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1. CJM Online first

Marquis, Timothée; Neeb, Karl-Hermann
 Isomorphisms of twisted Hilbert loop algebras The closest infinite dimensional relatives of compact Lie algebras are Hilbert-Lie algebras, i.e. real Hilbert spaces with a Lie algebra structure for which the scalar product is invariant. Locally affine Lie algebras (LALAs) correspond to double extensions of (twisted) loop algebras over simple Hilbert-Lie algebras $\mathfrak{k}$, also called affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$. They possess a root space decomposition whose corresponding root system is a locally affine root system of one of the $7$ families $A_J^{(1)}$, $B_J^{(1)}$, $C_J^{(1)}$, $D_J^{(1)}$, $B_J^{(2)}$, $C_J^{(2)}$ and $BC_J^{(2)}$ for some infinite set $J$. To each of these types corresponds a minimal" affinisation of some simple Hilbert-Lie algebra $\mathfrak{k}$, which we call standard. In this paper, we give for each affinisation $\mathfrak{g}$ of a simple Hilbert-Lie algebra $\mathfrak{k}$ an explicit isomorphism from $\mathfrak{g}$ to one of the standard affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$. The existence of such an isomorphism could also be derived from the classification of locally affine root systems, but for representation theoretic purposes it is crucial to obtain it explicitly as a deformation between two twists which is compatible with the root decompositions. We illustrate this by applying our isomorphism theorem to the study of positive energy highest weight representations of $\mathfrak{g}$. In subsequent work, the present paper will be used to obtain a complete classification of the positive energy highest weight representations of affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$. Keywords:locally affine Lie algebra, Hilbert-Lie algebra, positive energy representationCategories:17B65, 17B70, 17B22, 17B10

2. CJM Online first

Runde, Volker; Viselter, Ami
 On positive definiteness over locally compact quantum groups The notion of positive-definite functions over locally compact quantum groups was recently introduced and studied by Daws and Salmi. Based on this work, we generalize various well-known results about positive-definite functions over groups to the quantum framework. Among these are theorems on "square roots" of positive-definite functions, comparison of various topologies, positive-definite measures and characterizations of amenability, and the separation property with respect to compact quantum subgroups. Keywords:bicrossed product, locally compact quantum group, non-commutative $L^p$-space, positive-definite function, positive-definite measure, separation propertyCategories:20G42, 22D25, 43A35, 46L51, 46L52, 46L89

3. CJM Online first

De Bernardi, Carlo Alberto; Veselý, Libor
 Tilings of normed spaces By a tiling of a topological linear space $X$ we mean a covering of $X$ by at least two closed convex sets, called tiles, whose nonempty interiors are pairwise disjoint. Study of tilings of infinite-dimensional spaces initiated in the 1980's with pioneer papers by V. Klee. We prove some general properties of tilings of locally convex spaces, and then apply these results to study existence of tilings of normed and Banach spaces by tiles possessing certain smoothness or rotundity properties. For a Banach space $X$, our main results are the following. 1. $X$ admits no tiling by FrÃ©chet smooth bounded tiles. 2. If $X$ is locally uniformly rotund (LUR), it does not admit any tiling by balls. 3. On the other hand, some $\ell_1(\Gamma)$ spaces, $\Gamma$ uncountable, do admit a tiling by pairwise disjoint LUR bounded tiles. Keywords:tiling of normed space, FrÃ©chet smooth body, locally uniformly rotund body, $\ell_1(\Gamma)$-spaceCategories:46B20, 52A99, 46A45

4. CJM 2016 (vol 68 pp. 309)

Daws, Matthew
 Categorical Aspects of Quantum Groups: Multipliers and Intrinsic Groups We show that the assignment of the (left) completely bounded multiplier algebra $M_{cb}^l(L^1(\mathbb G))$ to a locally compact quantum group $\mathbb G$, and the assignment of the intrinsic group, form functors between appropriate categories. Morphisms of locally compact quantum groups can be described by Hopf $*$-homomorphisms between universal $C^*$-algebras, by bicharacters, or by special sorts of coactions. We show that the whole theory of completely bounded multipliers can be lifted to the universal $C^*$-algebra level, and that then the different pictures of both multipliers (reduced, universal, and as centralisers) and morphisms interact in extremely natural ways. The intrinsic group of a quantum group can be realised as a class of multipliers, and so our techniques immediately apply. We also show how to think of the intrinsic group using the universal $C^*$-algebra picture, and then, again, show how the differing views on the intrinsic group interact naturally with morphisms. We show that the intrinsic group is the maximal classical'' quantum subgroup of a locally compact quantum group, show that it is even closed in the strong Vaes sense, and that the intrinsic group functor is an adjoint to the inclusion functor from locally compact groups to quantum groups. Keywords:locally compact quantum group, morphism, intrinsic group, multiplier, centraliserCategories:20G42, 22D25, 43A22, 43A35, 43A95, 46L52, 46L89, 47L25

5. CJM 2014 (vol 67 pp. 184)

McReynolds, D. B.
 Geometric Spectra and Commensurability The work of Reid, Chinburg-Hamilton-Long-Reid, Prasad-Rapinchuk, and the author with Reid have demonstrated that geodesics or totally geodesic submanifolds can sometimes be used to determine the commensurability class of an arithmetic manifold. The main results of this article show that generalizations of these results to other arithmetic manifolds will require a wide range of data. Specifically, we prove that certain incommensurable arithmetic manifolds arising from the semisimple Lie groups of the form $(\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbf{R}))^r \times (\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbf{C}))^s$ have the same commensurability classes of totally geodesic submanifolds coming from a fixed field. This construction is algebraic and shows the failure of determining, in general, a central simple algebra from subalgebras over a fixed field. This, in turn, can be viewed in terms of forms of $\operatorname{SL}_d$ and the failure of determining the form via certain classes of algebraic subgroups. Keywords:arithmetic groups, Brauer groups, arithmetic equivalence, locally symmetric manifoldsCategory:20G25

6. CJM 2013 (vol 65 pp. 1073)

Kalantar, Mehrdad; Neufang, Matthias
 From Quantum Groups to Groups In this paper we use the recent developments in the representation theory of locally compact quantum groups, to assign, to each locally compact quantum group $\mathbb{G}$, a locally compact group $\tilde {\mathbb{G}}$ which is the quantum version of point-masses, and is an invariant for the latter. We show that quantum point-masses" can be identified with several other locally compact groups that can be naturally assigned to the quantum group $\mathbb{G}$. This assignment preserves compactness as well as discreteness (hence also finiteness), and for large classes of quantum groups, amenability. We calculate this invariant for some of the most well-known examples of non-classical quantum groups. Also, we show that several structural properties of $\mathbb{G}$ are encoded by $\tilde {\mathbb{G}}$: the latter, despite being a simpler object, can carry very important information about $\mathbb{G}$. Keywords:locally compact quantum group, locally compact group, von Neumann algebraCategory:46L89

7. CJM 2013 (vol 66 pp. 303)

Elekes, Márton; Steprāns, Juris
 Haar Null Sets and the Consistent Reflection of Non-meagreness A subset $X$ of a Polish group $G$ is called Haar null if there exists a Borel set $B \supset X$ and Borel probability measure $\mu$ on $G$ such that $\mu(gBh)=0$ for every $g,h \in G$. We prove that there exist a set $X \subset \mathbb R$ that is not Lebesgue null and a Borel probability measure $\mu$ such that $\mu(X + t) = 0$ for every $t \in \mathbb R$. This answers a question from David Fremlin's problem list by showing that one cannot simplify the definition of a Haar null set by leaving out the Borel set $B$. (The answer was already known assuming the Continuum Hypothesis.) This result motivates the following Baire category analogue. It is consistent with $ZFC$ that there exist an abelian Polish group $G$ and a Cantor set $C \subset G$ such that for every non-meagre set $X \subset G$ there exists a $t \in G$ such that $C \cap (X + t)$ is relatively non-meagre in $C$. This essentially generalises results of BartoszyÅski and Burke-Miller. Keywords:Haar null, Christensen, non-locally compact Polish group, packing dimension, Problem FC on Fremlin's list, forcing, generic realCategories:28C10, 03E35, 03E17, , , , , 22C05, 28A78

8. CJM 2012 (vol 66 pp. 102)

Birth, Lidia; Glöckner, Helge
 Continuity of convolution of test functions on Lie groups For a Lie group $G$, we show that the map $C^\infty_c(G)\times C^\infty_c(G)\to C^\infty_c(G)$, $(\gamma,\eta)\mapsto \gamma*\eta$ taking a pair of test functions to their convolution is continuous if and only if $G$ is $\sigma$-compact. More generally, consider $r,s,t \in \mathbb{N}_0\cup\{\infty\}$ with $t\leq r+s$, locally convex spaces $E_1$, $E_2$ and a continuous bilinear map $b\colon E_1\times E_2\to F$ to a complete locally convex space $F$. Let $\beta\colon C^r_c(G,E_1)\times C^s_c(G,E_2)\to C^t_c(G,F)$, $(\gamma,\eta)\mapsto \gamma *_b\eta$ be the associated convolution map. The main result is a characterization of those $(G,r,s,t,b)$ for which $\beta$ is continuous. Convolution of compactly supported continuous functions on a locally compact group is also discussed, as well as convolution of compactly supported $L^1$-functions and convolution of compactly supported Radon measures. Keywords:Lie group, locally compact group, smooth function, compact support, test function, second countability, countable basis, sigma-compactness, convolution, continuity, seminorm, product estimatesCategories:22E30, 46F05, 22D15, 42A85, 43A10, 43A15, 46A03, 46A13, 46E25

9. CJM 2012 (vol 65 pp. 1043)

Hu, Zhiguo; Neufang, Matthias; Ruan, Zhong-Jin
 Convolution of Trace Class Operators over Locally Compact Quantum Groups We study locally compact quantum groups $\mathbb{G}$ through the convolution algebras $L_1(\mathbb{G})$ and $(T(L_2(\mathbb{G})), \triangleright)$. We prove that the reduced quantum group $C^*$-algebra $C_0(\mathbb{G})$ can be recovered from the convolution $\triangleright$ by showing that the right $T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$-module $\langle K(L_2(\mathbb{G}) \triangleright T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))\rangle$ is equal to $C_0(\mathbb{G})$. On the other hand, we show that the left $T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$-module $\langle T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))\triangleright K(L_2(\mathbb{G})\rangle$ is isomorphic to the reduced crossed product $C_0(\widehat{\mathbb{G}}) \,_r\!\ltimes C_0(\mathbb{G})$, and hence is a much larger $C^*$-subalgebra of $B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. We establish a natural isomorphism between the completely bounded right multiplier algebras of $L_1(\mathbb{G})$ and $(T(L_2(\mathbb{G})), \triangleright)$, and settle two invariance problems associated with the representation theorem of Junge-Neufang-Ruan (2009). We characterize regularity and discreteness of the quantum group $\mathbb{G}$ in terms of continuity properties of the convolution $\triangleright$ on $T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. We prove that if $\mathbb{G}$ is semi-regular, then the space $\langle T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))\triangleright B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))\rangle$ of right $\mathbb{G}$-continuous operators on $L_2(\mathbb{G})$, which was introduced by Bekka (1990) for $L_{\infty}(G)$, is a unital $C^*$-subalgebra of $B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. In the representation framework formulated by Neufang-Ruan-Spronk (2008) and Junge-Neufang-Ruan, we show that the dual properties of compactness and discreteness can be characterized simultaneously via automatic normality of quantum group bimodule maps on $B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. We also characterize some commutation relations of completely bounded multipliers of $(T(L_2(\mathbb{G})), \triangleright)$ over $B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. Keywords:locally compact quantum groups and associated Banach algebrasCategories:22D15, 43A30, 46H05

10. CJM 2012 (vol 64 pp. 1182)

Tall, Franklin D.
 PFA$(S)[S]$: More Mutually Consistent Topological Consequences of $PFA$ and $V=L$ Extending the work of Larson and Todorcevic, we show there is a model of set theory in which normal spaces are collectionwise Hausdorff if they are either first countable or locally compact, and yet there are no first countable $L$-spaces or compact $S$-spaces. The model is one of the form PFA$(S)[S]$, where $S$ is a coherent Souslin tree. Keywords:PFA$(S)[S]$, proper forcing, coherent Souslin tree, locally compact, normal, collectionwise Hausdorff, supercompact cardinalCategories:54A35, 54D15, 54D20, 54D45, 03E35, 03E57, 03E65

11. CJM 2010 (vol 63 pp. 436)

Mine, Kotaro; Sakai, Katsuro
 Simplicial Complexes and Open Subsets of Non-Separable LF-Spaces Let $F$ be a non-separable LF-space homeomorphic to the direct sum $\sum_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \ell_2(\tau_n)$, where $\aleph_0 < \tau_1 < \tau_2 < \cdots$. It is proved that every open subset $U$ of $F$ is homeomorphic to the product $|K| \times F$ for some locally finite-dimensional simplicial complex $K$ such that every vertex $v \in K^{(0)}$ has the star $\operatorname{St}(v,K)$ with $\operatorname{card} \operatorname{St}(v,K)^{(0)} < \tau = \sup\tau_n$ (and $\operatorname{card} K^{(0)} \le \tau$), and, conversely, if $K$ is such a simplicial complex, then the product $|K| \times F$ can be embedded in $F$ as an open set, where $|K|$ is the polyhedron of $K$ with the metric topology. Keywords:LF-space, open set, simplicial complex, metric topology, locally finite-dimensional, star, small box product, ANR, $\ell_2(\tau)$, $\ell_2(\tau)$-manifold, open embedding, $\sum_{i\in\mathbb{N}}\ell_2(\tau_i)$Categories:57N20, 46A13, 46T05, 57N17, 57Q05, 57Q40

12. CJM 2010 (vol 63 pp. 123)

Granirer, Edmond E.
 Strong and Extremely Strong Ditkin sets for the Banach Algebras $A_p^r(G)=A_p\cap L^r(G)$ Let $A_p(G)$ be the Figa-Talamanca, Herz Banach Algebra on $G$; thus $A_2(G)$ is the Fourier algebra. Strong Ditkin (SD) and Extremely Strong Ditkin (ESD) sets for the Banach algebras $A_p^r(G)$ are investigated for abelian and nonabelian locally compact groups $G$. It is shown that SD and ESD sets for $A_p(G)$ remain SD and ESD sets for $A_p^r(G)$, with strict inclusion for ESD sets. The case for the strict inclusion of SD sets is left open. A result on the weak sequential completeness of $A_2(F)$ for ESD sets $F$ is proved and used to show that Varopoulos, Helson, and Sidon sets are not ESD sets for $A_2(G)$, yet they are such for $A_2^r(G)$ for discrete groups $G$, for any $1\le r\le 2$. A result is given on the equivalence of the sequential and the net definitions of SD or ESD sets for $\sigma$-compact groups. The above results are new even if $G$ is abelian. Keywords:Fourier algebra, Figa-Talamanca-Herz algebra, locally compact group, Ditkin sets, Helson sets, Sidon sets, weak sequential completenessCategories:43A15, 43A10, 46J10, 43A45

13. CJM 2009 (vol 61 pp. 1262)

Dong, Z.
 On the Local Lifting Properties of Operator Spaces In this paper, we mainly study operator spaces which have the locally lifting property (LLP). The dual of any ternary ring of operators is shown to satisfy the strongly local reflexivity, and this is used to prove that strongly local reflexivity holds also for operator spaces which have the LLP. Several homological characterizations of the LLP and weak expectation property are given. We also prove that for any operator space $V$, $V^{**}$ has the LLP if and only if $V$ has the LLP and $V^{*}$ is exact. Keywords:operator space, locally lifting property, strongly locally reflexiveCategory:46L07

14. CJM 2009 (vol 61 pp. 382)

Miao, Tianxuan
 Unit Elements in the Double Dual of a Subalgebra of the Fourier Algebra $A(G)$ Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a Banach algebra with a bounded right approximate identity and let $\mathcal B$ be a closed ideal of $\mathcal A$. We study the relationship between the right identities of the double duals ${\mathcal B}^{**}$ and ${\mathcal A}^{**}$ under the Arens product. We show that every right identity of ${\mathcal B}^{**}$ can be extended to a right identity of ${\mathcal A}^{**}$ in some sense. As a consequence, we answer a question of Lau and \"Ulger, showing that for the Fourier algebra $A(G)$ of a locally compact group $G$, an element $\phi \in A(G)^{**}$ is in $A(G)$ if and only if $A(G) \phi \subseteq A(G)$ and $E \phi = \phi$ for all right identities $E$ of $A(G)^{**}$. We also prove some results about the topological centers of ${\mathcal B}^{**}$ and ${\mathcal A}^{**}$. Keywords:Locally compact groups, amenable groups, Fourier algebra, identity, Arens product, topological centerCategory:43A07

15. CJM 2006 (vol 58 pp. 768)

Hu, Zhiguo; Neufang, Matthias
 Decomposability of von Neumann Algebras and the Mazur Property of Higher Level The decomposability number of a von Neumann algebra $\m$ (denoted by $\dec(\m)$) is the greatest cardinality of a family of pairwise orthogonal non-zero projections in $\m$. In this paper, we explore the close connection between $\dec(\m)$ and the cardinal level of the Mazur property for the predual $\m_*$ of $\m$, the study of which was initiated by the second author. Here, our main focus is on those von Neumann algebras whose preduals constitute such important Banach algebras on a locally compact group $G$ as the group algebra $\lone$, the Fourier algebra $A(G)$, the measure algebra $M(G)$, the algebra $\luc^*$, etc. We show that for any of these von Neumann algebras, say $\m$, the cardinal number $\dec(\m)$ and a certain cardinal level of the Mazur property of $\m_*$ are completely encoded in the underlying group structure. In fact, they can be expressed precisely by two dual cardinal invariants of $G$: the compact covering number $\kg$ of $G$ and the least cardinality $\bg$ of an open basis at the identity of $G$. We also present an application of the Mazur property of higher level to the topological centre problem for the Banach algebra $\ag^{**}$. Keywords:Mazur property, predual of a von Neumann algebra, locally compact group and its cardinal invariants, group algebra, Fourier algebra, topological centreCategories:22D05, 43A20, 43A30, 03E55, 46L10

16. CJM 2006 (vol 58 pp. 64)

Filippakis, Michael; Gasiński, Leszek; Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S.
 Multiplicity Results for Nonlinear Neumann Problems In this paper we study nonlinear elliptic problems of Neumann type driven by the $p$-Laplac\-ian differential operator. We look for situations guaranteeing the existence of multiple solutions. First we study problems which are strongly resonant at infinity at the first (zero) eigenvalue. We prove five multiplicity results, four for problems with nonsmooth potential and one for problems with a $C^1$-potential. In the last part, for nonsmooth problems in which the potential eventually exhibits a strict super-$p$-growth under a symmetry condition, we prove the existence of infinitely many pairs of nontrivial solutions. Our approach is variational based on the critical point theory for nonsmooth functionals. Also we present some results concerning the first two elements of the spectrum of the negative $p$-Laplacian with Neumann boundary condition. Keywords:Nonsmooth critical point theory, locally Lipschitz function,, Clarke subdifferential, Neumann problem, strong resonance,, second deformation theorem, nonsmooth symmetric mountain pass theorem,, $p$-LaplacianCategories:35J20, 35J60, 35J85

17. CJM 2004 (vol 56 pp. 1259)

Paterson, Alan L. T.
 The Fourier Algebra for Locally Compact Groupoids We introduce and investigate using Hilbert modules the properties of the {\em Fourier algebra} $A(G)$ for a locally compact groupoid $G$. We establish a duality theorem for such groupoids in terms of multiplicative module maps. This includes as a special case the classical duality theorem for locally compact groups proved by P. Eymard. Keywords:Fourier algebra, locally compact groupoids, Hilbert modules,, positive definite functions, completely bounded mapsCategory:43A32

18. CJM 2004 (vol 56 pp. 344)

Miao, Tianxuan
 Predual of the Multiplier Algebra of $A_p(G)$ and Amenability For a locally compact group $G$ and $1 Keywords:Locally compact groups, amenable groups, multiplier algebra, Herz algebraCategory:43A07 19. CJM 2002 (vol 54 pp. 1100) Wood, Peter J.  The Operator Biprojectivity of the Fourier Algebra In this paper, we investigate projectivity in the category of operator spaces. In particular, we show that the Fourier algebra of a locally compact group$G$is operator biprojective if and only if$G\$ is discrete. Keywords:locally compact group, Fourier algebra, operator space, projectiveCategories:13D03, 18G25, 43A95, 46L07, 22D99

20. CJM 2002 (vol 54 pp. 795)

Möller, Rögnvaldur G.
 Structure Theory of Totally Disconnected Locally Compact Groups via Graphs and Permutations Willis's structure theory of totally disconnected locally compact groups is investigated in the context of permutation actions. This leads to new interpretations of the basic concepts in the theory and also to new proofs of the fundamental theorems and to several new results. The treatment of Willis's theory is self-contained and full proofs are given of all the fundamental results. Keywords:totally disconnected locally compact groups, scale function, permutation groups, groups acting on graphsCategories:22D05, 20B07, 20B27, 05C25
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