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1. CJM Online first

Ovchinnikov, Alexey; Wibmer, Michael
 Tannakian categories with semigroup actions Ostrowski's theorem implies that $\log(x),\log(x+1),\dots$ are algebraically independent over $\mathbb{C}(x)$. More generally, for a linear differential or difference equation, it is an important problem to find all algebraic dependencies among a non-zero solution $y$ and particular transformations of $y$, such as derivatives of $y$ with respect to parameters, shifts of the arguments, rescaling, etc. In the present paper, we develop a theory of Tannakian categories with semigroup actions, which will be used to attack such questions in full generality, as each linear differential equation gives rise to a Tannakian category. Deligne studied actions of braid groups on categories and obtained a finite collection of axioms that characterizes such actions to apply it to various geometric constructions. In this paper, we find a finite set of axioms that characterizes actions of semigroups that are finite free products of semigroups of the form $\mathbb{N}^n\times \mathbb{Z}/{n_1}\mathbb{Z}\times\cdots\times\mathbb{Z}/{n_r}\mathbb{Z}$ on Tannakian categories. This is the class of semigroups that appear in many applications. Keywords:semigroup actions on categories, Tannakian categories, difference algebraic groups, differential and difference equations with parametersCategories:18D10, 12H10, 20G05, 33C05, 33C80, 34K06

2. CJM 2016 (vol 68 pp. 481)

Bacher, Roland; Reutenauer, Christophe
 Number of Right Ideals and a $q$-analogue of Indecomposable Permutations We prove that the number of right ideals of codimension $n$ in the algebra of noncommutative Laurent polynomials in two variables over the finite field $\mathbb F_q$ is equal to $(q-1)^{n+1} q^{\frac{(n+1)(n-2)}{2}}\sum_\theta q^{inv(\theta)}$, where the sum is over all indecomposable permutations in $S_{n+1}$ and where $inv(\theta)$ stands for the number of inversions of $\theta$. Keywords:permutation, indecomposable permutation, subgroups of free groupsCategories:05A15, 05A19

3. CJM Online first

Papikian, Mihran; Rabinoff, Joseph
 Optimal quotients of Jacobians with toric reduction and component groups Let $J$ be a Jacobian variety with toric reduction over a local field $K$. Let $J \to E$ be an optimal quotient defined over $K$, where $E$ is an elliptic curve. We give examples in which the functorially induced map $\Phi_J \to \Phi_E$ on component groups of the NÃ©ron models is not surjective. This answers a question of Ribet and Takahashi. We also give various criteria under which $\Phi_J \to \Phi_E$ is surjective, and discuss when these criteria hold for the Jacobians of modular curves. Keywords:Jacobians with toric reduction, component groups, modular curvesCategories:11G18, 14G22, 14G20

4. CJM 2016 (vol 68 pp. 395)

Garibaldi, Skip; Nakano, Daniel K.
 Bilinear and Quadratic Forms on Rational Modules of Split Reductive Groups The representation theory of semisimple algebraic groups over the complex numbers (equivalently, semisimple complex Lie algebras or Lie groups, or real compact Lie groups) and the question of whether a given complex representation is symplectic or orthogonal has been solved since at least the 1950s. Similar results for Weyl modules of split reductive groups over fields of characteristic different from 2 hold by using similar proofs. This paper considers analogues of these results for simple, induced and tilting modules of split reductive groups over fields of prime characteristic as well as a complete answer for Weyl modules over fields of characteristic 2. Keywords:orthogonal representations, symmetric tensors, alternating forms, characteristic 2, split reductive groupsCategories:20G05, 11E39, 11E88, 15A63, 20G15

5. CJM 2016 (vol 68 pp. 655)

 Discrete Curvature and Abelian Groups We study a natural discrete Bochner-type inequality on graphs, and explore its merit as a notion of curvature'' in discrete spaces. An appealing feature of this discrete version of the so-called $\Gamma_2$-calculus (of Bakry-Ãmery) seems to be that it is fairly straightforward to compute this notion of curvature parameter for several specific graphs of interest -- particularly, abelian groups, slices of the hypercube, and the symmetric group under various sets of generators. We further develop this notion by deriving Buser-type inequalities (Ã  la Ledoux), relating functional and isoperimetric constants associated with a graph. Our derivations provide a tight bound on the Cheeger constant (i.e., the edge-isoperimetric constant) in terms of the spectral gap, for graphs with nonnegative curvature, particularly, the class of abelian Cayley graphs -- a result of independent interest. Keywords:Ricci curvature, graph theory, abelian groupsCategories:53C21, 57M15

6. CJM 2015 (vol 68 pp. 179)

Takeda, Shuichiro
 Metaplectic Tensor Products for Automorphic Representation of $\widetilde{GL}(r)$ Let $M=\operatorname{GL}_{r_1}\times\cdots\times\operatorname{GL}_{r_k}\subseteq\operatorname{GL}_r$ be a Levi subgroup of $\operatorname{GL}_r$, where $r=r_1+\cdots+r_k$, and $\widetilde{M}$ its metaplectic preimage in the $n$-fold metaplectic cover $\widetilde{\operatorname{GL}}_r$ of $\operatorname{GL}_r$. For automorphic representations $\pi_1,\dots,\pi_k$ of $\widetilde{\operatorname{GL}}_{r_1}(\mathbb{A}),\dots,\widetilde{\operatorname{GL}}_{r_k}(\mathbb{A})$, we construct (under a certain technical assumption, which is always satisfied when $n=2$) an automorphic representation $\pi$ of $\widetilde{M}(\mathbb{A})$ which can be considered as the tensor product'' of the representations $\pi_1,\dots,\pi_k$. This is the global analogue of the metaplectic tensor product defined by P. Mezo in the sense that locally at each place $v$, $\pi_v$ is equivalent to the local metaplectic tensor product of $\pi_{1,v},\dots,\pi_{k,v}$ defined by Mezo. Then we show that if all of $\pi_i$ are cuspidal (resp. square-integrable modulo center), then the metaplectic tensor product is cuspidal (resp. square-integrable modulo center). We also show that (both locally and globally) the metaplectic tensor product behaves in the expected way under the action of a Weyl group element, and show the compatibility with parabolic inductions. Keywords:automorphic forms, representations of covering groupsCategory:11F70

7. CJM 2015 (vol 68 pp. 334)

Demchenko, Oleg; Gurevich, Alexander
 Kernels in the Category of Formal Group Laws Fontaine described the category of formal groups over the ring of Witt vectors over a finite field of characteristic $p$ with the aid of triples consisting of the module of logarithms, the DieudonnÃ© module and the morphism from the former to the latter. We propose an explicit construction for the kernels in this category in term of Fontaine's triples. The construction is applied to the formal norm homomorphism in the case of an unramified extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ and of a totally ramified extension of degree less or equal than $p$. A similar consideration applied to a global extension allows us to establish the existence of a strict isomorphism between the formal norm torus and a formal group law coming from $L$-series. Keywords:formal groups, $p$-divisible groups, Dieudonne modules, norm toriCategory:14L05

8. CJM 2014 (vol 67 pp. 315)

Bellaïche, Joël
 Unitary Eigenvarieties at Isobaric Points In this article we study the geometry of the eigenvarieties of unitary groups at points corresponding to tempered non-stable representations with an anti-ordinary (a.k.a evil) refinement. We prove that, except in the case the Galois representation attached to the automorphic form is a sum of characters, the eigenvariety is non-smooth at such a point, and that (under some additional hypotheses) its tangent space is big enough to account for all the relevant Selmer group. We also study the local reducibility locus at those points, proving that in general, in contrast with the case of the eigencurve, it is a proper subscheme of the fiber of the eigenvariety over the weight space. Keywords:eigenvarieties, Galois representations, Selmer groups

9. CJM 2014 (vol 67 pp. 369)

Graham, Robert; Pichot, Mikael
 A Free Product Formula for the Sofic Dimension It is proved that if $G=G_1*_{G_3}G_2$ is free product of probability measure preserving $s$-regular ergodic discrete groupoids amalgamated over an amenable subgroupoid $G_3$, then the sofic dimension $s(G)$ satisfies the equality $s(G)=\mathfrak{h}(G_1^0)s(G_1)+\mathfrak{h}(G_2^0)s(G_2)-\mathfrak{h}(G_3^0)s(G_3)$ where $\mathfrak{h}$ is the normalized Haar measure on $G$. Keywords:sofic groups, dynamical systems, orbit equivalence, free entropyCategory:20E06

10. CJM 2014 (vol 66 pp. 993)

Beuzart-Plessis, Raphaël
 Expression d'un facteur epsilon de paire par une formule intÃ©grale Let $E/F$ be a quadratic extension of $p$-adic fields and let $d$, $m$ be nonnegative integers of distinct parities. Fix admissible irreducible tempered representations $\pi$ and $\sigma$ of $GL_d(E)$ and $GL_m(E)$ respectively. We assume that $\pi$ and $\sigma$ are conjugate-dual. That is to say $\pi\simeq \pi^{\vee,c}$ and $\sigma\simeq \sigma^{\vee,c}$ where $c$ is the non trivial $F$-automorphism of $E$. This implies, we can extend $\pi$ to an unitary representation $\tilde{\pi}$ of a nonconnected group $GL_d(E)\rtimes \{1,\theta\}$. Define $\tilde{\sigma}$ the same way. We state and prove an integral formula for $\epsilon(1/2,\pi\times \sigma,\psi_E)$ involving the characters of $\tilde{\pi}$ and $\tilde{\sigma}$. This formula is related to the local Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture for unitary groups. Keywords:epsilon factor, twisted groupsCategories:22E50, 11F85

11. CJM 2014 (vol 67 pp. 795)

Di Nasso, Mauro; Goldbring, Isaac; Jin, Renling; Leth, Steven; Lupini, Martino; Mahlburg, Karl
 On a Sumset Conjecture of ErdÅs ErdÅs conjectured that for any set $A\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ with positive lower asymptotic density, there are infinite sets $B,C\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ such that $B+C\subseteq A$. We verify ErdÅs' conjecture in the case that $A$ has Banach density exceeding $\frac{1}{2}$. As a consequence, we prove that, for $A\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ with positive Banach density (a much weaker assumption than positive lower density), we can find infinite $B,C\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ such that $B+C$ is contained in the union of $A$ and a translate of $A$. Both of the aforementioned results are generalized to arbitrary countable amenable groups. We also provide a positive solution to ErdÅs' conjecture for subsets of the natural numbers that are pseudorandom. Keywords:sumsets of integers, asymptotic density, amenable groups, nonstandard analysisCategories:11B05, 11B13, 11P70, 28D15, 37A45

12. CJM 2014 (vol 67 pp. 184)

McReynolds, D. B.
 Geometric Spectra and Commensurability The work of Reid, Chinburg-Hamilton-Long-Reid, Prasad-Rapinchuk, and the author with Reid have demonstrated that geodesics or totally geodesic submanifolds can sometimes be used to determine the commensurability class of an arithmetic manifold. The main results of this article show that generalizations of these results to other arithmetic manifolds will require a wide range of data. Specifically, we prove that certain incommensurable arithmetic manifolds arising from the semisimple Lie groups of the form $(\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbf{R}))^r \times (\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbf{C}))^s$ have the same commensurability classes of totally geodesic submanifolds coming from a fixed field. This construction is algebraic and shows the failure of determining, in general, a central simple algebra from subalgebras over a fixed field. This, in turn, can be viewed in terms of forms of $\operatorname{SL}_d$ and the failure of determining the form via certain classes of algebraic subgroups. Keywords:arithmetic groups, Brauer groups, arithmetic equivalence, locally symmetric manifoldsCategory:20G25

13. CJM 2013 (vol 66 pp. 1250)

Feigin, Evgeny; Finkelberg, Michael; Littelmann, Peter
 Symplectic Degenerate Flag Varieties A simple finite dimensional module $V_\lambda$ of a simple complex algebraic group $G$ is naturally endowed with a filtration induced by the PBW-filtration of $U(\mathrm{Lie}\, G)$. The associated graded space $V_\lambda^a$ is a module for the group $G^a$, which can be roughly described as a semi-direct product of a Borel subgroup of $G$ and a large commutative unipotent group $\mathbb{G}_a^M$. In analogy to the flag variety $\mathcal{F}_\lambda=G.[v_\lambda]\subset \mathbb{P}(V_\lambda)$, we call the closure $\overline{G^a.[v_\lambda]}\subset \mathbb{P}(V_\lambda^a)$ of the $G^a$-orbit through the highest weight line the degenerate flag variety $\mathcal{F}^a_\lambda$. In general this is a singular variety, but we conjecture that it has many nice properties similar to that of Schubert varieties. In this paper we consider the case of $G$ being the symplectic group. The symplectic case is important for the conjecture because it is the first known case where even for fundamental weights $\omega$ the varieties $\mathcal{F}^a_\omega$ differ from $\mathcal{F}_\omega$. We give an explicit construction of the varieties $Sp\mathcal{F}^a_\lambda$ and construct desingularizations, similar to the Bott-Samelson resolutions in the classical case. We prove that $Sp\mathcal{F}^a_\lambda$ are normal locally complete intersections with terminal and rational singularities. We also show that these varieties are Frobenius split. Using the above mentioned results, we prove an analogue of the Borel-Weil theorem and obtain a $q$-character formula for the characters of irreducible $Sp_{2n}$-modules via the Atiyah-Bott-Lefschetz fixed points formula. Keywords:Lie algebras, flag varieties, symplectic groups, representationsCategories:14M15, 22E46

14. CJM 2013 (vol 66 pp. 1287)

Henniart, Guy; Sécherre, Vincent
 Types et contragrÃ©dientes Soit $\mathrm{G}$ un groupe rÃ©ductif $p$-adique, et soit $\mathrm{R}$ un corps algÃ©briquement clos. Soit $\pi$ une reprÃ©sentation lisse de $\mathrm{G}$ dans un espace vectoriel $\mathrm{V}$ sur $\mathrm{R}$. Fixons un sous-groupe ouvert et compact $\mathrm{K}$ de $\mathrm{G}$ et une reprÃ©sentation lisse irrÃ©ductible $\tau$ de $\mathrm{K}$ dans un espace vectoriel $\mathrm{W}$ de dimension finie sur $\mathrm{R}$. Sur l'espace $\mathrm{Hom}_{\mathrm{K}(\mathrm{W},\mathrm{V})}$ agit l'algÃ¨bre d'entrelacement $\mathscr{H}(\mathrm{G},\mathrm{K},\mathrm{W})$. Nous examinons la compatibilitÃ© de ces constructions avec le passage aux reprÃ©sentations contragrÃ©dientes $\mathrm{V}^Äe$ et $\mathrm{W}^Äe$, et donnons en particulier des conditions sur $\mathrm{W}$ ou sur la caractÃ©ristique de $\mathrm{R}$ pour que le comportement soit semblable au cas des reprÃ©sentations complexes. Nous prenons un point de vue abstrait, n'utilisant que des propriÃ©tÃ©s gÃ©nÃ©rales de $\mathrm{G}$. Nous terminons par une application Ã  la thÃ©orie des types pour le groupe $\mathrm{GL}_n$ et ses formes intÃ©rieures sur un corps local non archimÃ©dien. Keywords:modular representations of p-adic reductive groups, types, contragredient, intertwiningCategory:22E50

15. CJM 2013 (vol 67 pp. 450)

Santoprete, Manuele; Scheurle, Jürgen; Walcher, Sebastian
 Motion in a Symmetric Potential on the Hyperbolic Plane We study the motion of a particle in the hyperbolic plane (embedded in Minkowski space), under the action of a potential that depends only on one variable. This problem is the analogous to the spherical pendulum in a unidirectional force field. However, for the discussion of the hyperbolic plane one has to distinguish three inequivalent cases, depending on the direction of the force field. Symmetry reduction, with respect to groups that are not necessarily compact or even reductive, is carried out by way of Poisson varieties and Hilbert maps. For each case the dynamics is discussed, with special attention to linear potentials. Keywords:Hamiltonian systems with symmetry, symmetries, non-compact symmetry groups, singular reductionCategories:37J15, 70H33, 70F99, 37C80, 34C14, , 20G20

16. CJM 2013 (vol 66 pp. 241)

Broussous, P.
 Transfert du pseudo-coefficient de Kottwitz et formules de caractÃ¨re pour la sÃ©rie discrÃ¨te de $\mathrm{GL}(N)$ sur un corps local Soit $G$ le groupe $\mathrm{GL}(N,F)$, oÃ¹ $F$ est un corps localement compact et non archimÃ©dien. En utilisant la thÃ©orie des types simples de Bushnell et Kutzko, ainsi qu'une idÃ©e originale d'Henniart, nous construisons des pseudo-coefficients explicites pour les reprÃ©sentations de la sÃ©rie discrÃ¨te de $G$. Comme application, nous en dÃ©duisons des formules inÃ©dites pour la valeur du charactÃ¨re d'Harish-Chandra de certaines telles reprÃ©sentations en certains Ã©lÃ©ments elliptiques rÃ©guliers. Keywords:reductive p-adic groups , discrete series, Harish-Chandra character, pseudo-coefficientCategory:22E50

17. CJM 2012 (vol 65 pp. 82)

Félix, Yves; Halperin, Steve; Thomas, Jean-Claude
 The Ranks of the Homotopy Groups of a Finite Dimensional Complex Let $X$ be an $n$-dimensional, finite, simply connected CW complex and set $\alpha_X =\limsup_i \frac{\log\mbox{ rank}\, \pi_i(X)}{i}$. When $0\lt \alpha_X\lt \infty$, we give upper and lower bound for $\sum_{i=k+2}^{k+n} \textrm{rank}\, \pi_i(X)$ for $k$ sufficiently large. We show also for any $r$ that $\alpha_X$ can be estimated from the integers rk$\,\pi_i(X)$, $i\leq nr$ with an error bound depending explicitly on $r$. Keywords:homotopy groups, graded Lie algebra, exponential growth, LS categoryCategories:55P35, 55P62, , , , 17B70

18. CJM 2012 (vol 65 pp. 1043)

Hu, Zhiguo; Neufang, Matthias; Ruan, Zhong-Jin
 Convolution of Trace Class Operators over Locally Compact Quantum Groups We study locally compact quantum groups $\mathbb{G}$ through the convolution algebras $L_1(\mathbb{G})$ and $(T(L_2(\mathbb{G})), \triangleright)$. We prove that the reduced quantum group $C^*$-algebra $C_0(\mathbb{G})$ can be recovered from the convolution $\triangleright$ by showing that the right $T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$-module $\langle K(L_2(\mathbb{G}) \triangleright T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))\rangle$ is equal to $C_0(\mathbb{G})$. On the other hand, we show that the left $T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$-module $\langle T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))\triangleright K(L_2(\mathbb{G})\rangle$ is isomorphic to the reduced crossed product $C_0(\widehat{\mathbb{G}}) \,_r\!\ltimes C_0(\mathbb{G})$, and hence is a much larger $C^*$-subalgebra of $B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. We establish a natural isomorphism between the completely bounded right multiplier algebras of $L_1(\mathbb{G})$ and $(T(L_2(\mathbb{G})), \triangleright)$, and settle two invariance problems associated with the representation theorem of Junge-Neufang-Ruan (2009). We characterize regularity and discreteness of the quantum group $\mathbb{G}$ in terms of continuity properties of the convolution $\triangleright$ on $T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. We prove that if $\mathbb{G}$ is semi-regular, then the space $\langle T(L_2(\mathbb{G}))\triangleright B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))\rangle$ of right $\mathbb{G}$-continuous operators on $L_2(\mathbb{G})$, which was introduced by Bekka (1990) for $L_{\infty}(G)$, is a unital $C^*$-subalgebra of $B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. In the representation framework formulated by Neufang-Ruan-Spronk (2008) and Junge-Neufang-Ruan, we show that the dual properties of compactness and discreteness can be characterized simultaneously via automatic normality of quantum group bimodule maps on $B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. We also characterize some commutation relations of completely bounded multipliers of $(T(L_2(\mathbb{G})), \triangleright)$ over $B(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. Keywords:locally compact quantum groups and associated Banach algebrasCategories:22D15, 43A30, 46H05

19. CJM 2012 (vol 65 pp. 66)

Deng, Shaoqiang; Hu, Zhiguang
 On Flag Curvature of Homogeneous Randers Spaces In this paper we give an explicit formula for the flag curvature of homogeneous Randers spaces of Douglas type and apply this formula to obtain some interesting results. We first deduce an explicit formula for the flag curvature of an arbitrary left invariant Randers metric on a two-step nilpotent Lie group. Then we obtain a classification of negatively curved homogeneous Randers spaces of Douglas type. This results, in particular, in many examples of homogeneous non-Riemannian Finsler spaces with negative flag curvature. Finally, we prove a rigidity result that a homogeneous Randers space of Berwald type whose flag curvature is everywhere nonzero must be Riemannian. Keywords:homogeneous Randers manifolds, flag curvature, Douglas spaces, two-step nilpotent Lie groupsCategories:22E46, 53C30

20. CJM 2011 (vol 64 pp. 1075)

Raja, Chandiraraj Robinson Edward
 A Stochastic Difference Equation with Stationary Noise on Groups We consider the stochastic difference equation $$\eta _k = \xi _k \phi (\eta _{k-1}), \quad k \in \mathbb Z$$ on a locally compact group $G$ where $\phi$ is an automorphism of $G$, $\xi _k$ are given $G$-valued random variables and $\eta _k$ are unknown $G$-valued random variables. This equation was considered by Tsirelson and Yor on one-dimensional torus. We consider the case when $\xi _k$ have a common law $\mu$ and prove that if $G$ is a distal group and $\phi$ is a distal automorphism of $G$ and if the equation has a solution, then extremal solutions of the equation are in one-one correspondence with points on the coset space $K\backslash G$ for some compact subgroup $K$ of $G$ such that $\mu$ is supported on $Kz= z\phi (K)$ for any $z$ in the support of $\mu$. We also provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of solutions to the equation. Keywords:dissipating, distal automorphisms, probability measures, pointwise distal groups, shifted convolution powersCategories:60B15, 60G20

21. CJM 2011 (vol 64 pp. 588)

Nekovář, Jan
 Level Raising and Anticyclotomic Selmer Groups for Hilbert Modular Forms of Weight Two In this article we refine the method of Bertolini and Darmon and prove several finiteness results for anticyclotomic Selmer groups of Hilbert modular forms of parallel weight two. Keywords:Hilbert modular forms, Selmer groups, Shimura curvesCategories:11G40, 11F41, 11G18

22. CJM 2011 (vol 64 pp. 481)

Chamorro, Diego
 Some Functional Inequalities on Polynomial Volume Growth Lie Groups In this article we study some Sobolev-type inequalities on polynomial volume growth Lie groups. We show in particular that improved Sobolev inequalities can be extended to this general framework without the use of the Littlewood-Paley decomposition. Keywords:Sobolev inequalities, polynomial volume growth Lie groupsCategory:22E30

23. CJM 2011 (vol 63 pp. 1058)

Easton, Robert W.
 $S_3$-covers of Schemes We analyze flat $S_3$-covers of schemes, attempting to create structures parallel to those found in the abelian and triple cover theories. We use an initial local analysis as a guide in finding a global description. Keywords:nonabelian groups, permutation group, group covers, schemesCategory:14L30

24. CJM 2011 (vol 63 pp. 481)

Baragar, Arthur
 The Ample Cone for a K3 Surface In this paper, we give several pictorial fractal representations of the ample or KÃ¤hler cone for surfaces in a certain class of $K3$ surfaces. The class includes surfaces described by smooth $(2,2,2)$ forms in ${\mathbb P^1\times\mathbb P^1\times \mathbb P^1}$ defined over a sufficiently large number field $K$ that have a line parallel to one of the axes and have Picard number four. We relate the Hausdorff dimension of this fractal to the asymptotic growth of orbits of curves under the action of the surface's group of automorphisms. We experimentally estimate the Hausdorff dimension of the fractal to be $1.296 \pm .010$. Keywords:Fractal, Hausdorff dimension, K3 surface, Kleinian groups, dynamicsCategories:14J28, , , , 14J50, 11D41, 11D72, 11H56, 11G10, 37F35, 37D05

25. CJM 2010 (vol 62 pp. 1116)

Jin, Yongyang; Zhang, Genkai
 Degenerate p-Laplacian Operators and Hardy Type Inequalities on H-Type Groups Let $\mathbb G$ be a step-two nilpotent group of H-type with Lie algebra $\mathfrak G=V\oplus \mathfrak t$. We define a class of vector fields $X=\{X_j\}$ on $\mathbb G$ depending on a real parameter $k\ge 1$, and we consider the corresponding $p$-Laplacian operator $L_{p,k} u= \operatorname{div}_X (|\nabla_{X} u|^{p-2} \nabla_X u)$. For $k=1$ the vector fields $X=\{X_j\}$ are the left invariant vector fields corresponding to an orthonormal basis of $V$; for $\mathbb G$ being the Heisenberg group the vector fields are the Greiner fields. In this paper we obtain the fundamental solution for the operator $L_{p,k}$ and as an application, we get a Hardy type inequality associated with $X$. Keywords:fundamental solutions, degenerate Laplacians, Hardy inequality, H-type groupsCategories:35H30, 26D10, 22E25
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