Let $( X,g) $ be a complete noncompact Kähler manifold, of dimension $n\geq2,$ with positive Ricci curvature and of standard type (see the definition below). N. Mok proved that $X$ can be compactified, i.e., $X$ is biholomorphic to a quasi-projective variety$.$ The aim of this paper is to prove that the $L^{2}$ holomorphic sections of the line bundle $K_{X}^{-q}$ and the volume form of the metric $g$ have no essential singularities near the divisor at infinity. As a consequence we obtain a comparison between the volume forms of the Kähler metric $g$ and of the Fubini--Study metric induced on $X$. In the case of $\dim_{\mathbb{C} }X=2,$ we establish a relation between the number of components of the divisor $D$ and the dimension of the groups $H^{i}( \overline{X}, \Omega_{\overline{X}}^{1}( \log D) )$.

In this paper we consider an elliptic system with an inverse square potential and critical Sobolev exponent in a bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^N$. By variational methods we study the existence results.

We decompose the restriction of ramified principal series representations of the $p$-adic group $\mathrm{GL}(3,\mathrm{k})$ to its maximal compact subgroup $K=\mathrm{GL}(3,R)$. Its decomposition is dependent on the degree of ramification of the inducing characters and can be characterized in terms of filtrations of the Iwahori subgroup in $K$. We establish several irreducibility results and illustrate the decomposition with some examples.

In this paper, we introduce a new algebraic notion, weakly symmetric Lie algebras, to give an algebraic description of an interesting class of homogeneous Riemann--Finsler spaces, weakly symmetric Finsler spaces. Using this new definition, we are able to give a classification of weakly symmetric Finsler spaces with dimensions $2$ and $3$. Finally, we show that all the non-Riemannian reversible weakly symmetric Finsler spaces we find are non-Berwaldian and with vanishing S-curvature. This means that reversible non-Berwaldian Finsler spaces with vanishing S-curvature may exist at large. Hence the generalized volume comparison theorems due to Z. Shen are valid for a rather large class of Finsler spaces.

We present the explicit formulas for the projectors on the generalized eigenspaces associated with some eigenvalues for linear neutral functional differential equations (NFDE) in $L^{p}$ spaces by using integrated semigroup theory. The analysis is based on the main result established elsewhere by the authors and results by Magal and Ruan on non-densely defined Cauchy problem. We formulate the NFDE as a non-densely defined Cauchy problem and obtain some spectral properties from which we then derive explicit formulas for the projectors on the generalized eigenspaces associated with some eigenvalues. Such explicit formulas are important in studying bifurcations in some semi-linear problems.

Let $G$ be a connected semisimple split group over a $p$-adic field. We establish the explicit link between principal nilpotent orbits and the irreducible constituents of principal series in terms of $L$-group objects.

Let $A$ and $B$ be $n\times n$ complex Hermitian (or real symmetric) matrices with eigenvalues $a_1 \ge \dots \ge a_n$ and $b_1 \ge \dots \ge b_n$. All possible inertia values, ranks, and multiple eigenvalues of $A + B$ are determined. Extension of the results to the sum of $k$ matrices with $k > 2$ and connections of the results to other subjects such as algebraic combinatorics are also discussed.

In the finite von Neumann algebra setting, we introduce the concept of a perturbation determinant associated with a pair of self-adjoint elements $H_0$ and $H$ in the algebra and relate it to the concept of the de la Harpe--Skandalis homotopy invariant determinant associated with piecewise $C^1$-paths of operators joining $H_0$ and $H$. We obtain an analog of Krein's formula that relates the perturbation determinant and the spectral shift function and, based on this relation, we derive subsequently (i) the Birman--Solomyak formula for a general non-linear perturbation, (ii) a universality of a spectral averaging, and (iii) a generalization of the Dixmier--Fuglede--Kadison differentiation formula.

Let $H$ be the Hilbert class field of a CM number field $K$ with maximal totally real subfield $F$ of degree $n$ over $\mathbb{Q}$. We evaluate the second term in the Taylor expansion at $s=0$ of the Galois-equivariant $L$-function $\Theta_{S_{\infty}}(s)$ associated to the unramified abelian characters of $\operatorname{Gal}(H/K)$. This is an identity in the group ring $\mathbb{C}[\operatorname{Gal}(H/K)]$ expressing $\Theta^{(n)}_{S_{\infty}}(0)$ as essentially a linear combination of logarithms of special values $\{\Psi(z_{\sigma})\}$, where $\Psi\colon \mathbb{H}^{n} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a Hilbert modular function for a congruence subgroup of $SL_{2}(\mathcal{O}_{F})$ and $\{z_{\sigma}: \sigma \in \operatorname{Gal}(H/K)\}$ are CM points on a universal Hilbert modular variety. We apply this result to express the relative class number $h_{H}/h_{K}$ as a rational multiple of the determinant of an $(h_{K}-1) \times (h_{K}-1)$ matrix of logarithms of ratios of special values $\Psi(z_{\sigma})$, thus giving rise to candidates for higher analogs of elliptic units. Finally, we obtain a product formula for $\Psi(z_{\sigma})$ in terms of exponentials of special values of $L$-functions.

A new decomposition, the mutually aposyndetic decomposition of homogeneous continua into closed, homogeneous sets is introduced. This decomposition is respected by homeomorphisms and topologically unique. Its quotient is a mutually aposyndetic homogeneous continuum, and in all known examples, as well as in some general cases, the members of the decomposition are semi-indecomposable continua. As applications, we show that hereditarily decomposable homogeneous continua and path connected homogeneous continua are mutually aposyndetic. A class of new examples of homogeneous continua is defined. The mutually aposyndetic decomposition of each of these continua is non-trivial and different from Jones' aposyndetic decomposition.

In this paper we establish a priori $h^1$-estimates in a bounded domain for parabolic equations with vanishing $\operatorname{LMO}$ coefficients.

We introduce a wide subclass ${\mathcal F}(X,\omega)$ of quasi-plurisubharmonic functions in a compact Kähler manifold, on which the complex Monge-Ampère operator is well defined and the convergence theorem is valid. We also prove that ${\mathcal F}(X,\omega)$ is a convex cone and includes all quasi-plurisubharmonic functions that are in the Cegrell class.

We establish a second order smooth variational principle valid for functions defined on (possibly infinite-dimensional) Riemannian manifolds which are uniformly locally convex and have a strictly positive injectivity radius and bounded sectional curvature.

No abstract.

If an algebraic torus $T$ acts on a complex projective algebraic variety $X$, then the affine scheme $\operatorname{Spec} H^*_T(X;\mathbb C)$ associated with the equivariant cohomology is often an arrangement of linear subspaces of the vector space $H_2^T(X;\mathbb C).$ In many situations the ordinary cohomology ring of $X$ can be described in terms of this arrangement.

Let G be a simple, compact, simply-connected Lie group localized at an odd prime~p. We study the group of homotopy classes of self-maps $[G,G]$ when the rank of G is low and in certain cases describe the set of homotopy classes of multiplicative self-maps $H[G,G]$. The low rank condition gives G certain structural properties which make calculations accessible. Several examples and applications are given.

Let $\mathcal H$ be a complex separable Hilbert space and ${\mathcal L}({\mathcal H})$ denote the collection of bounded linear operators on ${\mathcal H}$. In this paper, we show that for any operator $A\in{\mathcal L}({\mathcal H})$, there exists a stably finitely (SI) decomposable operator $A_\epsilon$, such that $\|A-A_{\epsilon}\|<\epsilon$ and ${\mathcal{\mathcal A}'(A_{\epsilon})}/\operatorname{rad} {{\mathcal A}'(A_{\epsilon})}$ is commutative, where $\operatorname{rad}{{\mathcal A}'(A_{\epsilon})}$ is the Jacobson radical of ${{\mathcal A}'(A_{\epsilon})}$. Moreover, we give a similarity classification of the stably finitely decomposable operators that generalizes the result on similarity classification of Cowen-Douglas operators given by C. L. Jiang.

The space of Monge-Ampère functions, introduced by J. H. G. Fu, is a space of rather rough functions in which the map $u\mapsto \operatorname{Det} D^2 u$ is well defined and weakly continuous with respect to a natural notion of weak convergence. We prove a rigidity theorem for Lagrangian integral currents that allows us to extend the original definition of Monge-Ampère functions. We also prove that if a Monge-Ampère function $u$ on a bounded set $\Omega\subset\mathcal{R}^2$ satisfies the equation $\operatorname{Det} D^2 u=0$ in a particular weak sense, then the graph of $u$ is a developable surface, and moreover $u$ enjoys somewhat better regularity properties than an arbitrary Monge-Ampère function of $2$ variables.

It is known that a Steiner triple system is projective if and only if it does not contain the four-triple configuration $C_{14}$. We find three configurations such that a Steiner triple system is affine if and only if it does not contain one of these configurations. Similarly, we characterise Hall triple systems using two forbidden configurations. Our characterisations have several interesting corollaries in the area of edge-colourings of graphs. A cubic graph G is S-edge-colourable for a Steiner triple system S if its edges can be coloured with points of S in such a way that the points assigned to three edges sharing a vertex form a triple in S. Among others, we show that all cubic graphs are S-edge-colourable for every non-projective non-affine point-transitive Steiner triple system S.

Representations of various one-dimensional central extensions of quantum tori (called quantum torus Lie algebras) were studied by several authors. Now we define a central extension of quantum tori so that all known representations can be regarded as representations of the new quantum torus Lie algebras $\mathfrak{L}_q$. The center of $\mathfrak{L}_q$ now is generally infinite dimensional. In this paper, $\mathbb{Z}$-graded Verma modules $\widetilde{V}(\varphi)$ over $\mathfrak{L}_q$ and their corresponding irreducible highest weight modules $V(\varphi)$ are defined for some linear functions $\varphi$. Necessary and sufficient conditions for $V(\varphi)$ to have all finite dimensional weight spaces are given. Also necessary and sufficient conditions for Verma modules $\widetilde{V}(\varphi)$ to be irreducible are obtained.

We study $p$-indivisibility of the central values $L(1,E_d)$ of quadratic twists $E_d$ of a semi-stable elliptic curve $E$ of conductor $N$. A consideration of the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer shows that the set of quadratic discriminants $d$ splits naturally into several families $\mathcal{F}_S$, indexed by subsets $S$ of the primes dividing $N$. Let $\delta_S= \gcd_{d\in \mathcal{F}_S} L(1,E_d)^{\operatorname{alg}}$, where $L(1,E_d)^{\operatorname{alg}}$ denotes the algebraic part of the central $L$-value, $L(1,E_d)$. Our main theorem relates the $p$-adic valuations of $\delta_S$ as $S$ varies. As a consequence we present an application to a refined version of a question of Kolyvagin. Finally we explain an intriguing (albeit speculative) relation between Waldspurger packets on $\widetilde{\operatorname{SL}_2}$ and congruences of modular forms of integral and half-integral weight. In this context, we formulate a conjecture on congruences of half-integral weight forms and explain its relevance to the problem of $p$-indivisibility of $L$-values of quadratic twists.

In this paper we obtain a complete description of nontrivial minimal reducing subspaces of the multiplication operator by a Blaschke product with four zeros on the Bergman space of the unit disk via the Hardy space of the bidisk.

In this paper we study bilinear Hankel forms of higher weights on Hardy spaces in several dimensions. (The Schatten class Hankel forms of higher weights on weighted Bergman spaces have already been studied by Janson and Peetre for one dimension and by Sundhäll for several dimensions). We get a full characterization of Schatten class Hankel forms in terms of conditions for the symbols to be in certain Besov spaces. Also, the Hankel forms are bounded and compact if and only if the symbols satisfy certain Carleson measure criteria and vanishing Carleson measure criteria, respectively.

In this paper, we reinterpret the Colmez conjecture on the Faltings height of CM abelian varieties in terms of Hilbert (and Siegel) modular forms. We construct an elliptic modular form involving the Faltings height of a CM abelian surface and arithmetic intersection numbers, and prove that the Colmez conjecture for CM abelian surfaces is equivalent to the cuspidality of this modular form.

We use the fixed point arrangement technique developed by Goresky and MacPherson to calculate the part of the equivariant cohomology of the affine flag variety $\mathcal{F}\ell_G$ generated by degree 2. We use this result to show that the vertices of the moment map image of $\mathcal{F}\ell_G$ lie on a paraboloid.

The first main result of the paper is a criterion for a partially commutative group $\mathbb G$ to be a domain. It allows us to reduce the study of algebraic sets over $\mathbb G$ to the study of irreducible algebraic sets, and reduce the elementary theory of $\mathbb G$ (of a coordinate group over $\mathbb G$) to the elementary theories of the direct factors of $\mathbb G$ (to the elementary theory of coordinate groups of irreducible algebraic sets). Then we establish normal forms for quantifier-free formulas over a non-abelian directly indecomposable partially commutative group $\mathbb H$. Analogously to the case of free groups, we introduce the notion of a generalised equation and prove that the positive theory of $\mathbb H$ has quantifier elimination and that arbitrary first-order formulas lift from $\mathbb H$ to $\mathbb H\ast F$, where $F$ is a free group of finite rank. As a consequence, the positive theory of an arbitrary partially commutative group is decidable.

We describe a noncommutative deformation theory for presheaves and sheaves of modules that generalizes the commutative deformation theory of these global algebraic structures and the noncommutative deformation theory of modules over algebras due to Laudal. In the first part of the paper, we describe a noncommutative deformation functor for presheaves of modules on a small category and an obstruction theory for this functor in terms of global Hochschild cohomology. An important feature of this obstruction theory is that it can be computed in concrete terms in many interesting cases. In the last part of the paper, we describe a noncommutative deformation functor for quasi-coherent sheaves of modules on a ringed space $(X,\mathcal{A})$. We show that for any good $\mathcal{A}$-affine open cover $\mathsf{U}$ of $X$, the forgetful functor $\mathsf{QCoh}\mathcal{A} \to \mathsf{PreSh}(\mathsf{U}, \mathcal{A})$ induces an isomorphism of noncommutative deformation functors. Applications. We consider noncommutative deformations of quasi-coherent $\mathcal{A}$-modules on $X$ when $(X, \mathcal{A}) = (X, \mathcal{O}_X)$ is a scheme or $(X, \mathcal{A}) = (X, \mathcal{D})$ is a D-scheme in the sense of Beilinson and Bernstein. In these cases, we may use any open affine cover of $X$ closed under finite intersections to compute noncommutative deformations in concrete terms using presheaf methods. We compute the noncommutative deformations of the left $\mathcal{D}_X$-module $\mathcal{D}_X$ when $X$ is an elliptic curve as an example.

This paper answers a question of Broomhead, Montaldi and Sidorov about the existence of gaskets of a particular type related to the Sierpiński sieve. These gaskets are given by iterated function systems that do not satisfy the open set condition. We use the methods of Ngai and Wang to compute the dimension of these gaskets.

We give explicit formulas for Whittaker functions on real semisimple Lie groups of real rank two belonging to the class one principal series representations. By using these formulas we compute certain archimedean zeta integrals.

An x-pseudopower to base g is a positive integer that is not a power of g, yet is so modulo p for all primes $ple x$. We improve an upper bound for the least such number, due to E.~Bach, R.~Lukes, J.~Shallit, and H.~C.~Williams. The method is based on a combination of some bounds of exponential sums with new results about the average behaviour of the multiplicative order of g modulo prime numbers.

A characterization of the Banach spaces of type $C(K)$ that admit an equivalent locally uniformly rotund norm is obtained, and a method to apply it to concrete spaces is developed. As an application the existence of such renorming is deduced when $K$ is a Namioka--Phelps compact or for some particular class of Rosenthal compacta, results which were originally proved with ad hoc methods.

We show that the bicategory of (representable) orbifolds and good maps is equivalent to the bicategory of orbifold translation groupoids and generalized equivariant maps, giving a mechanism for transferring results from equivariant homotopy theory to the orbifold category. As an application, we use this result to define orbifold versions of a couple of equivariant cohomology theories: K-theory and Bredon cohomology for certain coefficient diagrams.

Let $K$ denote a compact real symmetric subset of $\mathbb{C}$ and let $A_{\mathbb R}(K)$ denote the real Banach algebra of all real symmetric continuous functions on $K$ that are analytic in the interior $K^\circ$ of $K$, endowed with the supremum norm. We characterize all unimodular pairs $(f,g)$ in $A_{\mathbb R}(K)^2$ which are reducible. In addition, for an arbitrary compact $K$ in $\mathbb C$, we give a new proof (not relying on Banach algebra theory or elementary stable rank techniques) of the fact that the Bass stable rank of $A(K)$ is $1$. Finally, we also characterize all compact real symmetric sets $K$ such that $A_{\mathbb R}(K)$, respectively $C_{\mathbb R}(K)$, has Bass stable rank $1$.

In this paper we study the supersingular locus of the reduction modulo $p$ of the Shimura variety for $GU(1,s)$ in the case of an inert prime $p$. Using Dieudonné theory we define a stratification of the corresponding moduli space of $p$-divisible groups. We describe the incidence relation of this stratification in terms of the Bruhat--Tits building of a unitary group. In the case of $GU(1,2)$, we show that the supersingular locus is equidimensional of dimension 1 and is of complete intersection. We give an explicit description of the irreducible components and their intersection behaviour.

Let $(T,M)$ be a complete local (Noetherian) ring such that $\dim T\geq 2$ and $|T|=|T/M|$ and let $\{p_i\} _{i \in \mathcal I}$ be a collection of elements of T indexed by a set $\mathcal I$ so that $|\mathcal I | < |T|$. For each $i \in \mathcal{I}$, let $C_i$:={$Q_{i1}$,$\dots$,$Q_{in_i}$} be a set of nonmaximal prime ideals containing $p_i$ such that the $Q_{ij}$ are incomparable and $p_i\in Q_{jk}$ if and only if $i=j$. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions so that T is the ${\bf m}$-adic completion of a local unique factorization domain $(A, {\bf m})$, and for each $i \in \mathcal I$, there exists a unit $t_i$ of T so that $p_{i}t_i \in A$ and $C_i$ is the set of prime ideals $Q$ of $T$ that are maximal with respect to the condition that $Q \cap A = p_{i}t_{i}A$. We then use this result to construct a (nonexcellent) unique factorization domain containing many ideals for which tight closure and completion do not commute. As another application, we construct a unique factorization domain A most of whose formal fibers are geometrically regular.

For a positive finite measure $d\mu(\mathbf{u})$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$ normalized to satisfy $\int_{\mathbb{R}^d}d\mu(\mathbf{u})=1$, the dilated average of $f( \mathbf{x})$ is given by \[ A_tf(\mathbf{x})=\int_{\mathbb{R}^d}f(\mathbf{x}-t\mathbf{u})d\mu(\mathbf{u}). \] It will be shown that under some mild assumptions on $d\mu(\mathbf{u})$ one has the equivalence \[ \|A_tf-f\|_B\approx \inf \{ (\|f-g\|_B+t^2 \|P(D)g\|_B): P(D)g\in B\}\quad\text{for }t>0, \] where $\varphi(t)\approx \psi(t)$ means $c^{-1}\le\varphi(t)/\psi(t)\le c$, $B$ is a Banach space of functions for which translations are continuous isometries and $P(D)$ is an elliptic differential operator induced by $\mu$. Many applications are given, notable among which is the averaging operator with $d\mu(\mathbf{u})= \frac{1}{m(S)}\chi_S(\mathbf{u})d\mathbf{u}$, where $S$ is a bounded convex set in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with an interior point, $m(S)$ is the Lebesgue measure of $S$, and $\chi_S(\mathbf{u})$ is the characteristic function of $S$. The rate of approximation by averages on the boundary of a convex set under more restrictive conditions is also shown to be equivalent to an appropriate $K$-functional.

Let ${ M}_n$ be the algebra of all $n \times n$ matrices over $\mathbb{C}$. We say that $A, B \in { M}_n$ quasi-commute if there exists a nonzero $\xi \in \mathbb{C}$ such that $AB = \xi BA$. In the paper we classify bijective not necessarily linear maps $\Phi \colon M_n \to M_n$ which preserve quasi-commutativity in both directions.

We give an explicit treatment of cubic function fields of characteristic at least five. This includes an efficient technique for converting such a field into standard form, formulae for the field discriminant and the genus, simple necessary and sufficient criteria for non-singularity of the defining curve, and a characterization of all triangular integral bases. Our main result is a description of the signature of any rational place in a cubic extension that involves only the defining curve and the order of the base field. All these quantities only require simple polynomial arithmetic as well as a few square-free polynomial factorizations and, in some cases, square and cube root extraction modulo an irreducible polynomial. We also illustrate why and how signature computation plays an important role in computing the class number of the function field. This in turn has applications to the study of zeros of zeta functions of function fields.

We study extrema of the first and the second mixed eigenvalues of the Laplacian on the disk among some families of Dirichlet--Neumann boundary conditions. We show that the minimizer of the second eigenvalue among all mixed boundary conditions lies in a compact $1$-parameter family for which an explicit description is given. Moreover, we prove that among all partitions of the boundary with bounded number of parts on which Dirichlet and Neumann conditions are imposed alternately, the first eigenvalue is maximized by the uniformly distributed partition.

This paper studies the relationship between vector-valued BMO functions and the Carleson measures defined by their gradients. Let $dA$ and $dm$ denote Lebesgue measures on the unit disc $D$ and the unit circle $\mathbf{T}$, respectively. For $1< q<\infty$ and a Banach space $B$, we prove that there exists a positive constant $c$ such that $$\sup_{z_0\in D}\int_{D}(1-|z|)^{q-1}\|\nabla f(z)\|^q P_{z_0}(z) dA(z) \le c^q\sup_{z_0\in D}\int_{\mathbf{T}}\|f(z)-f(z_0)\|^qP_{z_0}(z) dm(z)$$ holds for all trigonometric polynomials $f$ with coefficients in $B$ if and only if $B$ admits an equivalent norm which is $q$-uniformly convex, where $$P_{z_0}(z)=\frac{1-|z_0|^2}{|1-\bar{z_0}z|^2} .$$ The validity of the converse inequality is equivalent to the existence of an equivalent $q$-uniformly smooth norm.

We investigate generalized amenability and biflatness properties of various (operator) Segal algebras in both the group algebra, $L^1(G)$, and the Fourier algebra, $A(G)$, of a locally compact group~$G$.

A set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the Brascamp--Lieb inequality to hold has recently been found by Bennett, Carbery, Christ, and Tao. We present an analysis of these conditions. This analysis allows us to give a concise description of the set where the inequality holds in the case where each of the linear maps involved has co-rank $1$. This complements the result of Barthe concerning the case where the linear maps all have rank $1$. Pushing our analysis further, we describe the case where the maps have either rank $1$ or rank $2$. A separate but related problem is to give a list of the finite number of conditions necessary and sufficient for the Brascamp--Lieb inequality to hold. We present an algorithm which generates such a list.

Let ${\mathcal T}$ be the $C^\ast $-algebra generated by the Toeplitz operators $\{T_\varphi : \varphi \in L^\infty (S,d\sigma )\}$ on the Hardy space $H^2(S)$ of the unit sphere in $\mathbf{C}^n$. It is well known that ${\mathcal T}$ is contained in the essential commutant of $\{T_\varphi : \varphi \in \operatorname{VMO}\cap L^\infty (S,d\sigma )\}$. We show that the essential commutant of $\{T_\varphi : \varphi \in \operatorname{VMO}\cap L^\infty (S,d\sigma )\}$ is strictly larger than ${\mathcal T}$.

Let $G_n=\mathrm{Sp}_n(F)$ be the rank $n$ symplectic group with entries in a nondyadic $p$-adic field $F$. We further let $\widetilde{G}_n$ be the metaplectic extension of $G_n$ by $\mathbb{C}^{1}=\{z\in\mathbb{C}^{\times} \mid |z|=1\}$ defined using the Leray cocycle. In this paper, we aim to demonstrate the complete list of reducibility points of the genuine principal series of ${\widetilde{G}_2}$. In most cases, we will use some techniques developed by Tadić that analyze the Jacquet modules with respect to all of the parabolics containing a fixed Borel. The exceptional cases involve representations induced from unitary characters $\chi$ with $\chi^2=1$. Because such representations $\pi$ are unitary, to show the irreducibility of $\pi$, it suffices to show that $\dim_{\mathbb{C}}\mathrm{Hom}_{{\widetilde{G}}}(\pi,\pi)=1$. We will accomplish this by examining the poles of certain intertwining operators associated to simple roots. Then some results of Shahidi and Ban decompose arbitrary intertwining operators into a composition of operators corresponding to the simple roots of ${\widetilde{G}_2}$. We will then be able to show that all such operators have poles at principal series representations induced from quadratic characters and therefore such operators do not extend to operators in $\mathrm{Hom}_{{\widetilde{G}_2}}(\pi,\pi)$ for the $\pi$ in question.

For some Banach spaces of analytic functions in the unit disk (weighted Bergman spaces, Bloch space, Dirichlet-type spaces), the isometric pointwise multipliers are found to be unimodular constants. As a consequence, it is shown that none of those spaces have isometric zero-divisors. Isometric coefficient multipliers are also investigated.

A theorem of Tietze and Nakajima, from 1928, asserts that if a subset $X$ of $\mathbb{R}^n$ is closed, connected, and locally convex, then it is convex. We give an analogous ``local to global convexity" theorem when the inclusion map of $X$ to $\mathbb{R}^n$ is replaced by a map from a topological space $X$ to $\mathbb{R}^n$ that satisfies certain local properties. Our motivation comes from the Condevaux--Dazord--Molino proof of the Atiyah--Guillemin--Sternberg convexity theorem in symplectic geometry.

A triangulation of a hyperbolic $3$-manifold is L-thick if each tetrahedron having all vertices in the thick part of $M$ is $L$-bilipschitz diffeomorphic to the standard Euclidean tetrahedron. We show that there exists a fixed constant $L$ such that every complete hyperbolic $3$-manifold has an $L$-thick geodesic triangulation. We use this to prove the existence of universal bounds on the principal curvatures of $\pi_1$-injective surfaces and strongly irreducible Heegaard surfaces in hyperbolic $3$-manifolds.

The fractional Galois ideal is a conjectural improvement on the higher Stickelberger ideals defined at negative integers, and is expected to provide non-trivial annihilators for higher $K$-groups of rings of integers of number fields. In this article, we extend the definition of the fractional Galois ideal to arbitrary (possibly infinite and non-abelian) Galois extensions of number fields under the assumption of Stark's conjectures and prove naturality properties under canonical changes of extension. We discuss applications of this to the construction of ideals in non-commutative Iwasawa algebras.

{Correspondence} between torsion-free connections with {nilpotent skew-symmetric curvature operator} and IP Riemann extensions is shown. Some consequences are derived in the study of four-dimensional IP metrics and locally homogeneous affine surfaces.

S. Stahl conjectured that the zeros of genus polynomials are real. In this note, we disprove this conjecture.

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve, and let $L_n$ be the Kummer extension generated by a primitive $p^n$-th root of unity and a $p^n$-th root of $a$ for a fixed $a\in \mathbb{Q}^\times-\{\pm 1\}$. A detailed case study by Coates, Fukaya, Kato and Sujatha and V. Dokchitser has led these authors to predict unbounded and strikingly regular growth for the rank of $E$ over $L_n$ in certain cases. The aim of this note is to explain how some of these predictions might be accounted for by Heegner points arising from a varying collection of Shimura curve parametrisations.

We address the problem of computing the fundamental group of a symplectic $S^1$-manifold for non-Hamiltonian actions on compact manifolds, and for Hamiltonian actions on non-compact manifolds with a proper moment map. We generalize known results for compact manifolds equipped with a Hamiltonian $S^1$-action. Several examples are presented to illustrate our main results.

Recently, Granville and Soundararajan have made fundamental breakthroughs in the study of character sums. Building on their work and using estimates on short character sums developed by Graham--Ringrose and Iwaniec, we improve the Pólya--Vinogradov inequality for characters with smooth conductor.

Let $\mathbb G$ be a step-two nilpotent group of H-type with Lie algebra $\mathfrak G=V\oplus \mathfrak t$. We define a class of vector fields $X=\{X_j\}$ on $\mathbb G$ depending on a real parameter $k\ge 1$, and we consider the corresponding $p$-Laplacian operator $L_{p,k} u= \operatorname{div}_X (|\nabla_{X} u|^{p-2} \nabla_X u)$. For $k=1$ the vector fields $X=\{X_j\}$ are the left invariant vector fields corresponding to an orthonormal basis of $V$; for $\mathbb G$ being the Heisenberg group the vector fields are the Greiner fields. In this paper we obtain the fundamental solution for the operator $L_{p,k}$ and as an application, we get a Hardy type inequality associated with $X$.

Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a coherent rank $2$ sheaf on a scheme $Y \subset \mathbb{P}^{n}$ of dimension at least two and let $X \subset Y$ be the zero set of a section $\sigma \in H^0(\mathcal{F})$. In this paper, we study the relationship between the functor that deforms the pair $(\mathcal{F},\sigma)$ and the two functors that deform $\mathcal{F}$ on $Y$, and $X$ in $Y$, respectively. By imposing some conditions on two forgetful maps between the functors, we prove that the scheme structure of e.g., the moduli scheme ${\rm M_Y}(P)$ of stable sheaves on a threefold $Y$ at $(\mathcal{F})$, and the scheme structure at $(X)$ of the Hilbert scheme of curves on $Y$ become closely related. Using this relationship, we get criteria for the dimension and smoothness of $ {\rm M_{Y}}(P)$ at $(\mathcal{F})$, without assuming $ {\textrm{Ext}^2}(\mathcal{F} ,\mathcal{F} ) = 0$. For reflexive sheaves on $Y=\mathbb{P}^{3}$ whose deficiency module $M = H_{*}^1(\mathcal{F})$ satisfies $ {_{0}\! \textrm{Ext}^2}(M ,M ) = 0 $ (e.g., of diameter at most 2), we get necessary and sufficient conditions of unobstructedness that coincide in the diameter one case. The conditions are further equivalent to the vanishing of certain graded Betti numbers of the free graded minimal resolution of $H_{*}^0(\mathcal{F})$. Moreover, we show that every irreducible component of ${\rm M}_{\mathbb{P}^{3}}(P)$ containing a reflexive sheaf of diameter one is reduced (generically smooth) and we compute its dimension. We also determine a good lower bound for the dimension of any component of ${\rm M}_{\mathbb{P}^{3}}(P)$ that contains a reflexive stable sheaf with ``small'' deficiency module $M$.

We make conjectures on the moments of the central values of the family of all elliptic curves and on the moments of the first derivative of the central values of a large family of positive rank curves. In both cases the order of magnitude is the same as that of the moments of the central values of an orthogonal family of $L$-functions. Notably, we predict that the critical values of all rank $1$ elliptic curves is logarithmically larger than the rank $1$ curves in the positive rank family. Furthermore, as arithmetical applications, we make a conjecture on the distribution of $a_p$'s amongst all rank $2$ elliptic curves and show how the Riemann hypothesis can be deduced from sufficient knowledge of the first moment of the positive rank family (based on an idea of Iwaniec)

A borderline case function $f$ for $ Q_{\alpha}({\mathbb R^n})$ spaces is defined as a Haar wavelet decomposition, with the coefficients depending on a fixed parameter $\beta>0$. On its support $I_0=[0, 1]^n$, $f(x)$ can be expressed by the binary expansions of the coordinates of $x$. In particular, $f=f_{\beta}\in Q_{\alpha}({\mathbb R^n})$ if and only if $\alpha<\beta<\frac{n}{2}$, while for $\beta=\alpha$, it was shown by Yue and Dafni that $f$ satisfies a John--Nirenberg inequality for $ Q_{\alpha}({\mathbb R^n})$. When $\beta\neq 1$, $f$ is a self-affine function. It is continuous almost everywhere and discontinuous at all dyadic points inside $I_0$. In addition, it is not monotone along any coordinate direction in any small cube. When the parameter $\beta\in (0, 1)$, $f$ is onto from $I_0$ to $[-\frac{1}{1-2^{-\beta}}, \frac{1}{1-2^{-\beta}}]$, and the graph of $f$ has a non-integer fractal dimension $n+1-\beta$.

Very ampleness criteria for rank $2$ vector bundles over smooth, ruled surfaces over rational and elliptic curves are given. The criteria are then used to settle open existence questions for some special threefolds of low degree.

We prove that the ranks of the subsets and the activities of the bases of a matroid define valuations for the subdivisions of a matroid polytope into smaller matroid polytopes.

We prove that the quantum cohomology ring of any minuscule or cominuscule homogeneous space, specialized at $q=1$, is semisimple. This implies that complex conjugation defines an algebra automorphism of the quantum cohomology ring localized at the quantum parameter. We check that this involution coincides with the strange duality defined in our previous article. We deduce Vafa--Intriligator type formulas for the Gromov--Witten invariants.

Let $L$ be an oriented Lagrangian submanifold in an $n$-dimensional Kähler manifold~$M$. Let $u \colon D \to M$ be a minimal immersion from a disk $D$ with $u(\partial D) \subset L$ such that $u(D)$ meets $L$ orthogonally along $u(\partial D)$. Then the real dimension of the space of admissible holomorphic variations is at least $n+\mu(E,F)$, where $\mu(E,F)$ is a boundary Maslov index; the minimal disk is holomorphic if there exist $n$ admissible holomorphic variations that are linearly independent over $\mathbb{R}$ at some point $p \in \partial D$; if $M = \mathbb{C}P^n$ and $u$ intersects $L$ positively, then $u$ is holomorphic if it is stable, and its Morse index is at least $n+\mu(E,F)$ if $u$ is unstable.

Let $\mathcal{D}$ be the $n$-dimensional Lie ball and let $\mathbf{B}(S)$ be the space of hyperfunctions on the Shilov boundary $S$ of $\mathcal{D}$. The aim of this paper is to give a necessary and sufficient condition on the generalized Poisson transform $P_{l,\lambda}f$ of an element $f$ in the space $\mathbf{B}(S)$ for $f$ to be in $ L^{p}(S)$, $1 > p > \infty.$ Namely, if $F$ is the Poisson transform of some $f\in \mathbf{B}(S)$ (i.e., $F=P_{l,\lambda}f$), then for any $l\in \mathbb{Z}$ and $\lambda\in \mathbb{C}$ such that $\mathcal{R}e[i\lambda] > \frac{n}{2}-1$, we show that $f\in L^{p}(S)$ if and only if $f$ satisfies the growth condition $$ \|F\|_{\lambda,p}=\sup_{0\leq r < 1}(1-r^{2})^{\mathcal{R}e[i\lambda]-\frac{n}{2}+l}\Big[\int_{S}|F(ru)|^{p}du \Big]^{\frac{1}{p}} < +\infty. $$

An inductive approach to classifying all toric Fano varieties is given. As an application of this technique, we present a classification of the toric Fano threefolds with at worst canonical singularities. Up to isomorphism, there are $674,\!688$ such varieties.

In this paper we construct an analogue of Iwahori--Hecke algebras of $\operatorname{SL}_2$ over $2$-dimensional local fields. After considering coset decompositions of double cosets of a Iwahori subgroup, we define a convolution product on the space of certain functions on $\operatorname{SL}_2$, and prove that the product is well-defined, obtaining a Hecke algebra. Then we investigate the structure of the Hecke algebra. We determine the center of the Hecke algebra and consider Iwahori--Matsumoto type relations.

We give an explicit construction of polynomial (of arbitrary degree) $(\alpha,\beta)$-metrics with scalar flag curvature and determine their scalar flag curvature. These Finsler metrics contain all non-trivial projectively flat $(\alpha,\beta)$-metrics of constant flag curvature.

In this paper we prove holomorphy for certain intertwining operators arising from the theory of Eisenstein series. To do that we need to normalize using the Langlands--Shahidi's normalization arising from the twisted endoscopy and the associated representations of the general linear group.

We calculate the group of homotopy classes of homotopy self-equivalences of $4$-manifolds with free fundamental group and obtain a classification of such $4$-manifolds up to $s$-cobordism.

We investigate equality cases in inequalities for Sylvester-type functionals. Namely, it was proven by Campi, Colesanti, and Gronchi that the quantity $$ \int_{x_0\in K}\cdots\int_{x_n\in K}[V(\textrm{conv}\{x_0,\dots,x_n\})]^pdx_0\cdots dx_n , n\geq d, p\geq 1 $$ is maximized by triangles among all planar convex bodies $K$ (parallelograms in the symmetric case). We show that these are the only maximizers, a fact proven by Giannopoulos for $p=1$. Moreover, if $h$: $\mathbb{R}_+\rightarrow \mathbb{R}_+$ is a strictly increasing function and $W_j$ is the $j$-th quermassintegral in $\mathbb{R}^d$, we prove that the functional $$ \int_{x_0\in K_0}\cdots\int_{x_n\in K_n}h(W_j(\textrm{conv}\{x_0,\dots,x_n\}))dx_0\cdots dx_n , n \geq d $$ is minimized among the $(n+1)$-tuples of convex bodies of fixed volumes if and only if $K_0,\dots,K_n$ are homothetic ellipsoids when $j=0$ (extending a result of Groemer) and Euclidean balls with the same center when $j>0$ (extending a result of Hartzoulaki and Paouris).

Let $\mu$ be a nonnegative Radon measure on $\mathbb{R}^d$ that satisfies the growth condition that there exist constants $C_0>0$ and $n\in(0,d]$ such that for all $x\in\mathbb{R}^d$ and $r>0$, ${\mu(B(x,\,r))\le C_0r^n}$, where $B(x,r)$ is the open ball centered at $x$ and having radius $r$. In this paper, the authors prove that if $f$ belongs to the $\textrm {BMO}$-type space $\textrm{RBMO}(\mu)$ of Tolsa, then the homogeneous maximal function $\dot{\mathcal{M}}_S(f)$ (when $\mathbb{R}^d$ is not an initial cube) and the inhomogeneous maximal function $\mathcal{M}_S(f)$ (when $\mathbb{R}^d$ is an initial cube) associated with a given approximation of the identity $S$ of Tolsa are either infinite everywhere or finite almost everywhere, and in the latter case, $\dot{\mathcal{M}}_S$ and $\mathcal{M}_S$ are bounded from $\textrm{RBMO}(\mu)$ to the $\textrm {BLO}$-type space $\textrm{RBLO}(\mu)$. The authors also prove that the inhomogeneous maximal operator $\mathcal{M}_S$ is bounded from the local $\textrm {BMO}$-type space $\textrm{rbmo}(\mu)$ to the local $\textrm {BLO}$-type space $\textrm{rblo}(\mu)$.