Given a positive integer $n$, a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ of $q$ elements ($q$ odd), and a non-degenerate symmetric bilinear form $B$ on $\mathbb{F}_q^n$, we determine the largest possible cardinality of pairwise $B$-orthogonal subsets $\mathcal{E} \subseteq \mathbb{F}_q^n$, that is, for any two vectors $\mathbf{x}, \mathbf{y} \in \mathcal{E}$, one has $B (\mathbf{x}, \mathbf{y}) = 0$.

The study carried out in this paper about some new examples of Banach spaces, consisting of certain valued fields extensions, is a typical non-archimedean feature. We determine whether these extensions are of countable type, have $t$-orthogonal bases, or are reflexive. As an application we construct, for a class of base fields, a norm $\|\cdot\|$ on $c_0$, equivalent to the canonical supremum norm, without non-zero vectors that are $\|\cdot\|$-orthogonal and such that there is a multiplication on $c_0$ making $(c_0,\|\cdot\|)$ into a valued field.

We extend the notion of Zindler curve from the Euclidean plane to normed planes. A characterization of Zindler curves for general normed planes is given, and the relation between Zindler curves and curves of constant area-halving distances in such planes is discussed.

We determine the best constants $C_{p,\infty}$ and $C_{1,p}$, $1 < p < \infty$, for which the following holds. If $u$, $v$ are orthogonal harmonic functions on a Euclidean domain such that $v$ is differentially subordinate to $u$, then $$ \|v\|_p \leq C_{p,\infty} \|u\|_\infty,\quad \|v\|_1 \leq C_{1,p} \|u\|_p. $$ In particular, the inequalities are still sharp for the conjugate harmonic functions on the unit disc of $\mathbb R^2$. Sharp probabilistic versions of these estimates are also studied. As an application, we establish a sharp version of the classical logarithmic inequality of Zygmund.

By considering the specialisation $s_{\lambda}(1,q,q^2,\dots,q^{n-1})$ of the Schur function, Stanley was able to describe a formula for the number of semistandard Young tableaux of shape $\lambda$ in terms of the contents and hook lengths of the boxes in the Young diagram. Using specialisations of symplectic and orthogonal Schur functions, we derive corresponding formulae, first given by El Samra and King, for the number of semistandard symplectic and orthogonal $\lambda$-tableaux.

In the work presented below the classical subject of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle is discussed in the matrix setting. An explicit matrix representation of the matrix valued orthogonal polynomials in terms of the moments of the measure is presented. Classical recurrence relations are revisited using the matrix representation of the polynomials. The matrix expressions for the kernel polynomials and the Christoffel--Darboux formulas are presented for the first time.

We continue to study the simplest closure conditions for chains of spectral transformations of the Laurent biorthogonal polynomials ($\LBP$). It is shown that the 1-1-periodic $q$-closure condition leads to the $\LBP$ introduced by Pastro. We introduce classes of semi-classical and Laguerre-Hahn $\LBP$ associated to generic closure conditions of the chain of spectral transformations.