ=Ib$ for some $b \in J$). More precisely, we investigate the ideal theory of condensed and strongly condensed domains in Noetherian-like settings, especially Mori and strong Mori domains and the transfer of these concepts to pullbacks.

An $R$-module $M$ is called a multiplication module if for each submodule $N$ of $M$, $N=IM$ for some ideal $I$ of $R$. As defined for a commutative ring $R$, an $R$-module $M$ is said to be semiprimitive if the intersection of maximal submodules of $M$ is zero. The maximal spectra of a semiprimitive multiplication module $M$ are studied. The isolated points of $\Max(M)$ are characterized algebraically. The relationships among the maximal spectra of $M$, $\Soc(M)$ and $\Ass(M)$ are studied. It is shown that $\Soc(M)$ is exactly the set of all elements of $M$ which belongs to every maximal submodule of $M$ except for a finite number. If $\Max(M)$ is infinite, $\Max(M)$ is a one-point compactification of a discrete space if and only if $M$ is Gelfand and for some maximal submodule $K$, $\Soc(M)$ is the intersection of all prime submodules of $M$ contained in $K$. When $M$ is a semiprimitive Gelfand module, we prove that every intersection of essential submodules of $M$ is an essential submodule if and only if $\Max(M)$ is an almost discrete space. The set of uniform submodules of $M$ and the set of minimal submodules of $M$ coincide. $\Ann(\Soc(M))M$ is a summand submodule of $M$ if and only if $\Max(M)$ is the union of two disjoint open subspaces $A$ and $N$, where $A$ is almost discrete and $N$ is dense in itself. In particular, $\Ann(\Soc(M))=\Ann(M)$ if and only if $\Max(M)$ is almost discrete.