We study the complementation of the space $W(X,Y)$ of weakly compact operators, the space $K(X,Y)$ of compact operators, the space $U(X,Y)$ of unconditionally converging operators, and the space $CC(X,Y)$ of completely continuous operators in the space $L(X,Y)$ of bounded linear operators from $X$ to $Y$. Feder proved that if $X$ is infinite-dimensional and $c_0 \hookrightarrow Y$, then $K(X,Y)$ is uncomplemented in $L(X,Y)$. Emmanuele and John showed that if $c_0 \hookrightarrow K(X,Y)$, then $K(X,Y)$ is uncomplemented in $L(X,Y)$. Bator and Lewis showed that if $X$ is not a Grothendieck space and $c_0 \hookrightarrow Y$, then $W(X,Y)$ is uncomplemented in $L(X,Y)$. In this paper, classical results of Kalton and separably determined operator ideals with property $(*)$ are used to obtain complementation results that yield these theorems as corollaries.

By considering the specialisation $s_{\lambda}(1,q,q^2,\dots,q^{n-1})$ of the Schur function, Stanley was able to describe a formula for the number of semistandard Young tableaux of shape $\lambda$ in terms of the contents and hook lengths of the boxes in the Young diagram. Using specialisations of symplectic and orthogonal Schur functions, we derive corresponding formulae, first given by El Samra and King, for the number of semistandard symplectic and orthogonal $\lambda$-tableaux.

Some families of Randers metrics of scalar flag curvature are studied in this paper. Explicit examples that are neither locally projectively flat nor of isotropic $S$-curvature are given. Certain Randers metrics with Einstein $\alpha$ are considered and proved to be complex. Three dimensional Randers manifolds, with $\alpha$ having constant scalar curvature, are studied.

Examples of distinct weighted model sets with equal $2,3,4, 5$-point correlations are given.

We establish some inequalities for the second moment $$ \frac{1}{|K|} \int_{K}|x|_2^2 \,dx $$ of a convex body $K$ under various assumptions on the position of $K$.

A domain $\Omega$ is called a domain of injective holomorphy if there exists an injective holomorphic function $f\colon \Omega\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ that is non-extendable. We give examples of domains that are domains of injective holomorphy and others that are not. In particular, every regular domain $(\overline\Omega^o=\Omega)$ is a domain of injective holomorphy, and every simply connected domain is a domain of injective holomorphy as well.

The concept of $C_{k}$-spaces is introduced, situated at an intermediate stage between $H$-spaces and $T$-spaces. The $C_{k}$-space corresponds to the $k$-th Milnor-Stasheff filtration on spaces. It is proved that a space $X$ is a $C_{k}$-space if and only if the Gottlieb set $G(Z,X)=[Z,X]$ for any space $Z$ with ${\rm cat}\, Z\le k$, which generalizes the fact that $X$ is a $T$-space if and only if $G(\Sigma B,X)=[\Sigma B,X]$ for any space $B$. Some results on the $C_{k}$-space are generalized to the $C_{k}^{f}$-space for a map $f\colon A \to X$. Projective spaces, lens spaces and spaces with a few cells are studied as examples of $C_{k}$-spaces, and non-$C_{k}$-spaces.

In this paper, we investigate a semilinear elliptic equation that involves multiple Hardy-type terms and critical Hardy-Sobolev exponents. By the Moser iteration method and analytic techniques, the asymptotic properties of its nontrivial solutions at the singular points are investigated.

The Banach spaces $L(X, Y)$, $K(X, Y)$, $L_{w^*}(X^*, Y)$, and $K_{w^*}(X^*, Y)$ are studied to determine when they contain the classical Banach spaces $c_o$ or $\ell_\infty$. The complementation of the Banach space $K(X, Y)$ in $L(X, Y)$ is discussed as well as what impact this complementation has on the embedding of $c_o$ or $\ell_\infty$ in $K(X, Y)$ or $L(X, Y)$. Results of Kalton, Feder, and Emmanuele concerning the complementation of $K(X, Y)$ in $L(X, Y)$ are generalized. Results concerning the complementation of the Banach space $K_{w^*}(X^*, Y)$ in $L_{w^*}(X^*, Y)$ are also explored as well as how that complementation affects the embedding of $c_o$ or $\ell_\infty$ in $K_{w^*}(X^*, Y)$ or $L_{w^*}(X^*, Y)$. The $\ell_p$ spaces for $1 = p < \infty$ are studied to determine when the space of compact operators from one $\ell_p$ space to another contains $c_o$. The paper contains a new result which classifies these spaces of operators. A new result using vector measures is given to provide more efficient proofs of theorems by Kalton, Feder, Emmanuele, Emmanuele and John, and Bator and Lewis.

In this paper we prove weighted norm inequalities with weights in the $A_p$ classes, for pseudodifferential operators with symbols in the class ${S^{n(\rho -1)}_{\rho, \delta}}$ that fall outside the scope of Calderón-Zygmund theory. This is accomplished by controlling the sharp function of the pseudodifferential operator by Hardy-Littlewood type maximal functions. Our weighted norm inequalities also yield $L^{p}$ boundedness of commutators of functions of bounded mean oscillation with a wide class of operators in $\mathrm{OP}S^{m}_{\rho, \delta}$.

In a recent paper, Miller derived a Kummer-type transformation for the generalised hypergeometric function ${}_pF_p(x)$ when pairs of parameters differ by unity, by means of a reduction formula for a certain Kampé de Fériet function. An alternative and simpler derivation of this transformation is obtained here by application of the well-known Kummer transformation for the confluent hypergeometric function corresponding to $p=1$.

It is shown that a Lie algebra having a nilpotent radical has a fundamental set of invariants consisting of Casimir operators. A different proof is given in the well known special case of an abelian radical. A result relating the number of invariants to the dimension of the Cartan subalgebra is also established.

For a manifold with boundary, the restriction of Chern's transgression form of the Euler curvature form over the boundary is closed. Its cohomology class is called the secondary Chern-Euler class and was used by Sha to formulate a relative Poincaré-Hopf theorem under the condition that the metric on the manifold is locally product near the boundary. We show that the secondary Chern-Euler form is exact away from the outward and inward unit normal vectors of the boundary by explicitly constructing a transgression form. Using Stokes' theorem, this evaluates the boundary term in Sha's relative Poincaré-Hopf theorem in terms of more classical indices of the tangential projection of a vector field. This evaluation in particular shows that Sha's relative Poincaré-Hopf theorem is equivalent to the more classical law of vector fields.

We determine the best constants $C_{p,\infty}$ and $C_{1,p}$, $1 < p < \infty$, for which the following holds. If $u$, $v$ are orthogonal harmonic functions on a Euclidean domain such that $v$ is differentially subordinate to $u$, then $$ \|v\|_p \leq C_{p,\infty} \|u\|_\infty,\quad \|v\|_1 \leq C_{1,p} \|u\|_p. $$ In particular, the inequalities are still sharp for the conjugate harmonic functions on the unit disc of $\mathbb R^2$. Sharp probabilistic versions of these estimates are also studied. As an application, we establish a sharp version of the classical logarithmic inequality of Zygmund.

In this paper we prove Chen inequalities for submanifolds of real space forms endowed with a semi-symmetric non-metric connection, i.e., relations between the mean curvature associated with a semi-symmetric non-metric connection, scalar and sectional curvatures, Ricci curvatures and the sectional curvature of the ambient space. The equality cases are considered.

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem $$ \begin{cases} u_{t}=\Delta(u^{m}), &x\in{}\mathbb{R}^{N}, t>0, N\geq3, \\ % ^^----- here u(x,0)=u_{0}(x), &x\in{}\mathbb{R}^{N}. \end{cases} $$ We will prove that: (i) for $m_{c}<m,m_{0}<1$, $|u(x,t,m)-u(x,t,m_{0})|\rightarrow0$ as $m\rightarrow{}m_{0}$ {uniformly on } every compact subset of $\mathbb{R}^{N}\times\mathbb{R}^{+},$ where $m_{c}=\frac{(N-2)_{+}}{N}$; (ii) there is a $C^{\ast}$ that explicitly depends on $m$ such that $$ \|u(\cdot,\cdot,m)-u(\cdot,\cdot,1)\|_{L^{2} (\mathbb{R}^{N}\times\mathbb{R}^{+})}\leq{}C^{\ast}|m-1|. $$

We prove metric rigidity for complete manifolds supporting solutions of certain second order differential systems, thus extending classical works on a characterization of space-forms. Along the way, we also discover new characterizations of space-forms. We next generalize results concerning metric rigidity via equations involving vector fields.

Under the assumption that $\mu$ is a nondoubling measure, we study certain commutators generated by the Lipschitz function and the Marcinkiewicz integral whose kernel satisfies a Hörmander-type condition. We establish the boundedness of these commutators on the Lebesgue spaces, Lipschitz spaces, and Hardy spaces. Our results are extensions of known theorems in the doubling case.

In this paper, we give a new proof of the Onofri-type inequality \begin{equation*} \int_S e^{2u} \,ds^2 \leq 4\pi(\beta+1) \exp \biggl\{ \frac{1}{4\pi(\beta+1)} \int_S |\nabla u|^2 \,ds^2 + \frac{1}{2\pi(\beta+1)} \int_S u \,ds^2 \biggr\} \end{equation*} on the sphere $S$ with Gaussian curvature $1$ and with conical singularities divisor $\mathcal A = \beta\cdot p_1 + \beta \cdot p_2$ for $\beta\in (-1,0)$; here $p_1$ and $p_2$ are antipodal.