Ramanujan famously found congruences like $p(5n+4)\equiv 0 \operatorname{mod} 5$ for the partition function. We provide a method to find all simple congruences of this type in the coefficients of the inverse of a modular form on $\Gamma_{1}(4)$ that is non-vanishing on the upper half plane. This is applied to answer open questions about the (non)-existence of congruences in the generating functions for overpartitions, crank differences, and 2-colored $F$-partitions.

The $j$-function acts as a parametrization of the classical modular curve. Its values at complex multiplication (CM) points are called singular moduli and are algebraic integers. A Shimura curve is a generalization of the modular curve and, if the Shimura curve has genus~$0$, a rational parameterizing function exists and when evaluated at a CM point is again algebraic over~$\mathbf{Q}$. This paper shows that the coordinate maps given by N.~Elkies for the Shimura curves associated to the quaternion algebras with discriminants $6$ and $10$ are Borcherds lifts of vector-valued modular forms. This property is then used to explicitly compute the rational norms of singular moduli on these curves. This method not only verifies conjectural values for the rational CM points, but also provides a way of algebraically calculating the norms of CM points with arbitrarily large negative discriminant.

For a maximal torus in a quasi-split semi-simple simply-connected group over a local field of characteristic $0$, Langlands and Shelstad constructed a cohomological invariant called the splitting invariant, which is an important component of their endoscopic transfer factors. We study this invariant in the case of a split real group and prove a decomposition theorem which expresses this invariant for a general torus as a product of the corresponding invariants for simple tori. We also show how this reduction formula allows for the comparison of splitting invariants between different tori in the given real group.

The similar sublattices of a planar lattice can be classified via its multiplier ring. The latter is the ring of rational integers in the generic case, and an order in an imaginary quadratic field otherwise. Several classes of examples are discussed, with special emphasis on concrete results. In particular, we derive Dirichlet series generating functions for the number of distinct similar sublattices of a given index, and relate them to zeta functions of orders in imaginary quadratic fields.

Let $G$ be the $F$-rational points of the symplectic group $Sp_{2n}$, where $F$ is a non-Archimedean local field of characteristic $0$. Cogdell, Kim, Piatetski-Shapiro, and Shahidi constructed local Langlands functorial lifting from irreducible generic representations of $G$ to irreducible representations of $GL_{2n+1}(F)$. Jiang and Soudry constructed the descent map from irreducible supercuspidal representations of $GL_{2n+1}(F)$ to those of $G$, showing that the local Langlands functorial lifting from the irreducible supercuspidal generic representations is surjective. In this paper, based on above results, using the same descent method of studying $SO_{2n+1}$ as Jiang and Soudry, we will show the rest of local Langlands functorial lifting is also surjective, and for any local Langlands parameter $\phi \in \Phi(G)$, we construct a representation $\sigma$ such that $\phi$ and $\sigma$ have the same twisted local factors. As one application, we prove the $G$-case of a conjecture of Gross-Prasad and Rallis, that is, a local Langlands parameter $\phi \in \Phi(G)$ is generic, i.e., the representation attached to $\phi$ is generic, if and only if the adjoint $L$-function of $\phi$ is holomorphic at $s=1$. As another application, we prove for each Arthur parameter $\psi$, and the corresponding local Langlands parameter $\phi_{\psi}$, the representation attached to $\phi_{\psi}$ is generic if and only if $\phi_{\psi}$ is tempered.

We calculate reducibility for the representations of metaplectic groups induced from cuspidal representations of maximal parabolic subgroups via theta correspondence, in terms of the analogous representations of the odd orthogonal groups. We also describe the lifts of all relevant subquotients.

In this note we search the parameter space of Horrocks-Mumford quintic threefolds and locate a Calabi-Yau threefold that is modular, in the sense that the $L$-function of its middle-dimensional cohomology is associated with a classical modular form of weight 4 and level 55.

In this paper, we give several pictorial fractal representations of the ample or Kähler cone for surfaces in a certain class of $K3$ surfaces. The class includes surfaces described by smooth $(2,2,2)$ forms in ${\mathbb P^1\times\mathbb P^1\times \mathbb P^1}$ defined over a sufficiently large number field $K$ that have a line parallel to one of the axes and have Picard number four. We relate the Hausdorff dimension of this fractal to the asymptotic growth of orbits of curves under the action of the surface's group of automorphisms. We experimentally estimate the Hausdorff dimension of the fractal to be $1.296 \pm .010$.

Let $S_{k}(\Gamma)$ be the space of holomorphic cusp forms of even integral weight $k$ for the full modular group. Let $\lambda_f(n)$ and $\lambda_g(n)$ be the $n$-th normalized Fourier coefficients of two holomorphic Hecke eigencuspforms $f(z), g(z) \in S_{k}(\Gamma)$, respectively. In this paper we are able to show the following results about higher moments of Fourier coefficients of holomorphic cusp forms.\newline (i) For any $\varepsilon>0$, we have \begin{equation*} \sum_{n\leq x}\lambda_f^5(n) \ll_{f,\varepsilon}x^{\frac{15}{16}+\varepsilon} \quad\text{and}\quad\sum_{n\leq x}\lambda_f^7(n) \ll_{f,\varepsilon}x^{\frac{63}{64}+\varepsilon}. \end{equation*} (ii) If $\operatorname{sym}^3\pi_f \ncong \operatorname{sym}^3\pi_g$, then for any $\varepsilon>0$, we have \begin{equation*} \sum_{n \leq x}\lambda_f^3(n)\lambda_g^3(n)\ll_{f,\varepsilon}x^{\frac{31}{32}+\varepsilon}; \end{equation*} If $\operatorname{sym}^2\pi_f \ncong \operatorname{sym}^2\pi_g$, then for any $\varepsilon>0$, we have \[ \sum_{n \leq x}\lambda_f^4(n)\lambda_g^2(n)=cx\log x+c'x+O_{f,\varepsilon}\bigl(x^{\frac{31}{32}+\varepsilon}\bigr); \] If $\operatorname{sym}^2\pi_f \ncong \operatorname{sym}^2\pi_g$ and $\operatorname{sym}^4\pi_f \ncong \operatorname{sym}^4\pi_g$, then for any $\varepsilon>0$, we have \[ \sum_{n \leq x}\lambda_f^4(n)\lambda_g^4(n)=xP(\log x)+O_{f,\varepsilon}\bigl(x^{\frac{127}{128}+\varepsilon}\bigr), \] where $P(x)$ is a polynomial of degree $3$.

Let $f$ be a normalized Hecke eigenform with rational integer Fourier coefficients. It is an interesting question to know how often an integer $n$ has a factor common with the $n$-th Fourier coefficient of $f$. It has been shown in previous papers that this happens very often. In this paper, we give an asymptotic formula for the number of integers $n$ for which $(n, a(n)) = 1$, where $a(n)$ is the $n$-th Fourier coefficient of a normalized Hecke eigenform $f$ of weight $2$ with rational integer Fourier coefficients and having complex multiplication.

In a previous paper the authors showed that, under some technical conditions, the local Galois representations attached to the members of a non-CM family of ordinary cusp forms are indecomposable for all except possibly finitely many members of the family. In this paper we use deformation theoretic methods to give examples of non-CM families for which every classical member of weight at least two has a locally indecomposable Galois representation.

We prove the holomorphic continuation of certain multi-variable multiple zeta-functions whose coefficients satisfy a suitable recurrence condition. In fact, we introduce more general vectorial zeta-functions and prove their holomorphic continuation. Moreover, we show a vectorial sum formula among those vectorial zeta-functions from which some generalizations of the classical sum formula can be deduced.

In this paper, we study the non-vanishing and transcendence of special values of a varying class of $L$-functions and their derivatives. This allows us to investigate the transcendence of Petersson norms of certain weight one modular forms.

Let $\mathcal{D}$ be the $n$-dimensional Lie ball and let $\mathbf{B}(S)$ be the space of hyperfunctions on the Shilov boundary $S$ of $\mathcal{D}$. The aim of this paper is to give a necessary and sufficient condition on the generalized Poisson transform $P_{l,\lambda}f$ of an element $f$ in the space $\mathbf{B}(S)$ for $f$ to be in $ L^{p}(S)$, $1 > p > \infty.$ Namely, if $F$ is the Poisson transform of some $f\in \mathbf{B}(S)$ (i.e., $F=P_{l,\lambda}f$), then for any $l\in \mathbb{Z}$ and $\lambda\in \mathbb{C}$ such that $\mathcal{R}e[i\lambda] > \frac{n}{2}-1$, we show that $f\in L^{p}(S)$ if and only if $f$ satisfies the growth condition $$ \|F\|_{\lambda,p}=\sup_{0\leq r < 1}(1-r^{2})^{\mathcal{R}e[i\lambda]-\frac{n}{2}+l}\Big[\int_{S}|F(ru)|^{p}du \Big]^{\frac{1}{p}} < +\infty. $$

We investigate the number of integral solutions possessed by a pair of diagonal cubic equations in a large box. Provided that the number of variables in the system is at least fourteen, and in addition the number of variables in any non-trivial linear combination of the underlying forms is at least eight, we obtain an asymptotic formula for the number of integral solutions consistent with the product of local densities associated with the system.

The fractional Galois ideal is a conjectural improvement on the higher Stickelberger ideals defined at negative integers, and is expected to provide non-trivial annihilators for higher $K$-groups of rings of integers of number fields. In this article, we extend the definition of the fractional Galois ideal to arbitrary (possibly infinite and non-abelian) Galois extensions of number fields under the assumption of Stark's conjectures and prove naturality properties under canonical changes of extension. We discuss applications of this to the construction of ideals in non-commutative Iwasawa algebras.

We make conjectures on the moments of the central values of the family of all elliptic curves and on the moments of the first derivative of the central values of a large family of positive rank curves. In both cases the order of magnitude is the same as that of the moments of the central values of an orthogonal family of $L$-functions. Notably, we predict that the critical values of all rank $1$ elliptic curves is logarithmically larger than the rank $1$ curves in the positive rank family. Furthermore, as arithmetical applications, we make a conjecture on the distribution of $a_p$'s amongst all rank $2$ elliptic curves and show how the Riemann hypothesis can be deduced from sufficient knowledge of the first moment of the positive rank family (based on an idea of Iwaniec)

Recently, Granville and Soundararajan have made fundamental breakthroughs in the study of character sums. Building on their work and using estimates on short character sums developed by Graham--Ringrose and Iwaniec, we improve the Pólya--Vinogradov inequality for characters with smooth conductor.

Let $G_n=\mathrm{Sp}_n(F)$ be the rank $n$ symplectic group with entries in a nondyadic $p$-adic field $F$. We further let $\widetilde{G}_n$ be the metaplectic extension of $G_n$ by $\mathbb{C}^{1}=\{z\in\mathbb{C}^{\times} \mid |z|=1\}$ defined using the Leray cocycle. In this paper, we aim to demonstrate the complete list of reducibility points of the genuine principal series of ${\widetilde{G}_2}$. In most cases, we will use some techniques developed by Tadić that analyze the Jacquet modules with respect to all of the parabolics containing a fixed Borel. The exceptional cases involve representations induced from unitary characters $\chi$ with $\chi^2=1$. Because such representations $\pi$ are unitary, to show the irreducibility of $\pi$, it suffices to show that $\dim_{\mathbb{C}}\mathrm{Hom}_{{\widetilde{G}}}(\pi,\pi)=1$. We will accomplish this by examining the poles of certain intertwining operators associated to simple roots. Then some results of Shahidi and Ban decompose arbitrary intertwining operators into a composition of operators corresponding to the simple roots of ${\widetilde{G}_2}$. We will then be able to show that all such operators have poles at principal series representations induced from quadratic characters and therefore such operators do not extend to operators in $\mathrm{Hom}_{{\widetilde{G}_2}}(\pi,\pi)$ for the $\pi$ in question.

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve, and let $L_n$ be the Kummer extension generated by a primitive $p^n$-th root of unity and a $p^n$-th root of $a$ for a fixed $a\in \mathbb{Q}^\times-\{\pm 1\}$. A detailed case study by Coates, Fukaya, Kato and Sujatha and V. Dokchitser has led these authors to predict unbounded and strikingly regular growth for the rank of $E$ over $L_n$ in certain cases. The aim of this note is to explain how some of these predictions might be accounted for by Heegner points arising from a varying collection of Shimura curve parametrisations.

This paper answers a question of Broomhead, Montaldi and Sidorov about the existence of gaskets of a particular type related to the Sierpiński sieve. These gaskets are given by iterated function systems that do not satisfy the open set condition. We use the methods of Ngai and Wang to compute the dimension of these gaskets.

We give an explicit treatment of cubic function fields of characteristic at least five. This includes an efficient technique for converting such a field into standard form, formulae for the field discriminant and the genus, simple necessary and sufficient criteria for non-singularity of the defining curve, and a characterization of all triangular integral bases. Our main result is a description of the signature of any rational place in a cubic extension that involves only the defining curve and the order of the base field. All these quantities only require simple polynomial arithmetic as well as a few square-free polynomial factorizations and, in some cases, square and cube root extraction modulo an irreducible polynomial. We also illustrate why and how signature computation plays an important role in computing the class number of the function field. This in turn has applications to the study of zeros of zeta functions of function fields.

In this paper we study the supersingular locus of the reduction modulo $p$ of the Shimura variety for $GU(1,s)$ in the case of an inert prime $p$. Using Dieudonné theory we define a stratification of the corresponding moduli space of $p$-divisible groups. We describe the incidence relation of this stratification in terms of the Bruhat--Tits building of a unitary group. In the case of $GU(1,2)$, we show that the supersingular locus is equidimensional of dimension 1 and is of complete intersection. We give an explicit description of the irreducible components and their intersection behaviour.

We give explicit formulas for Whittaker functions on real semisimple Lie groups of real rank two belonging to the class one principal series representations. By using these formulas we compute certain archimedean zeta integrals.

Let $H$ be the Hilbert class field of a CM number field $K$ with maximal totally real subfield $F$ of degree $n$ over $\mathbb{Q}$. We evaluate the second term in the Taylor expansion at $s=0$ of the Galois-equivariant $L$-function $\Theta_{S_{\infty}}(s)$ associated to the unramified abelian characters of $\operatorname{Gal}(H/K)$. This is an identity in the group ring $\mathbb{C}[\operatorname{Gal}(H/K)]$ expressing $\Theta^{(n)}_{S_{\infty}}(0)$ as essentially a linear combination of logarithms of special values $\{\Psi(z_{\sigma})\}$, where $\Psi\colon \mathbb{H}^{n} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a Hilbert modular function for a congruence subgroup of $SL_{2}(\mathcal{O}_{F})$ and $\{z_{\sigma}: \sigma \in \operatorname{Gal}(H/K)\}$ are CM points on a universal Hilbert modular variety. We apply this result to express the relative class number $h_{H}/h_{K}$ as a rational multiple of the determinant of an $(h_{K}-1) \times (h_{K}-1)$ matrix of logarithms of ratios of special values $\Psi(z_{\sigma})$, thus giving rise to candidates for higher analogs of elliptic units. Finally, we obtain a product formula for $\Psi(z_{\sigma})$ in terms of exponentials of special values of $L$-functions.