location:  Publications → journals
Search results

Search: MSC category 11D ( Diophantine equations [See also 11Gxx, 14Gxx] )

 Expand all        Collapse all Results 1 - 22 of 22

1. CMB 2014 (vol 57 pp. 495)

Fujita, Yasutsugu; Miyazaki, Takafumi
 JeÅmanowicz' Conjecture with Congruence Relations. II Let $a,b$ and $c$ be primitive Pythagorean numbers such that $a^{2}+b^{2}=c^{2}$ with $b$ even. In this paper, we show that if $b_0 \equiv \epsilon \pmod{a}$ with $\epsilon \in \{\pm1\}$ for certain positive divisors $b_0$ of $b$, then the Diophantine equation $a^{x}+b^{y}=c^z$ has only the positive solution $(x,y,z)=(2,2,2)$. Keywords:exponential Diophantine equations, Pythagorean triples, Pell equationsCategories:11D61, 11D09

2. CMB 2011 (vol 56 pp. 258)

Chandoul, A.; Jellali, M.; Mkaouar, M.
 The Smallest Pisot Element in the Field of Formal Power Series Over a Finite Field Dufresnoy and Pisot characterized the smallest Pisot number of degree $n \geq 3$ by giving explicitly its minimal polynomial. In this paper, we translate Dufresnoy and Pisot's result to the Laurent series case. The aim of this paper is to prove that the minimal polynomial of the smallest Pisot element (SPE) of degree $n$ in the field of formal power series over a finite field is given by $P(Y)=Y^{n}-\alpha XY^{n-1}-\alpha^n,$ where $\alpha$ is the least element of the finite field $\mathbb{F}_{q}\backslash\{0\}$ (as a finite total ordered set). We prove that the sequence of SPEs of degree $n$ is decreasing and converges to $\alpha X.$ Finally, we show how to obtain explicit continued fraction expansion of the smallest Pisot element over a finite field. Keywords:Pisot element, continued fraction, Laurent series, finite fieldsCategories:11A55, 11D45, 11D72, 11J61, 11J66

3. CMB 2011 (vol 56 pp. 251)

Borwein, Peter; Choi, Stephen K. K.; Ganguli, Himadri
 Sign Changes of the Liouville Function on Quadratics Let $\lambda (n)$ denote the Liouville function. Complementary to the prime number theorem, Chowla conjectured that \begin{equation*} \label{a.1} \sum_{n\le x} \lambda (f(n)) =o(x)\tag{$*$} \end{equation*} for any polynomial $f(x)$ with integer coefficients which is not of form $bg(x)^2$. When $f(x)=x$, $(*)$ is equivalent to the prime number theorem. Chowla's conjecture has been proved for linear functions, but for degree greater than 1, the conjecture seems to be extremely hard and remains wide open. One can consider a weaker form of Chowla's conjecture. Conjecture 1. [Cassaigne et al.] If $f(x) \in \mathbb{Z} [x]$ and is not in the form of $bg^2(x)$ for some $g(x)\in \mathbb{Z}[x]$, then $\lambda (f(n))$ changes sign infinitely often. Clearly, Chowla's conjecture implies Conjecture 1. Although weaker, Conjecture 1 is still wide open for polynomials of degree $\gt 1$. In this article, we study Conjecture 1 for quadratic polynomials. One of our main theorems is the following. Theorem 1 Let $f(x) = ax^2+bx +c$ with $a\gt 0$ and $l$ be a positive integer such that $al$ is not a perfect square. If the equation $f(n)=lm^2$ has one solution $(n_0,m_0) \in \mathbb{Z}^2$, then it has infinitely many positive solutions $(n,m) \in \mathbb{N}^2$. As a direct consequence of Theorem 1, we prove the following. Theorem 2 Let $f(x)=ax^2+bx+c$ with $a \in \mathbb{N}$ and $b,c \in \mathbb{Z}$. Let $A_0=\Bigl[\frac{|b|+(|D|+1)/2}{2a}\Bigr]+1.$ Then either the binary sequence $\{ \lambda (f(n)) \}_{n=A_0}^\infty$ is a constant sequence or it changes sign infinitely often. Some partial results of Conjecture 1 for quadratic polynomials are also proved using Theorem 1. Keywords:Liouville function, Chowla's conjecture, prime number theorem, binary sequences, changes sign infinitely often, quadratic polynomials, Pell equationCategories:11N60, 11B83, 11D09

4. CMB 2011 (vol 55 pp. 842)

Sairaiji, Fumio; Yamauchi, Takuya
 The Rank of Jacobian Varieties over the Maximal Abelian Extensions of Number Fields: Towards the Frey-Jarden Conjecture Frey and Jarden asked if any abelian variety over a number field $K$ has the infinite Mordell-Weil rank over the maximal abelian extension $K^{\operatorname{ab}}$. In this paper, we give an affirmative answer to their conjecture for the Jacobian variety of any smooth projective curve $C$ over $K$ such that $\sharp C(K^{\operatorname{ab}})=\infty$ and for any abelian variety of $\operatorname{GL}_2$-type with trivial character. Keywords:Mordell-Weil rank, Jacobian varieties, Frey-Jarden conjecture, abelian pointsCategories:11G05, 11D25, 14G25, 14K07

5. CMB 2011 (vol 55 pp. 774)

Mollin, R. A.; Srinivasan, A.
 Pell Equations: Non-Principal Lagrange Criteria and Central Norms We provide a criterion for the central norm to be any value in the simple continued fraction expansion of $\sqrt{D}$ for any non-square integer $D>1$. We also provide a simple criterion for the solvability of the Pell equation $x^2-Dy^2=-1$ in terms of congruence conditions modulo $D$. Keywords:Pell's equation, continued fractions, central normsCategories:11D09, 11A55, 11R11, 11R29

6. CMB 2011 (vol 55 pp. 435)

Zelator, Konstantine
 A Note on the Diophantine Equation $x^2 + y^6 = z^e$, $e \geq 4$ We consider the diophantine equation $x^2 + y^6 = z^e$, $e \geq 4$. We show that, when $e$ is a multiple of $4$ or $6$, this equation has no solutions in positive integers with $x$ and $y$ relatively prime. As a corollary, we show that there exists no primitive Pythagorean triangle one of whose leglengths is a perfect cube, while the hypotenuse length is an integer square. Keywords:diophantine equationCategory:11D

7. CMB 2009 (vol 52 pp. 63)

Dietmann, Rainer
 Small Zeros of Quadratic Forms Avoiding a Finite Number of Prescribed Hyperplanes We prove a new upper bound for the smallest zero $\mathbf{x}$ of a quadratic form over a number field with the additional restriction that $\mathbf{x}$ does not lie in a finite number of $m$ prescribed hyperplanes. Our bound is polynomial in the height of the quadratic form, with an exponent depending only on the number of variables but not on $m$. Categories:11D09, 11E12, 11H46, 11H55

8. CMB 2008 (vol 51 pp. 337)

Bennett, Michael A.
 Differences between Perfect Powers We apply the hypergeometric method of Thue and Siegel to prove that if $a$ and $b$ are positive integers, then the inequality $0 <| a^x - b^y | < \frac{1}{4} \, \max \{ a^{x/2}, b^{y/2} \}$ has at most a single solution in positive integers $x$ and $y$. This essentially sharpens a classic result of LeVeque. Categories:11D61, 11D45

9. CMB 2008 (vol 51 pp. 134)

Rosales, J. C.; Garc\'{\i}a-Sánchez, P. A.
 Numerical Semigroups Having a Toms Decomposition We show that the class of system proportionally modular numerical semigroups coincides with the class of numerical semigroups having a Toms decomposition. Categories:20M14, 11D75

10. CMB 2007 (vol 50 pp. 191)

Drungilas, Paulius; Dubickas, Artūras
 Every Real Algebraic Integer Is a Difference of Two Mahler Measures We prove that every real algebraic integer $\alpha$ is expressible by a difference of two Mahler measures of integer polynomials. Moreover, these polynomials can be chosen in such a way that they both have the same degree as that of $\alpha$, say $d$, one of these two polynomials is irreducible and another has an irreducible factor of degree $d$, so that $\alpha=M(P)-bM(Q)$ with irreducible polynomials $P, Q\in \mathbb Z[X]$ of degree $d$ and a positive integer $b$. Finally, if $d \leqslant 3$, then one can take $b=1$. Keywords:Mahler measures, Pisot numbers, Pell equation, $abc$-conjectureCategories:11R04, 11R06, 11R09, 11R33, 11D09

11. CMB 2006 (vol 49 pp. 560)

Luijk, Ronald van
 A K3 Surface Associated With Certain Integral Matrices Having Integral Eigenvalues In this article we will show that there are infinitely many symmetric, integral $3 \times 3$ matrices, with zeros on the diagonal, whose eigenvalues are all integral. We will do this by proving that the rational points on a certain non-Kummer, singular K3 surface are dense. We will also compute the entire NÃ©ron-Severi group of this surface and find all low degree curves on it. Keywords:symmetric matrices, eigenvalues, elliptic surfaces, K3 surfaces, NÃ©ron--Severi group, rational curves, Diophantine equations, arithmetic geometry, algebraic geometry, number theoryCategories:14G05, 14J28, 11D41

12. CMB 2006 (vol 49 pp. 481)

Browkin, J.; Brzeziński, J.
 On Sequences of Squares with Constant Second Differences The aim of this paper is to study sequences of integers for which the second differences between their squares are constant. We show that there are infinitely many nontrivial monotone sextuples having this property and discuss some related problems. Keywords:sequence of squares, second difference, elliptic curveCategories:11B83, 11Y85, 11D09

13. CMB 2005 (vol 48 pp. 636)

Győry, K.; Hajdu, L.; Saradha, N.
 Correction to: On the Diophantine Equation $n(n+d)\cdots(n+(k-1)d)=by^l$ In the article under consideration (Canad. Math. Bull. \textbf{47} (2004), pp.~373--388), Lemma 6 is not true in the form presented there. Lemma 6 is used only in the proof of part (i) of Theorem 9. We note, however, that part (i) of Theorem 9 in question is a special case of a theorem by Bennet, Bruin, Gy\H{o}ry and Hajdu. Category:11D41

14. CMB 2005 (vol 48 pp. 121)

Mollin, R. A.
 Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for the Central Norm to Equal $2^h$ in the Simple Continued Fraction Expansion of $\sqrt{2^hc}$ for Any Odd $c>1$ We look at the simple continued fraction expansion of $\sqrt{D}$ for any $D=2^hc$ where $c>1$ is odd with a goal of determining necessary and sufficient conditions for the central norm (as determined by the infrastructure of the underlying real quadratic order therein) to be $2^h$. At the end of the paper, we also address the case where $D=c$ is odd and the central norm of $\sqrt{D}$ is equal to $2$. Keywords:quadratic Diophantine equations, simple continued fractions,, norms of ideals, infrastructure of real quadratic fieldsCategories:11A55, 11D09, 11R11

15. CMB 2004 (vol 47 pp. 373)

Győry, K.; Hajdu, L.; Saradha, N.
 On the Diophantine Equation $n(n+d)\cdots(n+(k-1)d)=by^l$ We show that the product of four or five consecutive positive terms in arithmetic progression can never be a perfect power whenever the initial term is coprime to the common difference of the arithmetic progression. This is a generalization of the results of Euler and Obl\'ath for the case of squares, and an extension of a theorem of Gy\H ory on three terms in arithmetic progressions. Several other results concerning the integral solutions of the equation of the title are also obtained. We extend results of Sander on the rational solutions of the equation in $n,y$ when $b=d=1$. We show that there are only finitely many solutions in $n,d,b,y$ when $k\geq 3$, $l\geq 2$ are fixed and $k+l>6$. Category:11D41

16. CMB 2004 (vol 47 pp. 264)

McKinnon, David
 Counting Rational Points on Ruled Varieties In this paper, we prove a general result computing the number of rational points of bounded height on a projective variety $V$ which is covered by lines. The main technical result used to achieve this is an upper bound on the number of rational points of bounded height on a line. This upper bound is such that it can be easily controlled as the line varies, and hence is used to sum the counting functions of the lines which cover the original variety $V$. Categories:11G50, 11D45, 11D04, 14G05

17. CMB 2003 (vol 46 pp. 26)

Bernardi, D.; Halberstadt, E.; Kraus, A.
 Remarques sur les points rationnels des variÃ©tÃ©s de Fermat Soit $K$ un corps de nombres de degr\'e sur $\mathbb{Q}$ inf\'erieur ou \'egal \a $2$. On se propose dans ce travail de faire quelques remarques sur la question de l'existence de deux \'el\'ements non nuls $a$ et $b$ de $K$, et d'un entier $n\geq 4$, tels que l'\'equation $ax^n + by^n = 1$ poss\ede au moins trois points distincts non triviaux. Cette \'etude se ram\ene \a la recherche de points rationnels sur $K$ d'une vari\'et\'e projective dans $\mathbb{P}^5$ de dimension $3$, ou d'une surface de $\mathbb{P}^3$. Category:11D41

18. CMB 2003 (vol 46 pp. 71)

Cutter, Pamela; Granville, Andrew; Tucker, Thomas J.
 The Number of Fields Generated by the Square Root of Values of a Given Polynomial The $abc$-conjecture is applied to various questions involving the number of distinct fields $\mathbb{Q} \bigl( \sqrt{f(n)} \bigr)$, as we vary over integers $n$. Categories:11N32, 11D41

19. CMB 2002 (vol 45 pp. 428)

Mollin, R. A.
 Criteria for Simultaneous Solutions of $X^2 - DY^2 = c$ and $x^2 - Dy^2 = -c$ The purpose of this article is to provide criteria for the simultaneous solvability of the Diophantine equations $X^2 - DY^2 = c$ and $x^2 - Dy^2 = -c$ when $c \in \mathbb{Z}$, and $D \in \mathbb{N}$ is not a perfect square. This continues work in \cite{me}--\cite{alfnme}. Keywords:continued fractions, Diophantine equations, fundamental units, simultaneous solutionsCategories:11A55, 11R11, 11D09

20. CMB 2002 (vol 45 pp. 247)

Kihel, O.; Levesque, C.
 On a Few Diophantine Equations Related to Fermat's Last Theorem We combine the deep methods of Frey, Ribet, Serre and Wiles with some results of Darmon, Merel and Poonen to solve certain explicit diophantine equations. In particular, we prove that the area of a primitive Pythagorean triangle is never a perfect power, and that each of the equations $X^4 - 4Y^4 = Z^p$, $X^4 + 4Y^p = Z^2$ has no non-trivial solution. Proofs are short and rest heavily on results whose proofs required Wiles' deep machinery. Keywords:Diophantine equationsCategory:11D41

21. CMB 2000 (vol 43 pp. 218)

Mollin, R. A.; van der Poorten, A. J.
 Continued Fractions, Jacobi Symbols, and Quadratic Diophantine Equations The results herein continue observations on norm form equations and continued fractions begun and continued in the works \cite{chows}--\cite{mol}, and \cite{mvdpw}--\cite{schinz}. Categories:11R11, 11D09, 11R29, 11R65

22. CMB 1998 (vol 41 pp. 158)

Gaál, István
 Power integral bases in composits of number fields In the present paper we consider the problem of finding power integral bases in number fields which are composits of two subfields with coprime discriminants. Especially, we consider imaginary quadratic extensions of totally real cyclic number fields of prime degree. As an example we solve the index form equation completely in a two parametric family of fields of degree $10$ of this type. Categories:11D57, 11R21
 top of page | contact us | privacy | site map |