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26. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 1010)

Galé, José E.; Miana, Pedro J.
 $H^\infty$ Functional Calculus and Mikhlin-Type Multiplier Conditions Let $T$ be a sectorial operator. It is known that the existence of a bounded (suitably scaled) $H^\infty$ calculus for $T$, on every sector containing the positive half-line, is equivalent to the existence of a bounded functional calculus on the Besov algebra $\Lambda_{\infty,1}^\alpha(\R^+)$. Such an algebra includes functions defined by Mikhlin-type conditions and so the Besov calculus can be seen as a result on multipliers for $T$. In this paper, we use fractional derivation to analyse in detail the relationship between $\Lambda_{\infty,1}^\alpha$ and Banach algebras of Mikhlin-type. As a result, we obtain a new version of the quoted equivalence. Keywords:functional calculus, fractional calculus, Mikhlin multipliers, analytic semigroups, unbounded operators, quasimultipliersCategories:47A60, 47D03, 46J15, 26A33, 47L60, 47B48, 43A22

27. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 758)

Bercovici, H.; Foias, C.; Pearcy, C.
 On the Hyperinvariant Subspace Problem. IV This paper is a continuation of three recent articles concerning the structure of hyperinvariant subspace lattices of operators on a (separable, infinite dimensional) Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$. We show herein, in particular, that there exists a universal'' fixed block-diagonal operator $B$ on $\mathcal{H}$ such that if $\varepsilon>0$ is given and $T$ is an arbitrary nonalgebraic operator on $\mathcal{H}$, then there exists a compact operator $K$ of norm less than $\varepsilon$ such that (i) $\Hlat(T)$ is isomorphic as a complete lattice to $\Hlat(B+K)$ and (ii) $B+K$ is a quasidiagonal, $C_{00}$, (BCP)-operator with spectrum and left essential spectrum the unit disc. In the last four sections of the paper, we investigate the possible structures of the hyperlattice of an arbitrary algebraic operator. Contrary to existing conjectures, $\Hlat(T)$ need not be generated by the ranges and kernels of the powers of $T$ in the nilpotent case. In fact, this lattice can be infinite. Category:47A15

28. CJM 2008 (vol 60 pp. 520)

Chen, Chang-Pao; Huang, Hao-Wei; Shen, Chun-Yen
 Matrices Whose Norms Are Determined by Their Actions on Decreasing Sequences Let $A=(a_{j,k})_{j,k \ge 1}$ be a non-negative matrix. In this paper, we characterize those $A$ for which $\|A\|_{E, F}$ are determined by their actions on decreasing sequences, where $E$ and $F$ are suitable normed Riesz spaces of sequences. In particular, our results can apply to the following spaces: $\ell_p$, $d(w,p)$, and $\ell_p(w)$. The results established here generalize ones given by Bennett; Chen, Luor, and Ou; Jameson; and Jameson and Lashkaripour. Keywords:norms of matrices, normed Riesz spaces, weighted mean matrices, NÃ¶rlund mean matrices, summability matrices, matrices with row decreasingCategories:15A60, 40G05, 47A30, 47B37, 46B42

29. CJM 2007 (vol 59 pp. 1207)

Bu, Shangquan; Le, Christian
 $H^p$-Maximal Regularity and Operator Valued Multipliers on Hardy Spaces We consider maximal regularity in the $H^p$ sense for the Cauchy problem $u'(t) + Au(t) = f(t)\ (t\in \R)$, where $A$ is a closed operator on a Banach space $X$ and $f$ is an $X$-valued function defined on $\R$. We prove that if $X$ is an AUMD Banach space, then $A$ satisfies $H^p$-maximal regularity if and only if $A$ is Rademacher sectorial of type $<\frac{\pi}{2}$. Moreover we find an operator $A$ with $H^p$-maximal regularity that does not have the classical $L^p$-maximal regularity. We prove a related Mikhlin type theorem for operator valued Fourier multipliers on Hardy spaces $H^p(\R;X)$, in the case when $X$ is an AUMD Banach space. Keywords:$L^p$-maximal regularity, $H^p$-maximal regularity, Rademacher boundednessCategories:42B30, 47D06

30. CJM 2007 (vol 59 pp. 966)

Forrest, Brian E.; Runde, Volker; Spronk, Nico
 Operator Amenability of the Fourier Algebra in the $\cb$-Multiplier Norm Let $G$ be a locally compact group, and let $A_{\cb}(G)$ denote the closure of $A(G)$, the Fourier algebra of $G$, in the space of completely bounded multipliers of $A(G)$. If $G$ is a weakly amenable, discrete group such that $\cstar(G)$ is residually finite-dimensional, we show that $A_{\cb}(G)$ is operator amenable. In particular, $A_{\cb}(\free_2)$ is operator amenable even though $\free_2$, the free group in two generators, is not an amenable group. Moreover, we show that if $G$ is a discrete group such that $A_{\cb}(G)$ is operator amenable, a closed ideal of $A(G)$ is weakly completely complemented in $A(G)$ if and only if it has an approximate identity bounded in the $\cb$-multiplier norm. Keywords:$\cb$-multiplier norm, Fourier algebra, operator amenability, weak amenabilityCategories:43A22, 43A30, 46H25, 46J10, 46J40, 46L07, 47L25

31. CJM 2007 (vol 59 pp. 614)

Labuschagne, C. C. A.
 Preduals and Nuclear Operators Associated with Bounded, $p$-Convex, $p$-Concave and Positive $p$-Summing Operators We use Krivine's form of the Grothendieck inequality to renorm the space of bounded linear maps acting between Banach lattices. We construct preduals and describe the nuclear operators associated with these preduals for this renormed space of bounded operators as well as for the spaces of $p$-convex, $p$-concave and positive $p$-summing operators acting between Banach lattices and Banach spaces. The nuclear operators obtained are described in terms of factorizations through classical Banach spaces via positive operators. Keywords:$p$-convex operator, $p$-concave operator, $p$-summing operator, Banach space, Banach lattice, nuclear operator, sequence spaceCategories:46B28, 47B10, 46B42, 46B45

32. CJM 2007 (vol 59 pp. 638)

MacDonald, Gordon W.
 Distance from Idempotents to Nilpotents We give bounds on the distance from a non-zero idempotent to the set of nilpotents in the set of $n\times n$ matrices in terms of the norm of the idempotent. We construct explicit idempotents and nilpotents which achieve these distances, and determine exact distances in some special cases. Keywords:operator, matrix, nilpotent, idempotent, projectionCategories:47A15, 47D03, 15A30

33. CJM 2007 (vol 59 pp. 393)

Servat, E.
 Le splitting pour l'opÃ©rateur de Klein--Gordon: une approche heuristique et numÃ©rique Dans cet article on \'etudie la diff\'erence entre les deux premi\eres valeurs propres, le splitting, d'un op\'erateur de Klein--Gordon semi-classique unidimensionnel, dans le cas d'un potentiel sym\'etrique pr\'esentant un double puits. Dans le cas d'une petite barri\ere de potentiel, B. Helffer et B. Parisse ont obtenu des r\'esultats analogues \a ceux existant pour l'op\'erateur de Schr\"odinger. Dans le cas d'une grande barri\ere de potentiel, on obtient ici des estimations des tranform\'ees de Fourier des fonctions propres qui conduisent \a une conjecture du splitting. Des calculs num\'eriques viennent appuyer cette conjecture. Categories:35P05, 34L16, 34E05, 47A10, 47A70

34. CJM 2006 (vol 58 pp. 859)

 Nonstandard Ideals from Nonstandard Dual Pairs for $L^1(\omega)$ and $l^1(\omega)$ The Banach convolution algebras $l^1(\omega)$ and their continuous counterparts $L^1(\bR^+,\omega)$ are much studied, because (when the submultiplicative weight function $\omega$ is radical) they are pretty much the prototypic examples of commutative radical Banach algebras. In cases of nice'' weights $\omega$, the only closed ideals they have are the obvious, or standard'', ideals. But in the general case, a brilliant but very difficult paper of Marc Thomas shows that nonstandard ideals exist in $l^1(\omega)$. His proof was successfully exported to the continuous case $L^1(\bR^+,\omega)$ by Dales and McClure, but remained difficult. In this paper we first present a small improvement: a new and easier proof of the existence of nonstandard ideals in $l^1(\omega)$ and $L^1(\bR^+,\omega)$. The new proof is based on the idea of a nonstandard dual pair'' which we introduce. We are then able to make a much larger improvement: we find nonstandard ideals in $L^1(\bR^+,\omega)$ containing functions whose supports extend all the way down to zero in $\bR^+$, thereby solving what has become a notorious problem in the area. Keywords:Banach algebra, radical, ideal, standard ideal, semigroupCategories:46J45, 46J20, 47A15

35. CJM 2006 (vol 58 pp. 548)

 Hausdorff and Quasi-Hausdorff Matrices on Spaces of Analytic Functions We consider Hausdorff and quasi-Hausdorff matrices as operators on classical spaces of analytic functions such as the Hardy and the Bergman spaces, the Dirichlet space, the Bloch spaces and $\BMOA$. When the generating sequence of the matrix is the moment sequence of a measure $\mu$, we find the conditions on $\mu$ which are equivalent to the boundedness of the matrix on the various spaces. Categories:47B38, 46E15, 40G05, 42A20
 Strictly Singular and Cosingular Multiplications Let $L(X)$ be the space of bounded linear operators on the Banach space $X$. We study the strict singularity andcosingularity of the two-sided multiplication operators $S \mapsto ASB$ on $L(X)$, where $A,B \in L(X)$ are fixed bounded operators and $X$ is a classical Banach space. Let $1 Categories:47B47, 46B28 37. CJM 2005 (vol 57 pp. 771) Schrohe, E.; Seiler, J.  The Resolvent of Closed Extensions of Cone Differential Operators We study closed extensions$\underline A$of an elliptic differential operator$A$on a manifold with conical singularities, acting as an unbounded operator on a weighted$L_p$-space. Under suitable conditions we show that the resolvent$(\lambda-\underline A)^{-1}$exists in a sector of the complex plane and decays like$1/|\lambda|$as$|\lambda|\to\infty$. Moreover, we determine the structure of the resolvent with enough precision to guarantee existence and boundedness of imaginary powers of$\underline A$. As an application we treat the Laplace--Beltrami operator for a metric with straight conical degeneracy and describe domains yielding maximal regularity for the Cauchy problem$\dot{u}-\Delta u=f$,$u(0)=0$. Keywords:Manifolds with conical singularities, resolvent, maximal regularityCategories:35J70, 47A10, 58J40 38. CJM 2005 (vol 57 pp. 506) Gross, Leonard; Grothaus, Martin  Reverse Hypercontractivity for Subharmonic Functions Contractivity and hypercontractivity properties of semigroups are now well understood when the generator,$A$, is a Dirichlet form operator. It has been shown that in some holomorphic function spaces the semigroup operators,$e^{-tA}$, can be bounded {\it below} from$L^p$to$L^q$when$p,q$and$t$are suitably related. We will show that such lower boundedness occurs also in spaces of subharmonic functions. Keywords:Reverse hypercontractivity, subharmonicCategories:58J35, 47D03, 47D07, 32Q99, 60J35 39. CJM 2005 (vol 57 pp. 225) Booss-Bavnbek, Bernhelm; Lesch, Matthias; Phillips, John  Unbounded Fredholm Operators and Spectral Flow We study the gap (= projection norm'' = graph distance'') topology of the space of all (not necessarily bounded) self-adjoint Fredholm operators in a separable Hilbert space by the Cayley transform and direct methods. In particular, we show the surprising result that this space is connected in contrast to the bounded case. Moreover, we present a rigorous definition of spectral flow of a path of such operators (actually alternative but mutually equivalent definitions) and prove the homotopy invariance. As an example, we discuss operator curves on manifolds with boundary. Categories:58J30, 47A53, 19K56, 58J32 40. CJM 2005 (vol 57 pp. 61) Binding, Paul; Strauss, Vladimir  On Operators with Spectral Square but without Resolvent Points Decompositions of spectral type are obtained for closed Hilbert space operators with empty resolvent set, but whose square has closure which is spectral. Krein space situations are also discussed. Keywords:unbounded operators, closed operators,, spectral resolution, indefinite metricCategories:47A05, 47A15, 47B40, 47B50, 46C20 41. CJM 2004 (vol 56 pp. 742) Jiang, Chunlan  Similarity Classification of Cowen-Douglas Operators Let$\cal H$be a complex separable Hilbert space and${\cal L}({\cal H})$denote the collection of bounded linear operators on${\cal H}$. An operator$A$in${\cal L}({\cal H})$is said to be strongly irreducible, if${\cal A}^{\prime}(T)$, the commutant of$A$, has no non-trivial idempotent. An operator$A$in${\cal L}({\cal H})$is said to a Cowen-Douglas operator, if there exists$\Omega$, a connected open subset of$C$, and$n$, a positive integer, such that (a)${\Omega}{\subset}{\sigma}(A)=\{z{\in}C; A-z {\text {not invertible}}\};$(b)$\ran(A-z)={\cal H}$, for$z$in$\Omega$; (c)$\bigvee_{z{\in}{\Omega}}$\ker$(A-z)={\cal H}$and (d)$\dim \ker(A-z)=n$for$z$in$\Omega$. In the paper, we give a similarity classification of strongly irreducible Cowen-Douglas operators by using the$K_0$-group of the commutant algebra as an invariant. Categories:47A15, 47C15, 13E05, 13F05 42. CJM 2004 (vol 56 pp. 277) Dostanić, Milutin R.  Spectral Properties of the Commutator of Bergman's Projection and the Operator of Multiplication by an Analytic Function It is shown that the singular values of the operator$aP-Pa$, where$P$is Bergman's projection over a bounded domain$\Omega$and$a$is a function analytic on$\bar{\Omega}$, detect the length of the boundary of$a(\Omega)$. Also we point out the relation of that operator and the spectral asymptotics of a Hankel operator with an anti-analytic symbol. Category:47B10 43. CJM 2004 (vol 56 pp. 134) Li, Chi-Kwong; Sourour, Ahmed Ramzi  Linear Operators on Matrix Algebras that Preserve the Numerical Range, Numerical Radius or the States Every norm$\nu$on$\mathbf{C}^n$induces two norm numerical ranges on the algebra$M_n$of all$n\times n$complex matrices, the spatial numerical range $$W(A)= \{x^*Ay : x, y \in \mathbf{C}^n,\nu^D(x) = \nu(y) = x^*y = 1\},$$ where$\nu^D$is the norm dual to$\nu$, and the algebra numerical range $$V(A) = \{ f(A) : f \in \mathcal{S} \},$$ where$\mathcal{S}$is the set of states on the normed algebra$M_n$under the operator norm induced by$\nu$. For a symmetric norm$\nu$, we identify all linear maps on$M_n$that preserve either one of the two norm numerical ranges or the set of states or vector states. We also identify the numerical radius isometries, {\it i.e.}, linear maps that preserve the (one) numerical radius induced by either numerical range. In particular, it is shown that if$\nu$is not the$\ell_1$,$\ell_2$, or$\ell_\infty$norms, then the linear maps that preserve either numerical range or either set of states are inner'', {\it i.e.}, of the form$A\mapsto Q^*AQ$, where$Q$is a product of a diagonal unitary matrix and a permutation matrix and the numerical radius isometries are unimodular scalar multiples of such inner maps. For the$\ell_1$and the$\ell_\infty$norms, the results are quite different. Keywords:Numerical range, numerical radius, state, isometryCategories:15A60, 15A04, 47A12, 47A30 44. CJM 2003 (vol 55 pp. 1264) Havin, Victor; Mashreghi, Javad  Admissible Majorants for Model Subspaces of$H^2$, Part II: Fast Winding of the Generating Inner Function This paper is a continuation of \cite{HM02I}. We consider the model subspaces$K_\Theta=H^2\ominus\Theta H^2$of the Hardy space$H^2$generated by an inner function$\Theta$in the upper half plane. Our main object is the class of admissible majorants for$K_\Theta$, denoted by$\Adm \Theta$and consisting of all functions$\omega$defined on$\mathbb{R}$such that there exists an$f \ne 0$,$f \in K_\Theta$satisfying$|f(x)|\leq\omega(x)$almost everywhere on$\mathbb{R}$. Firstly, using some simple Hilbert transform techniques, we obtain a general multiplier theorem applicable to any$K_\Theta$generated by a meromorphic inner function. In contrast with \cite{HM02I}, we consider the generating functions$\Theta$such that the unit vector$\Theta(x)$winds up fast as$x$grows from$-\infty$to$\infty$. In particular, we consider$\Theta=B$where$B$is a Blaschke product with horizontal'' zeros, {\it i.e.}, almost uniformly distributed in a strip parallel to and separated from$\mathbb{R}$. It is shown, among other things, that for any such$B$, any even$\omega$decreasing on$(0,\infty)$with a finite logarithmic integral is in$\Adm B$(unlike the vertical'' case treated in \cite{HM02I}), thus generalizing (with a new proof) a classical result related to$\Adm\exp(i\sigma z)$,$\sigma>0$. Some oscillating$\omega$'s in$\Adm B$are also described. Our theme is related to the Beurling-Malliavin multiplier theorem devoted to$\Adm\exp(i\sigma z)$,$\sigma>0$, and to de~Branges' space$\mathcal{H}(E)$. Keywords:Hardy space, inner function, shift operator, model, subspace, Hilbert transform, admissible majorantCategories:30D55, 47A15 45. CJM 2003 (vol 55 pp. 1231) Havin, Victor; Mashreghi, Javad  Admissible Majorants for Model Subspaces of$H^2$, Part I: Slow Winding of the Generating Inner Function A model subspace$K_\Theta$of the Hardy space$H^2 = H^2 (\mathbb{C}_+)$for the upper half plane$\mathbb{C}_+$is$H^2(\mathbb{C}_+) \ominus \Theta H^2(\mathbb{C}_+)$where$\Theta$is an inner function in$\mathbb{C}_+$. A function$\omega \colon \mathbb{R}\mapsto[0,\infty)$is called {\it an admissible majorant\/} for$K_\Theta$if there exists an$f \in K_\Theta$,$f \not\equiv 0$,$|f(x)|\leq \omega(x)$almost everywhere on$\mathbb{R}$. For some (mainly meromorphic)$\Theta$'s some parts of$\Adm\Theta$(the set of all admissible majorants for$K_\Theta$) are explicitly described. These descriptions depend on the rate of growth of$\arg \Theta$along$\mathbb{R}$. This paper is about slowly growing arguments (slower than$x$). Our results exhibit the dependence of$\Adm B$on the geometry of the zeros of the Blaschke product$B$. A complete description of$\Adm B$is obtained for$B$'s with purely imaginary (`vertical'') zeros. We show that in this case a unique minimal admissible majorant exists. Keywords:Hardy space, inner function, shift operator, model, subspace, Hilbert transform, admissible majorantCategories:30D55, 47A15 46. CJM 2003 (vol 55 pp. 449) Albeverio, Sergio; Makarov, Konstantin A.; Motovilov, Alexander K.  Graph Subspaces and the Spectral Shift Function We obtain a new representation for the solution to the operator Sylvester equation in the form of a Stieltjes operator integral. We also formulate new sufficient conditions for the strong solvability of the operator Riccati equation that ensures the existence of reducing graph subspaces for block operator matrices. Next, we extend the concept of the Lifshits-Krein spectral shift function associated with a pair of self-adjoint operators to the case of pairs of admissible operators that are similar to self-adjoint operators. Based on this new concept we express the spectral shift function arising in a perturbation problem for block operator matrices in terms of the angular operators associated with the corresponding perturbed and unperturbed eigenspaces. Categories:47B44, 47A10, 47A20, 47A40 47. CJM 2003 (vol 55 pp. 379) Stessin, Michael; Zhu, Kehe  Generalized Factorization in Hardy Spaces and the Commutant of Toeplitz Operators Every classical inner function$\varphi$in the unit disk gives rise to a certain factorization of functions in Hardy spaces. This factorization, which we call the generalized Riesz factorization, coincides with the classical Riesz factorization when$\varphi(z)=z$. In this paper we prove several results about the generalized Riesz factorization, and we apply this factorization theory to obtain a new description of the commutant of analytic Toeplitz operators with inner symbols on a Hardy space. We also discuss several related issues in the context of the Bergman space. Categories:47B35, 30D55, 47A15 48. CJM 2002 (vol 54 pp. 1142) Binding, Paul; Ćurgus, Branko  Form Domains and Eigenfunction Expansions for Differential Equations with Eigenparameter Dependent Boundary Conditions Form domains are characterized for regular$2n$-th order differential equations subject to general self-adjoint boundary conditions depending affinely on the eigenparameter. Corresponding modes of convergence for eigenfunction expansions are studied, including uniform convergence of the first$n-1$derivatives. Categories:47E05, 34B09, 47B50, 47B25, 34L10 49. CJM 2002 (vol 54 pp. 998) Dimassi, Mouez  Resonances for Slowly Varying Perturbations of a Periodic SchrÃ¶dinger Operator We study the resonances of the operator$P(h) = -\Delta_x + V(x) + \varphi(hx)$. Here$V$is a periodic potential,$\varphi$a decreasing perturbation and$h$a small positive constant. We prove the existence of shape resonances near the edges of the spectral bands of$P_0 = -\Delta_x + V(x)$, and we give its asymptotic expansions in powers of$h^{\frac12}$. Categories:35P99, 47A60, 47A40 50. CJM 2001 (vol 53 pp. 1031) Sampson, G.; Szeptycki, P.  The Complete$(L^p,L^p)$Mapping Properties of Some Oscillatory Integrals in Several Dimensions We prove that the operators$\int_{\mathbb{R}_+^2} e^{ix^a \cdot y^b} \varphi (x,y) f(y)\, dy$map$L^p(\mathbb{R}^2)$into itself for$p \in J =\bigl[\frac{a_l+b_l}{a_l+(\frac{b_l r}{2})},\frac{a_l+b_l} {a_l(1-\frac{r}{2})}\bigr]$if$a_l,b_l\ge 1$and$\varphi(x,y)=|x-y|^{-r}$,$0\le r <2$, the result is sharp. Generalizations to dimensions$d>2\$ are indicated. Categories:42B20, 46B70, 47G10