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51. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 620)

Sands, Jonathan W.
 $L$-functions for Quadratic Characters and Annihilation of Motivic Cohomology Groups Let $n$ be a positive even integer, and let $F$ be a totally real number field and $L$ be an abelian Galois extension which is totally real or CM. Fix a finite set $S$ of primes of $F$ containing the infinite primes and all those which ramify in $L$, and let $S_L$ denote the primes of $L$ lying above those in $S$. Then $\mathcal{O}_L^S$ denotes the ring of $S_L$-integers of $L$. Suppose that $\psi$ is a quadratic character of the Galois group of $L$ over $F$. Under the assumption of the motivic Lichtenbaum conjecture, we obtain a non-trivial annihilator of the motivic cohomology group $H_\mathcal{M}^2(\mathcal{O}_L^S,\mathbb{Z}(n))$ from the lead term of the Taylor series for the $S$-modified Artin $L$-function $L_{L/F}^S(s,\psi)$ at $s=1-n$. Keywords:motivic cohomology, regulator, Artin L-functionsCategories:11R42, 11R70, 14F42, 19F27

52. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 632)

Silberman, Lior
 Quantum Unique Ergodicity on Locally Symmetric Spaces: the Degenerate Lift Given a measure $\bar\mu_\infty$ on a locally symmetric space $Y=\Gamma\backslash G/K$, obtained as a weak-{*} limit of probability measures associated to eigenfunctions of the ring of invariant differential operators, we construct a measure $\bar\mu_\infty$ on the homogeneous space $X=\Gamma\backslash G$ which lifts $\bar\mu_\infty$ and which is invariant by a connected subgroup $A_{1}\subset A$ of positive dimension, where $G=NAK$ is an Iwasawa decomposition. If the functions are, in addition, eigenfunctions of the Hecke operators, then $\bar\mu_\infty$ is also the limit of measures associated to Hecke eigenfunctions on $X$. This generalizes results of the author with A. Venkatesh in the case where the spectral parameters stay away from the walls of the Weyl chamber. Keywords:quantum unique ergodicity, microlocal lift, spherical dualCategories:22E50, 43A85

53. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 596)

Ongaro, Jared; Shapiro, Boris
 A Note on Planarity Stratification of Hurwitz Spaces One can easily show that any meromorphic function on a complex closed Riemann surface can be represented as a composition of a birational map of this surface to $\mathbb{CP}^2$ and a projection of the image curve from an appropriate point $p\in \mathbb{CP}^2$ to the pencil of lines through $p$. We introduce a natural stratification of Hurwitz spaces according to the minimal degree of a plane curve such that a given meromorphic function can be represented in the above way and calculate the dimensions of these strata. We observe that they are closely related to a family of Severi varieties studied earlier by J. Harris, Z. Ran and I. Tyomkin. Keywords:Hurwitz spaces, meromorphic functions, Severi varieties

54. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 320)

Llamas, Aurora; Martínez-Bernal, José
 Cover Product and Betti Polynomial of Graphs For disjoint graphs $G$ and $H$, with fixed vertex covers $C(G)$ and $C(H)$, their cover product is the graph $G \circledast H$ with vertex set $V(G)\cup V(H)$ and edge set $E(G)\cup E(H)\cup\{\{i,j\}:i\in C(G), j\in C(H)\}$. We describe the graded Betti numbers of $G\circledast H$ in terms of those of $G$ and $H$. As applications we obtain: (i) For any positive integer $k$ there exists a connected bipartite graph $G$ such that $\operatorname{reg} R/I(G)=\mu_S(G)+k$, where, $I(G)$ denotes the edge ideal of $G$, $\operatorname{reg} R/I(G)$ is the Castelnuovo--Mumford regularity of $R/I(G)$ and $\mu_S(G)$ is the induced or strong matching number of $G$; (ii) The graded Betti numbers of the complement of a tree only depends upon its number of vertices; (iii) The $h$-vector of $R/I(G\circledast H)$ is described in terms of the $h$-vectors of $R/I(G)$ and $R/I(H)$. Furthermore, in a different direction, we give a recursive formula for the graded Betti numbers of chordal bipartite graphs. Keywords:Castelnuovo--Mumford regularity, chordal bipartite graph, edge ideal, graded Betti number, induced matching number, monomial idealCategories:13D02, 05E45

55. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 402)

Tikuisis, Aaron Peter; Toms, Andrew
 On the Structure of Cuntz Semigroups in (Possibly) Nonunital C*-algebras We examine the ranks of operators in semi-finite $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebras as measured by their densely defined lower semicontinuous traces. We first prove that a unital simple $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebra whose extreme tracial boundary is nonempty and finite contains positive operators of every possible rank, independent of the property of strict comparison. We then turn to nonunital simple algebras and establish criteria that imply that the Cuntz semigroup is recovered functorially from the Murray-von Neumann semigroup and the space of densely defined lower semicontinuous traces. Finally, we prove that these criteria are satisfied by not-necessarily-unital approximately subhomogeneous algebras of slow dimension growth. Combined with results of the first-named author, this shows that slow dimension growth coincides with $\mathcal Z$-stability, for approximately subhomogeneous algebras. Keywords:nuclear C*-algebras, Cuntz semigroup, dimension functions, stably projectionless C*-algebras, approximately subhomogeneous C*-algebras, slow dimension growthCategories:46L35, 46L05, 46L80, 47L40, 46L85

56. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 271)

 On Domination of Zero-divisor Graphs of Matrix Rings We study domination in zero-divisor graphs of matrix rings over a commutative ring with $1$. Keywords:vector space, linear transformation, zero-divisor graph, domination, local ringCategory:05C69

57. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 306)

Khoshkhah, Kaveh; Zaker, Manouchehr
 On the Largest Dynamic Monopolies of Graphs with a Given Average Threshold Let $G$ be a graph and $\tau$ be an assignment of nonnegative integer thresholds to the vertices of $G$. A subset of vertices, $D$ is said to be a $\tau$-dynamic monopoly, if $V(G)$ can be partitioned into subsets $D_0, D_1, \ldots, D_k$ such that $D_0=D$ and for any $i\in \{0, \ldots, k-1\}$, each vertex $v$ in $D_{i+1}$ has at least $\tau(v)$ neighbors in $D_0\cup \ldots \cup D_i$. Denote the size of smallest $\tau$-dynamic monopoly by $dyn_{\tau}(G)$ and the average of thresholds in $\tau$ by $\overline{\tau}$. We show that the values of $dyn_{\tau}(G)$ over all assignments $\tau$ with the same average threshold is a continuous set of integers. For any positive number $t$, denote the maximum $dyn_{\tau}(G)$ taken over all threshold assignments $\tau$ with $\overline{\tau}\leq t$, by $Ldyn_t(G)$. In fact, $Ldyn_t(G)$ shows the worst-case value of a dynamic monopoly when the average threshold is a given number $t$. We investigate under what conditions on $t$, there exists an upper bound for $Ldyn_{t}(G)$ of the form $c|G|$, where $c\lt 1$. Next, we show that $Ldyn_t(G)$ is coNP-hard for planar graphs but has polynomial-time solution for forests. Keywords:spread of influence in graphs, irreversible dynamic monopolies, target set selectionCategories:05C69, 05C85

58. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 285)

Karpukhin, Mikhail
 Spectral Properties of a Family of Minimal Tori of Revolution in Five-dimensional Sphere The normalized eigenvalues $\Lambda_i(M,g)$ of the Laplace-Beltrami operator can be considered as functionals on the space of all Riemannian metrics $g$ on a fixed surface $M$. In recent papers several explicit examples of extremal metrics were provided. These metrics are induced by minimal immersions of surfaces in $\mathbb{S}^3$ or $\mathbb{S}^4$. In the present paper a family of extremal metrics induced by minimal immersions in $\mathbb{S}^5$ is investigated. Keywords:extremal metric, minimal surfaceCategory:58J50

59. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 415)

Willson, Benjamin
 A Fixed Point Theorem and the Existence of a Haar Measure for Hypergroups Satisfying Conditions Related to Amenability In this paper we present a fixed point property for amenable hypergroups which is analogous to Rickert's fixed point theorem for semigroups. It equates the existence of a left invariant mean on the space of weakly right uniformly continuous functions to the existence of a fixed point for any action of the hypergroup. Using this fixed point property, a certain class of hypergroups are shown to have a left Haar measure. Keywords:invariant measure, Haar measure, hypergroup, amenability, function translationsCategories:43A62, 43A05, 43A07

60. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 281)

Kalus, Matthias
 On the Relation of Real and Complex Lie Supergroups A complex Lie supergroup can be described as a real Lie supergroup with integrable almost complex structure. The necessary and sufficient conditions on an almost complex structure on a real Lie supergroup for defining a complex Lie supergroup are deduced. The classification of real Lie supergroups with such almost complex structures yields a new approach to the known classification of complex Lie supergroups by complex Harish-Chandra superpairs. A universal complexification of a real Lie supergroup is constructed. Keywords:Lie supergroup, almost complex structure, Harish-Chandra pair, universal complexificationCategories:32C11, 58A50

61. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 241)

Botelho, Fernanda
 Isometries and Hermitian Operators on Zygmund Spaces In this paper we characterize the isometries of subspaces of the little Zygmund space. We show that the isometries of these spaces are surjective and represented as integral operators. We also show that all hermitian operators on these settings are bounded. Keywords:Zygmund spaces, the little Zygmund space, Hermitian operators, surjective linear isometries, generators of one-parameter groups of surjective isometriesCategories:46E15, 47B15, 47B38

62. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 334)

Medini, Andrea
 Countable Dense Homogeneity in Powers of Zero-dimensional Definable Spaces We show that, for a coanalytic subspace $X$ of $2^\omega$, the countable dense homogeneity of $X^\omega$ is equivalent to $X$ being Polish. This strengthens a result of HruÅ¡Ã¡k and Zamora AvilÃ©s. Then, inspired by results of HernÃ¡ndez-GutiÃ©rrez, HruÅ¡Ã¡k and van Mill, using a technique of Medvedev, we construct a non-Polish subspace $X$ of $2^\omega$ such that $X^\omega$ is countable dense homogeneous. This gives the first $\mathsf{ZFC}$ answer to a question of HruÅ¡Ã¡k and Zamora AvilÃ©s. Furthermore, since our example is consistently analytic, the equivalence result mentioned above is sharp. Our results also answer a question of Medini and Milovich. Finally, we show that if every countable subset of a zero-dimensional separable metrizable space $X$ is included in a Polish subspace of $X$ then $X^\omega$ is countable dense homogeneous. Keywords:countable dense homogeneous, infinite power, coanalytic, Polish, $\lambda'$-setCategories:54H05, 54G20, 54E52

63. CMB 2015 (vol 58 pp. 225)

 Characterizing Distinguished Pairs by Using Liftings of Irreducible Polynomials Let $v$ be a henselian valuation of any rank of a field $K$ and $\overline{v}$ be the unique extension of $v$ to a fixed algebraic closure $\overline{K}$ of $K$. In 2005, it was studied properties of those pairs $(\theta,\alpha)$ of elements of $\overline{K}$ with $[K(\theta): K]\gt [K(\alpha): K]$ where $\alpha$ is an element of smallest degree over $K$ such that $$\overline{v}(\theta-\alpha)=\sup\{\overline{v}(\theta-\beta) |\ \beta\in \overline{K}, \ [K(\beta): K]\lt [K(\theta): K]\}.$$ Such pairs are referred to as distinguished pairs. We use the concept of liftings of irreducible polynomials to give a different characterization of distinguished pairs. Keywords:valued fields, non-Archimedean valued fields, irreducible polynomialsCategories:12J10, 12J25, 12E05

64. CMB Online first

Deng, Shaoqiang; Hu, Zhiguang; Li, Jifu
 Cohomogeneity one Randers metrics An action of a Lie group $G$ on a smooth manifold $M$ is called cohomogeneity one if the orbit space $M/G$ is of dimension $1$. A Finsler metric $F$ on $M$ is called invariant if $F$ is invariant under the action of $G$. In this paper, we study invariant Randers metrics on cohomogeneity one manifolds. We first give a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence of invariant Randers metrics on cohomogeneity one manifolds. Then we obtain some results on invariant Killing vector fields on the cohomogeneity one manifolds and use that to deduce some sufficient and necessary condition for a cohomogeneity one Randers metric to be Einstein. Keywords:cohomogeneity one actions, normal geodesics, invariant vector fields, Randers metricsCategories:53C30, 53C60

65. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 80)

Harada, Megumi; Horiguchi, Tatsuya; Masuda, Mikiya
 The Equivariant Cohomology Rings of Peterson Varieties in All Lie Types Let $G$ be a complex semisimple linear algebraic group and let $Pet$ be the associated Peterson variety in the flag variety $G/B$. The main theorem of this note gives an efficient presentation of the equivariant cohomology ring $H^*_S(Pet)$ of the Peterson variety as a quotient of a polynomial ring by an ideal $J$ generated by quadratic polynomials, in the spirit of the Borel presentation of the cohomology of the flag variety. Here the group $S \cong \mathbb{C}^*$ is a certain subgroup of a maximal torus $T$ of $G$. Our description of the ideal $J$ uses the Cartan matrix and is uniform across Lie types. In our arguments we use the Monk formula and Giambelli formula for the equivariant cohomology rings of Peterson varieties for all Lie types, as obtained in the work of Drellich. Our result generalizes a previous theorem of Fukukawa-Harada-Masuda, which was only for Lie type $A$. Keywords:equivariant cohomology, Peterson varieties, flag varieties, Monk formula, Giambelli formulaCategories:55N91, 14N15

66. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 561)

Martinez-Maure, Yves
 Plane Lorentzian and Fuchsian Hedgehogs Parts of the Brunn-Minkowski theory can be extended to hedgehogs, which are envelopes of families of affine hyperplanes parametrized by their Gauss map. F. Fillastre introduced Fuchsian convex bodies, which are the closed convex sets of Lorentz-Minkowski space that are globally invariant under the action of a Fuchsian group. In this paper, we undertake a study of plane Lorentzian and Fuchsian hedgehogs. In particular, we prove the Fuchsian analogues of classical geometrical inequalities (analogues which are reversed as compared to classical ones). Keywords:Fuchsian and Lorentzian hedgehogs, evolute, duality, convolution, reversed isoperimetric inequality, reversed Bonnesen inequalityCategories:52A40, 52A55, 53A04, 53B30

67. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 432)

Yang, Dachun; Yang, Sibei
 Second-order Riesz Transforms and Maximal Inequalities Associated with Magnetic SchrÃ¶dinger Operators Let $A:=-(\nabla-i\vec{a})\cdot(\nabla-i\vec{a})+V$ be a magnetic SchrÃ¶dinger operator on $\mathbb{R}^n$, where $\vec{a}:=(a_1,\dots, a_n)\in L^2_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R}^n)$ and $0\le V\in L^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ satisfy some reverse HÃ¶lder conditions. Let $\varphi\colon \mathbb{R}^n\times[0,\infty)\to[0,\infty)$ be such that $\varphi(x,\cdot)$ for any given $x\in\mathbb{R}^n$ is an Orlicz function, $\varphi(\cdot,t)\in {\mathbb A}_{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ for all $t\in (0,\infty)$ (the class of uniformly Muckenhoupt weights) and its uniformly critical upper type index $I(\varphi)\in(0,1]$. In this article, the authors prove that second-order Riesz transforms $VA^{-1}$ and $(\nabla-i\vec{a})^2A^{-1}$ are bounded from the Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy space $H_{\varphi,\,A}(\mathbb{R}^n)$, associated with $A$, to the Musielak-Orlicz space $L^{\varphi}(\mathbb{R}^n)$. Moreover, the authors establish the boundedness of $VA^{-1}$ on $H_{\varphi, A}(\mathbb{R}^n)$. As applications, some maximal inequalities associated with $A$ in the scale of $H_{\varphi, A}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ are obtained. Keywords:Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy space, magnetic SchrÃ¶dinger operator, atom, second-order Riesz transform, maximal inequalityCategories:42B30, 42B35, 42B25, 35J10, 42B37, 46E30

68. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 51)

De Nitties, Giuseppe; Schulz-Baldes, Hermann
 Spectral Flows of Dilations of Fredholm Operators Given an essentially unitary contraction and an arbitrary unitary dilation of it, there is a naturally associated spectral flow which is shown to be equal to the index of the operator. This result is interpreted in terms of the $K$-theory of an associated mapping cone. It is then extended to connect $\mathbb{Z}_2$ indices of odd symmetric Fredholm operators to a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-valued spectral flow. Keywords:spectral flow, Fredholm operators, Z2 indicesCategories:19K56, 46L80

69. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 182)

Tărnăuceanu, Marius
 On Finite Groups with Dismantlable Subgroup Lattices In this note we study the finite groups whose subgroup lattices are dismantlable. Keywords:finite groups, subgroup lattices, dismantlable lattices, planar lattices, crownsCategories:20D30, 20D60, 20E15

70. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 196)

Yang, Qingjie; Zhong, Weiting
 Dihedral Groups of order $2p$ of Automorphisms of Compact Riemann Surfaces of Genus $p-1$ In this paper we prove that there is only one conjugacy class of dihedral group of order $2p$ in the $2(p-1)\times 2(p-1)$ integral symplectic group can be realized by an analytic automorphism group of compact connected Riemann surfaces of genus $p-1$. A pair of representative generators of the realizable class is also given. Keywords:dihedral group, automorphism group, Riemann surface, integral symplectic matrix, fundamental domainCategories:20H25, 57M60

71. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 188)

Wirths, Karl Joachim
 Telescoping Estimates for Smooth Series We derive telescoping majorants and minorants for some classes of series and give applications of these results. Keywords:telescoping series, Stietjes constant, Hardy's formula, Stirling's formulaCategories:26D15, 40A25, 97I30

72. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 115)

Mantilla-Soler, Guillermo
 Weak Arithmetic Equivalence Inspired by the invariant of a number field given by its zeta function, we define the notion of weak arithmetic equivalence and show that under certain ramification hypotheses, this equivalence determines the local root numbers of the number field. This is analogous to a result of Rohrlich on the local root numbers of a rational elliptic curve. Additionally, we prove that for tame non-totally real number fields, the integral trace form is invariant under arithmetic equivalence. Keywords:arithmeticaly equivalent number fields, root numbersCategories:11R04, 11R42

73. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 134)

Nasseh, Saeed
 On the Generalized Auslander-Reiten Conjecture under Certain Ring Extensions We show under some conditions that a Gorenstein ring $R$ satisfies the Generalized Auslander-Reiten Conjecture if and only if so does $R[x]$. When $R$ is a local ring we prove the same result for some localizations of $R[x]$. Keywords:Auslander-Reiten conjecture, finitistic extension degree, Gorenstein ringsCategories:13D07, 16E30, 16E65

74. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 150)

Ostrovskii, Mikhail I.
 Connections Between Metric Characterizations of Superreflexivity and the Radon-NikodÃ½ Property for Dual Banach Spaces Johnson and Schechtman (2009) characterized superreflexivity in terms of finite diamond graphs. The present author characterized the Radon-NikodÃ½m property (RNP) for dual spaces in terms of the infinite diamond. This paper is devoted to further study of relations between metric characterizations of superreflexivity and the RNP for dual spaces. The main result is that finite subsets of any set $M$ whose embeddability characterizes the RNP for dual spaces, characterize superreflexivity. It is also observed that the converse statement does not hold, and that $M=\ell_2$ is a counterexample. Keywords:Banach space, diamond graph, finite representability, metric characterization, Radon-NikodÃ½m property, superreflexivityCategories:46B85, 46B07, 46B22

75. CMB 2014 (vol 58 pp. 276)

Johnson, William; Nasseri, Amir Bahman; Schechtman, Gideon; Tkocz, Tomasz
 Injective Tauberian Operators on $L_1$ and Operators with Dense Range on $\ell_\infty$ There exist injective Tauberian operators on $L_1(0,1)$ that have dense, nonclosed range. This gives injective, nonsurjective operators on $\ell_\infty$ that have dense range. Consequently, there are two quasi-complementary, noncomplementary subspaces of $\ell_\infty$ that are isometric to $\ell_\infty$. Keywords:$L_1$, Tauberian operator, $\ell_\infty$Categories:46E30, 46B08, 47A53
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