This paper is devoted to the study of certain zeta distributions associated with simple non-Euclidean Jordan algebras. An explicit form of the corresponding functional equation and Bernstein-type identities is obtained.

Let $G$ be a finite group and $\chi$ be an irreducible character of $G$. An efficient and simple method to construct representations of finite groups is applicable whenever $G$ has a subgroup $H$ such that $\chi_H$ has a linear constituent with multiplicity $1$. In this paper we show (with a few exceptions) that if $G$ is a simple group or a covering group of a simple group and $\chi$ is an irreducible character of $G$ of degree less than 32, then there exists a subgroup $H$ (often a Sylow subgroup) of $G$ such that $\chi_H$ has a linear constituent with multiplicity $1$.

We show that certain $C^*$-algebras which have been studied by, among others, Arzumanian, Vershik, Deaconu, and Renault, in connection with a measure-preserving transformation of a measure space or a covering map of a compact space, are special cases of the endomorphism crossed-product construction recently introduced by the first named author. As a consequence these algebras are given presentations in terms of generators and relations. These results come as a consequence of a general theorem on faithfulness of representations which are covariant with respect to certain circle actions. For the case of topologically free covering maps we prove a stronger result on faithfulness of representations which needs no covariance. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for simplicity.

In this paper we study nonlinear elliptic problems of Neumann type driven by the $p$-Laplac\-ian differential operator. We look for situations guaranteeing the existence of multiple solutions. First we study problems which are strongly resonant at infinity at the first (zero) eigenvalue. We prove five multiplicity results, four for problems with nonsmooth potential and one for problems with a $C^1$-potential. In the last part, for nonsmooth problems in which the potential eventually exhibits a strict super-$p$-growth under a symmetry condition, we prove the existence of infinitely many pairs of nontrivial solutions. Our approach is variational based on the critical point theory for nonsmooth functionals. Also we present some results concerning the first two elements of the spectrum of the negative $p$-Laplacian with Neumann boundary condition.

We define a motivic analogue of the Haar measure for groups of the form $G(k\llp t\rrp)$, where~$k$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and $G$ is a reductive algebraic group defined over $k$. A classical Haar measure on such groups does not exist since they are not locally compact. We use the theory of motivic integration introduced by M.~Kontsevich to define an additive function on a certain natural Boolean algebra of subsets of $G(k\llp t\rrp)$. This function takes values in the so-called dimensional completion of the Grothendieck ring of the category of varieties over the base field. It is invariant under translations by all elements of $G(k\llp t\rrp)$, and therefore we call it a motivic analogue of Haar measure. We give an explicit construction of the motivic Haar measure, and then prove that the result is independent of all the choices that are made in the process.

Let $p$ be a prime number $\geq 5$ and $a,b,c$ be non zero natural numbers. Using the works of K. Ribet and A. Wiles on the modular representations, we get new results about the description of the primitive solutions of the diophantine equation $ax^p+by^p=cz^2$, in case the product of the prime divisors of $abc$ divides $2\ell$, with $\ell$ an odd prime number. For instance, under some conditions on $a,b,c$, we provide a constant $f(a,b,c)$ such that there are no such solutions if $p>f(a,b,c)$. In application, we obtain information concerning the $\Q$-rational points of hyperelliptic curves given by the equation $y^2=x^p+d$ with $d\in \Z$.

We prove $L^p(\mathbb T^2)$ boundedness, $1<p\leq 2$, of variable coefficients singular integrals that generalize the double Hilbert transform and present two phases that may be of very rough nature. These operators are involved in problems of a.e. convergence of double Fourier series, likely in the role played by the Hilbert transform in the proofs of a.e. convergence of one dimensional Fourier series. The proof due to C.Fefferman provides a basis for our method.

The aim of this paper is to extend the structure theory for infinitely generated modules over tame hereditary algebras to the more general case of modules over concealed canonical algebras. Using tilting, we may assume that we deal with canonical algebras. The investigation is centered around the generic and the Pr\"{u}fer modules, and how other modules are determined by these modules.

We investigate a class of Lie algebras which we call {\it generalized reductive Lie algebras}. These are generalizations of semi-simple, reductive, and affine Kac--Moody Lie algebras. A generalized reductive Lie algebra which has an irreducible root system is said to be {\it irreducible\/} and we note that this class of algebras has been under intensive investigation in recent years. They have also been called {\it extended affine Lie algebras}. The larger class of generalized reductive Lie algebras has not been so intensively investigated. We study them in this paper and note that one way they arise is as fixed point subalgebras of finite order automorphisms. We show that the core modulo the center of a generalized reductive Lie algebra is a direct sum of centerless Lie tori. Therefore one can use the results known about the classification of centerless Lie tori to classify the cores modulo centers of generalized reductive Lie algebras.

We prove convergence of diagonal multipoint Pad\'e approximants of Stieltjes-type functions when a certain moment problem is determinate. This is used for the study of the convergence of Fourier--Pad\'e and nonlinear Fourier--Pad\'e approximants for such type of functions.

The aim here is to define connections on a parabolic principal bundle. Some applications are given.

A method, due to \'Elie Cartan, is used to give an algebraic classification of the non-reductive homogeneous pseudo-Riemannian manifolds of dimension four. Only one case with Lorentz signature can be Einstein without having constant curvature, and two cases with $(2,2)$ signature are Einstein of which one is Ricci-flat. If a four-dimensional non-reductive homogeneous pseudo-Riemannian manifold is simply connected, then it is shown to be diffeomorphic to $\reals^4$. All metrics for the simply connected non-reductive Einstein spaces are given explicitly. There are no non-reductive pseudo-Riemannian homogeneous spaces of dimension two and none of dimension three with connected isotropy subgroup.

Nous \'etudions les r\'esonances de Rayleigh cr\'e\'ees par une boule en dimension deux et trois. Nous savons qu'elles convergent exponentiellement vite vers l'axe r\'eel. Nous calculons exactement les fonctions r\'esonantes associ\'ees puis nous les estimons asymptotiquement en fonction de la partie r\'eelle des r\'esonances. L'application de la formule de Green nous donne alors le taux de d\'ecroissance exponentielle de la partie imaginaire des r\'esonances.

We study reducibility of representations parabolically induced from discrete series representations of $SU_n(F)$ for $F$ a $p$-adic field of characteristic zero. We use the approach of studying the relation between $R$-groups when a reductive subgroup of a quasi-split group and the full group have the same derived group. We use restriction to show the quotient of $R$-groups is in natural bijection with a group of characters. Applying this to $SU_n(F)\subset U_n(F)$ we show the $R$ group for $SU_n$ is the semidirect product of an $R$-group for $U_n(F)$ and this group of characters. We derive results on non-abelian $R$-groups and generic elliptic representations as well.

Let $M$ be the product of two compact Hamiltonian $T$-spaces $X$ and $Y$. We present a formula for evaluating integrals on the symplectic reduction of $M$ by the diagonal $T$ action. At every regular value of the moment map for $X\times Y$, the integral is the convolution of two distributions associated to the symplectic reductions of $X$ by $T$ and of $Y$ by $T$. Several examples illustrate the computational strength of this relationship. We also prove a linear analogue which can be used to find cohomology pairings on toric orbifolds.

The first eigenvalue of the Laplacian on a surface can be viewed as a functional on the space of Riemannian metrics of a given area. Critical points of this functional are called extremal metrics. The only known extremal metrics are a round sphere, a standard projective plane, a Clifford torus and an equilateral torus. We construct an extremal metric on a Klein bottle. It is a metric of revolution, admitting a minimal isometric embedding into a sphere ${\mathbb S}^4$ by the first eigenfunctions. Also, this Klein bottle is a bipolar surface for Lawson's $\tau_{3,1}$-torus. We conjecture that an extremal metric for the first eigenvalue on a Klein bottle is unique, and hence it provides a sharp upper bound for $\lambda_1$ on a Klein bottle of a given area. We present numerical evidence and prove the first results towards this conjecture.

The following problem has been suggested by Paul Tur\' an. Let $\Omega$ be a symmetric convex body in the Euclidean space $\mathbb R^d$ or in the torus $\TT^d$. Then, what is the largest possible value of the integral of positive definite functions that are supported in $\Omega$ and normalized with the value $1$ at the origin? From this, Arestov, Berdysheva and Berens arrived at the analogous pointwise extremal problem for intervals in $\RR$. That is, under the same conditions and normalizations, the supremum of possible function values at $z$ is to be found for any given point $z\in\Omega$. However, it turns out that the problem for the real line has already been solved by Boas and Kac, who gave several proofs and also mentioned possible extensions to $\RR^d$ and to non-convex domains as well. Here we present another approach to the problem, giving the solution in $\RR^d$ and for several cases in~$\TT^d$. Actually, we elaborate on the fact that the problem is essentially one-dimensional and investigate non-convex open domains as well. We show that the extremal problems are equivalent to some more familiar ones concerning trigonometric polynomials, and thus find the extremal values for a few cases. An analysis of the relationship between the problem for $\RR^d$ and that for $\TT^d$ is given, showing that the former case is just the limiting case of the latter. Thus the hierarchy of difficulty is established, so that extremal problems for trigonometric polynomials gain renewed recognition.

We introduce a new conjecture concerning the construction of elements in the annihilator ideal associated to a Galois action on the higher-dimensional algebraic $K$-groups of rings of integers in number fields. Our conjecture is motivic in the sense that it involves the (transcendental) Borel regulator as well as being related to $l$-adic \'{e}tale cohomology. In addition, the conjecture generalises the well-known Coates--Sinnott conjecture. For example, for a totally real extension when $r = -2, -4, -6, \dotsc$ the Coates--Sinnott conjecture merely predicts that zero annihilates $K_{-2r}$ of the ring of $S$-integers while our conjecture predicts a non-trivial annihilator. By way of supporting evidence, we prove the corresponding (conjecturally equivalent) conjecture for the Galois action on the \'{e}tale cohomology of the cyclotomic extensions of the rationals.

Positive solutions are obtained for the boundary value problem \[\begin{cases} -( | u'| ^{p-2}u')' =\lambda f( t,u),\;t\in ( 0,1) ,p>1\\ u( 0) =u(1) =0. \end{cases} \] Here $f(t,u) \geq -M,$ ($M$ is a positive constant) for $(t,u) \in [0\mathinner{,}1] \times (0,\infty )$. We will show the existence of two positive solutions by using degree theory together with the upper-lower solution method.

This is a note on the classical Waring's problem for algebraic forms. Fix integers $(n,d,r,s)$, and let $\Lambda$ be a general $r$-dimensional subspace of degree $d$ homogeneous polynomials in $n+1$ variables. Let $\mathcal{A}$ denote the variety of $s$-sided polar polyhedra of $\Lambda$. We carry out a case-by-case study of the structure of $\mathcal{A}$ for several specific values of $(n,d,r,s)$. In the first batch of examples, $\mathcal{A}$ is shown to be a rational variety. In the second batch, $\mathcal{A}$ is a finite set of which we calculate the cardinality.}

We extend the extension theorems to weighted Sobolev spaces $L^p_{w,k}(\mathcal D)$ on $(\varepsilon,\delta)$ domains with doubling weight $w$ that satisfies a Poincar\'e inequality and such that $w^{-1/p}$ is locally $L^{p'}$. We also make use of the main theorem to improve weighted Sobolev interpolation inequalities.

In this paper we primarily consider two natural subgroups of the autohomeomorphism group of the real line $\R$, endowed with the compact-open topology. First, we prove that the subgroup of homeomorphisms that map the set of rational numbers $\Q$ onto itself is homeomorphic to the infinite power of $\Q$ with the product topology. Secondly, the group consisting of homeomorphisms that map the pseudoboundary onto itself is shown to be homeomorphic to the hyperspace of nonempty compact subsets of $\Q$ with the Vietoris topology. We obtain similar results for the Cantor set but we also prove that these results do not extend to $\R^n$ for $n\ge 2$, by linking the groups in question with Erd\H os space.

We consider Hausdorff and quasi-Hausdorff matrices as operators on classical spaces of analytic functions such as the Hardy and the Bergman spaces, the Dirichlet space, the Bloch spaces and $\BMOA$. When the generating sequence of the matrix is the moment sequence of a measure $\mu$, we find the conditions on $\mu$ which are equivalent to the boundedness of the matrix on the various spaces.

We prove, for a field $K$ which is cyclic of odd prime power degree over the rationals, that the annihilator of the quotient of the units of $K$ by a suitable large subgroup (constructed from circular units) annihilates what we call the non-genus part of the class group. This leads to stronger annihilation results for the whole class group than a routine application of the Rubin--Thaine method would produce, since the part of the class group determined by genus theory has an obvious large annihilator which is not detected by that method; this is our reason for concentrating on the non-genus part. The present work builds on and strengthens previous work of the authors; the proofs are more conceptual now, and we are also able to construct an example which demonstrates that our results cannot be easily sharpened further.

In the Euclidean plane $\mathbb{R}^{2}$, we define the Minkowski difference $\mathcal{K}-\mathcal{L}$ of two arbitrary convex bodies $\mathcal{K}$, $\mathcal{L}$ as a rectifiable closed curve $\mathcal{H}_{h}\subset \mathbb{R} ^{2}$ that is determined by the difference $h=h_{\mathcal{K}}-h_{\mathcal{L} } $ of their support functions. This curve $\mathcal{H}_{h}$ is called the hedgehog with support function $h$. More generally, the object of hedgehog theory is to study the Brunn--Minkowski theory in the vector space of Minkowski differences of arbitrary convex bodies of Euclidean space $\mathbb{R} ^{n+1}$, defined as (possibly singular and self-intersecting) hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$. Hedgehog theory is useful for: (i) studying convex bodies by splitting them into a sum in order to reveal their structure; (ii) converting analytical problems into geometrical ones by considering certain real functions as support functions. The purpose of this paper is to give a detailed study of plane hedgehogs, which constitute the basis of the theory. In particular: (i) we study their length measures and solve the extension of the Christoffel--Minkowski problem to plane hedgehogs; (ii) we characterize support functions of plane convex bodies among support functions of plane hedgehogs and support functions of plane hedgehogs among continuous functions; (iii) we study the mixed area of hedgehogs in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ and give an extension of the classical Minkowski inequality (and thus of the isoperimetric inequality) to hedgehogs.

In this paper we generalise the concept of a Steinberg cross section to non-connected affine Kac--Moody groups. This Steinberg cross section is a section to the restriction of the adjoint quotient map to a given exterior connected component of the affine Kac--Moody group. (The adjoint quotient is only defined on a certain submonoid of the entire group, however, the intersection of this submonoid with each connected component is non-void.) The image of the Steinberg cross section consists of a ``twisted Coxeter cell'', a transversal slice to a twisted Coxeter element. A crucial point in the proof of the main result is that the image of the cross section can be endowed with a $\Cst$-action.

ABSTRACT The equality of the centralizer and twisted centralizer is proved based on a case-by-case analysis when the unipotent radical of a maximal parabolic subgroup is abelian. Then this result is used to determine the poles of intertwining operators.

Let $\Gamma \subset \SO(3,1)$ be a lattice. The well known bending deformations, introduced by \linebreak Thurston and Apanasov, can be used to construct non-trivial curves of representations of $\Gamma$ into $\SO(4,1)$ when $\Gamma \backslash \hype{3}$ contains an embedded totally geodesic surface. A tangent vector to such a curve is given by a non-zero group cohomology class in $\H^1(\Gamma, \mink{4})$. Our main result generalizes this construction of cohomology to the context of ``branched'' totally geodesic surfaces. We also consider a natural generalization of the famous cuspidal cohomology problem for the Bianchi groups (to coefficients in non-trivial representations), and perform calculations in a finite range. These calculations lead directly to an interesting example of a link complement in $S^3$ which is not infinitesimally rigid in $\SO(4,1)$. The first order deformations of this link complement are supported on a piecewise totally geodesic $2$-complex.

On a compact connected group $G$, consider the infinitesimal generator $-L$ of a central symmetric Gaussian convolution semigroup $(\mu_t)_{t>0}$. Using appropriate notions of distribution and smooth function spaces, we prove that $L$ is hypoelliptic if and only if $(\mu_t)_{t>0} $ is absolutely continuous with respect to Haar measure and admits a continuous density $x\mapsto \mu_t(x)$, $t>0$, such that $\lim_{t\ra 0} t\log \mu_t(e)=0$. In particular, this condition holds if and only if any Borel measure $u$ which is solution of $Lu=0$ in an open set $\Omega$ can be represented by a continuous function in $\Omega$. Examples are discussed.

We show that the value distribution (complex oscillation) of solutions of certain periodic second order ordinary differential equations studied by Bank, Laine and Langley is closely related to confluent hypergeometric functions, Bessel functions and Bessel polynomials. As a result, we give a complete characterization of the zero-distribution in the sense of Nevanlinna theory of the solutions for two classes of the ODEs. Our approach uses special functions and their asymptotics. New results concerning finiteness of the number of zeros (finite-zeros) problem of Bessel and Coulomb wave functions with respect to the parameters are also obtained as a consequence. We demonstrate that the problem for the remaining class of ODEs not covered by the above ``special function approach" can be described by a classical Heine problem for differential equations that admit polynomial solutions.

The decomposability number of a von Neumann algebra $\m$ (denoted by $\dec(\m)$) is the greatest cardinality of a family of pairwise orthogonal non-zero projections in $\m$. In this paper, we explore the close connection between $\dec(\m)$ and the cardinal level of the Mazur property for the predual $\m_*$ of $\m$, the study of which was initiated by the second author. Here, our main focus is on those von Neumann algebras whose preduals constitute such important Banach algebras on a locally compact group $G$ as the group algebra $\lone$, the Fourier algebra $A(G)$, the measure algebra $M(G)$, the algebra $\luc^*$, etc. We show that for any of these von Neumann algebras, say $\m$, the cardinal number $\dec(\m)$ and a certain cardinal level of the Mazur property of $\m_*$ are completely encoded in the underlying group structure. In fact, they can be expressed precisely by two dual cardinal invariants of $G$: the compact covering number $\kg$ of $G$ and the least cardinality $\bg$ of an open basis at the identity of $G$. We also present an application of the Mazur property of higher level to the topological centre problem for the Banach algebra $\ag^{**}$.

Let $K$ be a number field, $\overline{K}$ an algebraic closure of $K$ and $E/K$ an elliptic curve defined over $K$. In this paper, we prove that if $E/K$ has a $K$-rational point $P$ such that $2P\neq O$ and $3P\neq O$, then for each $\sigma\in \Gal(\overline{K}/K)$, the Mordell--Weil group $E(\overline{K}^{\sigma})$ of $E$ over the fixed subfield of $\overline{K}$ under $\sigma$ has infinite rank.

We characterize diametrically maximal and constant width sets in $C(K)$, where $K$ is any compact Hausdorff space. These results are applied to prove that the sum of two diametrically maximal sets needs not be diametrically maximal, thus solving a question raised in a paper by Groemer. A~characterization of diametrically maximal sets in $\ell_1^3$ is also given, providing a negative answer to Groemer's problem in finite dimensional spaces. We characterize constant width sets in $c_0(I)$, for every $I$, and then we establish the connections between the Jung constant of a Banach space and the existence of constant width sets with empty interior. Porosity properties of families of sets of constant width and rotundity properties of diametrically maximal sets are also investigated. Finally, we present some results concerning non-reflexive and Hilbert spaces.

In a previous article, we studied the distribution of ``low-lying" zeros of the family of quad\-ratic Dirichlet $L$-functions assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis for all Dirichlet $L$-functions. Even with this very strong assumption, we were limited to using weight functions whose Fourier transforms are supported in the interval $(-2,2)$. However, it is widely believed that this restriction may be removed, and this leads to what has become known as the One-Level Density Conjecture for the zeros of this family of quadratic $L$-functions. In this note, we make use of Weil's explicit formula as modified by Besenfelder to prove an analogue of this conjecture.

The Banach convolution algebras $l^1(\omega)$ and their continuous counterparts $L^1(\bR^+,\omega)$ are much studied, because (when the submultiplicative weight function $\omega$ is radical) they are pretty much the prototypic examples of commutative radical Banach algebras. In cases of ``nice'' weights $\omega$, the only closed ideals they have are the obvious, or ``standard'', ideals. But in the general case, a brilliant but very difficult paper of Marc Thomas shows that nonstandard ideals exist in $l^1(\omega)$. His proof was successfully exported to the continuous case $L^1(\bR^+,\omega)$ by Dales and McClure, but remained difficult. In this paper we first present a small improvement: a new and easier proof of the existence of nonstandard ideals in $l^1(\omega)$ and $L^1(\bR^+,\omega)$. The new proof is based on the idea of a ``nonstandard dual pair'' which we introduce. We are then able to make a much larger improvement: we find nonstandard ideals in $L^1(\bR^+,\omega)$ containing functions whose supports extend all the way down to zero in $\bR^+$, thereby solving what has become a notorious problem in the area.

Selick and Wu gave a functorial decomposition of $\Omega\Sigma X$ for path-connected, $p$-local \linebreak$\CW$\nbd-com\-plexes $X$ which obtained the smallest nontrivial functorial retract $A^{\min}(X)$ of $\Omega\Sigma X$. This paper uses methods developed by the second author in order to extend such functorial decompositions to the loops on coassociative co-$H$ spaces.

Soit $F$ un corps local non archim\'edien, et $G$ le groupe des $F$-points d'un groupe r\'eductif connexe quasi-d\'eploy\'e d\'efini sur $F$. Dans cet article, on s'int\'eresse aux distributions sur $G$ invariantes par conjugaison, et \`a l'espace de leurs restrictions \`a l'alg\`ebre de Hecke $\mathcal{H}$ des fonctions sur $G$ \`a support compact biinvariantes par un sous-groupe d'Iwahori $I$ donn\'e. On montre tout d'abord que les valeurs d'une telle distribution sur $\mathcal{H}$ sont enti\`erement d\'etermin\'ees par sa restriction au sous-espace de dimension finie des \'el\'ements de $\mathcal{H}$ \`a support dans la r\'eunion des sous-groupes parahoriques de $G$ contenant $I$. On utilise ensuite cette propri\'et\'e pour montrer, moyennant certaines conditions sur $G$, que cet espace est engendr\'e d'une part par certaines int\'egrales orbitales semi-simples, d'autre part par les int\'egrales orbitales unipotentes, en montrant tout d'abord des r\'esultats analogues sur les groupes finis.

We compute some Hodge and Betti numbers of the moduli space of stable rank $r$, degree $d$ vector bundles on a smooth projective curve. We do not assume $r$ and $d$ are coprime. In the process we equip the cohomology of an arbitrary algebraic stack with a functorial mixed Hodge structure. This Hodge structure is computed in the case of the moduli stack of rank $r$, degree $d$ vector bundles on a curve. Our methods also yield a formula for the Poincar\'e polynomial of the moduli stack that is valid over any ground field. In the last section we use the previous sections to give a proof that the Tamagawa number of $\sln$ is one.

Connections between behaviour of real analytic functions (with no negative Maclaurin series coefficients and radius of convergence one) on the open unit interval, and to a lesser extent on arcs of the unit circle, are explored, beginning with Karamata's approach. We develop conditions under which the asymptotics of the coefficients are related to the values of the function near $1$; specifically, $a(n)\sim f(1-1/n)/ \alpha n$ (for some positive constant $\alpha$), where $f(t)=\sum a(n)t^n$. In particular, if $F=\sum c(n) t^n$ where $c(n) \geq 0$ and $\sum c(n)=1$, then $f$ defined as $(1-F)^{-1}$ (the renewal or Green's function for $F$) satisfies this condition if $F'$ does (and a minor additional condition is satisfied). In come cases, we can show that the absolute sum of the differences of consecutive Maclaurin coefficients converges. We also investigate situations in which less precise asymptotics are available.

The Casselman--Shalika method is a way to compute explicit formulas for periods of irreducible unramified representations of $p$-adic groups that are associated to unique models (i.e., multiplicity-free induced representations). We apply this method to the case of the Shalika model of $GL_n$, which is known to distinguish lifts from odd orthogonal groups. In the course of our proof, we further develop a variant of the method, that was introduced by Y. Hironaka, and in effect reduce many such problems to straightforward calculations on the group.

The Feichtinger conjecture is considered for three special families of frames. It is shown that if a wavelet frame satisfies a certain weak regularity condition, then it can be written as the finite union of Riesz basic sequences each of which is a wavelet system. Moreover, the above is not true for general wavelet frames. It is also shown that a sup-adjoint Gabor frame can be written as the finite union of Riesz basic sequences. Finally, we show how existing techniques can be applied to determine whether frames of translates can be written as the finite union of Riesz basic sequences. We end by giving an example of a frame of translates such that any Riesz basic subsequence must consist of highly irregular translates.

For monotone complete $C^*$-algebras $A\subset B$ with $A$ contained in $B$ as a monotone closed $C^*$-subalgebra, the relation $X = AsA$ gives a bijection between the set of all monotone closed linear subspaces $X$ of $B$ such that $AX + XA \subset X$ and $XX^* + X^*X \subset A$ and a set of certain partial isometries $s$ in the ``normalizer" of $A$ in $B$, and similarly for the map $s \mapsto \Ad s$ between the latter set and a set of certain ``partial $*$-automorphisms" of $A$. We introduce natural inverse semigroup structures in the set of such $X$'s and the set of partial $*$-automorphisms of $A$, modulo a certain relation, so that the composition of these maps induces an inverse semigroup homomorphism between them. For a large enough $B$ the homomorphism becomes surjective and all the partial $*$-automorphisms of $A$ are realized via partial isometries in $B$. In particular, the inverse semigroup associated with a type ${\rm II}_1$ von Neumann factor, modulo the outer automorphism group, can be viewed as the fundamental group of the factor. We also consider the $C^*$-algebra version of these results.

Dans un travail ant\'erieur, nous avions montr\'e que l'induite parabolique (normalis\'ee) d'une repr\'esentation irr\'eductible cuspidale $\sigma $ d'un sous-groupe de Levi $M$ d'un groupe $p$-adique contient un sous-quotient de carr\'e int\'egrable, si et seulement si la fonction $\mu $ de Harish-Chandra a un p\^ole en $\sigma $ d'ordre \'egal au rang parabolique de $M$. L'objet de cet article est d'interpr\'eter ce r\'esultat en termes de fonctorialit\'e de Langlands.

Soient $F$ un corps commutatif localement compact non archim\'edien, $G=\GL (n,F)$ pour un entier $n\geq 2$, et $\kappa$ un caract\`ere de $F^\times$ trivial sur $(F^\times)^n$. On prouve une formule pour les $\kappa$-int\'egrales orbitales r\'eguli\`eres sur $G$ permettant, si $F$ est de caract\'eristique $>0$, de les relever \`a la caract\'eristique nulle. On en d\'eduit deux r\'esultats nouveaux en caract\'eristique $>0$\,: le ``lemme fondamental'' pour l'induction automorphe, et une version simple de la formule des traces tordue locale d'Arthur reliant $\kappa$-int\'egrales orbitales elliptiques et caract\`eres $\kappa$-tordus. Cette formule donne en particulier, pour une s\'erie $\kappa$-discr\`ete de $G$, les $\kappa$-int\'egrales orbitales elliptiques d'un pseudo-coefficient comme valeurs du caract\`ere $\kappa$-tordu.

We produce a complete description of the lattice of gauge-invariant ideals in $C^*(\Lambda)$ for a finitely aligned $k$-graph $\Lambda$. We provide a condition on $\Lambda$ under which every ideal is gauge-invariant. We give conditions on $\Lambda$ under which $C^*(\Lambda)$ satisfies the hypotheses of the Kirchberg--Phillips classification theorem.

We give the general structure of complex (resp., real) $G$-graded contractions of Lie algebras where $G$ is an arbitrary finite Abelian group. For this purpose, we introduce a number of concepts, such as pseudobasis, higher-order identities, and sign invariants. We characterize the equivalence classes of $G$-graded contractions by showing that our set of invariants (support, higher-order identities, and sign invariants) is complete, which yields a classification.

No abstract.